1937 Sabena Junkers Ju 52 Ostend crash

{{Infobox Airliner accident|name=Sabena Junkers Ju 52 Ostend crash |

Date=16 November 1937 |

coordinates = {{coord|51|12|3.42|N|2|53|31.42|E|type:airport_region:BE|display=it}}|

Type=Controlled flight into terrain in poor weather |

occurrence_type = Accident |

image=JU 52 3M.jpg |

caption= A JU 52 similar to the accident aircraft |

Site=Ostend, Belgium |

Fatalities=12{{efn|The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse was heavily pregnant when she boarded the aircraft and the body of a baby was found in the wreckage, believed to have been born during the flight.}} |

Injuries=0 |

Aircraft Type=Junkers Ju 52/3m |

Operator=Sabena |

Tail Number=OO-AUB |

Passengers=9 |

Crew=3 |

Survivors = 0 |

}}

On 16 November 1937 a Junkers Ju 52/3m owned by Belgian airline SABENA, operating as a scheduled international passenger flight from Munich, Germany,{{clarify|reason=Planecrashinfo.com states that the aircraft departed from Cologne; the Western Argus – in another article on the same page as the source used – states that Munich was the departure point|date=May 2018}} to London, England, crashed near Ostend, Belgium. The aircraft hit a tall factory chimney, at 2:47 p.m. local time, while attempting to land at Stene aerodrome near Ostend, Belgium. The accident killed prominent members of the Hesse royal family on the way to London for the wedding of Louis, Prince of Hesse and by Rhine.

Accident

The flight from Munich to London was scheduled to stop at Frankfurt, Brussels and Ostend Airport but diverted to Stene Aerodrome due to bad weather. The aircraft hit the chimney of a brick factory and crashed, bursting into flames.{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=A Tragic Air Crash – Eleven Dead |date=17 November 1937 |page=16 |issue=47844 }}

All eleven passengers and crew who boarded the aircraft died. The remains of Grand Duchess Cecilie's newborn son were found among the wreckage; a Belgian official enquiry into the crash concluded that she had given birth during the flight and that the birth was the reason the pilot was attempting to land despite the poor weather conditions.{{cite news|title=Birth of Royal Infant seen as Cause of Crash|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=950&dat=19371123&id=0MwLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NlUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4248,1220727|accessdate=28 June 2012|newspaper=the Evening Independent|date=23 November 1937}}[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,758458,00.html Curse of Hesse] – Time Magazine

Crew and passengers

Crew:5 in Grand Ducal Family Die With 6 Others in Air Crash. In: The New York Times, 17. November 1937, S. 1.A Tragic Air Crash. In: The Times, 17. November 1937, Nr. 47844, S. 16.Knodt, Manfred: Ernst Ludwig, Großherzog von Hessen und bei Rhein: Sein Leben und seine Zeit. Schlapp, Darmstadt 1978, {{ISBN|3-87704-006-3}}, S. 407.

Antoine Lambotte, pilot
Philippe Courtois, wireless operator
Yvan Lansmans, mechanic

Passengers:

Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse
Cecilie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse
Prince Ludwig of Hesse{{efn|also known as Prince Louis}}
Prince Alexander of Hesse
Georg Donatus' and Cecilie's newborn son
Eleonore, Grand Duchess of Hesse
Joachim Riedesel zu Eisenbach, friend of the grand ducal family
{{ill|Arthur Martens|de}}, world-record setting glider pilot and friend of the grand ducal family
Sister Lina Hahn, governess of the grand ducal family

Aircraft

The aircraft was a three-engined Junkers Ju 52/3m airliner operated by SABENA and registered in Belgium as OO-AUB.

Aftermath

The wedding of Prince Louis with Margaret Campbell Geddes, daughter of Sir Auckland Geddes was brought forward to the morning after the accident. Baron Riedesel would have been Louis' best man; their friend Oliver Chesterton stood in as best man; the ceremony was small and solemn with the guests in mourning clothes.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article34960912 |title=A Twelfth Victim. |newspaper=Western Argus (Kalgoorlie, WA : 1916 – 1938) |location=Kalgoorlie, WA |date=23 November 1937 |accessdate=28 June 2012 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}

Immediately following the wedding, Prince Louis and his wife Margaret travelled to Belgium and visited a hospital where the victims' bodies had been laid out.{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=The Ostend Air Disaster |date=18 November 1937 |page=14 |issue=47845 }}

The Hereditary Grand Duke and Duchess' fourteen-month-old daughter, Johanna, was the only one of the family who was not on board the aircraft. She was adopted by her uncle Louis in early 1938. Johanna died of meningitis in 1939.Duff (1979)

With the death of the childless Prince Louis in 1968, the male line of the Hesse and by Rhine became extinct.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}

The crash and its effect on Cecilie's younger brother, Philip, were featured in season 2 of the Netflix series, The Crown. However, this fictionalised version wrongly implied that Philip was to blame for Cecilie taking the flight, whereas in reality "her decision to travel to London had nothing to do with Philip". Philip threatened to sue The Crown due to this distortion of history.{{cite news |work=The Sunday Times |date=13 November 2022 |title=Philip wanted to sue The Crown after being blamed for sister's death |first1=Roya |last1=Nikkhah |url=https://www.thetimes.com/culture/tv-radio/article/philip-considered-lawsuit-the-crown-after-being-blamed-for-sister-s-death-l6jfbkd8p |access-date= 13 November 2022}}

Notes

References

Bibliography

Duff, David. Hessian Tapestry. David & Charles PLC, 1979.
{{cite book|last=Deglas|first=Christian|title=Rampen in België : Heizeldrama, gasexplosie in Gellingen, Switelbrand, Herald of Free Enterprise, brand in de Innovation, mijnramp in Marcinelle ... en alle andere drama's die ons land schokten|year=2005|publisher=Lannoo|location=Tielt|isbn=90-209-6216-7|pages=38–40|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dly9axBP4O4C&pg=PA38|language=nl}}