1956 in Ireland

• President: Seán T. O'Kelly
• Taoiseach: John A. Costello (FG)
• Tánaiste: William Norton (Lab)
• Minister for Finance: Gerard Sweetman (FG)
• Chief Justice: Conor Maguire
• Dáil: 15th
• Seanad: 8th

• 15 February – Senator Owen Sheehy-Skeffington introduced a motion calling for the prohibition of all corporal punishment for girls in Irish national schools.
• 2 April – President Seán T. O'Kelly unveiled a bust of politician, revolutionary, and suffragist Constance Markievicz in St Stephen's Green, Dublin.
• 1 May – the Minister for Education Richard Mulcahy introduced the debate on a separate government department for the {{lang|ga|Gaeltacht}}.
• 21 May – President Seán T. O'Kelly opened the first Cork International Film Festival.
• 29 May – T. K. Whitaker was appointed new Secretary at the Department of Finance.
• 12 August – The Gaelic Athletic Association postponed the All-Ireland Hurling and Football Finals due to an outbreak of polio.
• 21 November – Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children was opened in Crumlin.
• 30 November – Petrol rationing was due to be introduced from next January 1 due to the Suez Crisis.
• 1 December – At the Olympic Games in Melbourne, Australia, Ronnie Delany won Ireland's first Olympic gold medal for 24 years.
• 12 December – The Irish Republican Army launched its Border Campaign in Northern Ireland{{cite book|last1=Hanley|first1=Brian|last2=Miller|first2=Scott|title=The Lost Revolution: The Story of the Official IRA and the Workers' Party|location=Dublin|publisher=Penguin Ireland|year=2009|page=14}} with the bombing of a BBC relay transmitter in County Londonderry, burning of a courthouse in Magherafelt by a unit led by 18-year-old Seamus Costello, and of an Ulster Special Constabulary post near Newry and blowing up of a half-built British Army barracks at Enniskillen. A raid on Gough Barracks in Armagh was beaten off after a brief exchange of fire.
• Undated
• The second {{lang|ga|Coimisiún na Gaeltachta}} redefined the boundaries of the {{lang|ga|Gaeltacht}}.
• Robert Briscoe became the first Jewish Lord Mayor of Dublin.{{cite web|url=http://www.taoiseach.gov.ie/index.asp?locID=462&docID=2139|title=Speech by the Taoiseach on visit to the Jewish Museum, Dublin|author=Department of the Taoiseach|year=2006|work=The Irish Times|access-date=2008-03-09}}

• June – Painter Louis le Brocquy represented Ireland at the Venice Biennale.
• Samuel Beckett's novel Malone Dies was published in English.

;League of Ireland

:Winners: St Patrick's Athletic

;FAI Cup

:Winners: Shamrock Rovers 3–2 Cork Athletic.

• 1 January – John O'Donohue, poet and philosopher (died in 2008).
• 16 January – Denis Moran, Kerry Gaelic footballer.
• 17 January – Joe Hennessy, Kilkenny hurler.
• 27 January – Joe Duffy, radio presenter.
• 11 February – Pat Carroll, Offaly hurler (died 1986).
• 13 February – Liam Brady, international soccer player.
• 21 February – Johnny Crowley, Cork hurler.
• 4 March – Ciarán Brennan, singer, songwriter, producer and instrumentalist.
• 13 April – Jim Lynagh, Provisional Irish Republican Army member killed in an ambush by the Special Air Service during an attack on Loughgall RUC station (died in 1987).
• 16 April – Paul Drechsler, businessman.
• 29 April – Kevin Moran, Gaelic footballer and soccer player.
• 30 April – Liam T. Cosgrave, Fine Gael politician, Cathaoirleach of Seanad Éireann 1996–1997
• 4 May – Steve Barron, film director and producer.
• 5 May – Mary Coughlan, singer.
• 9 May – Brendan Howlin, national school teacher, Labour Party Teachta Dála (TD) for Wexford and cabinet minister.
• 15 May – Pat Byrne, soccer player and manager.
• 18 May – Pat Fleury, Offaly hurler, manager.
• 21 May – Sean Kelly, cyclist and broadcaster.
• 24 May – Michael Jackson, Church of Ireland Bishop of Clogher.
• 28 May – John O'Donoghue, Fianna Fáil TD for Kerry South and Cabinet Minister.
• 1 June – Brendan Smith, Fianna Fáil TD for Cavan–Monaghan and Minister of State.
• 4 June – Gerry Ryan, RTÉ radio presenter. (Died in 2010)
• 7 June – Marty Whelan, RTÉ radio and television presenter.
• 1 July – Liz O'Donnell, Deputy Leader of the Progressive Democrats, TD and Minister of State.
• 10 July – Frank Stapleton, soccer player and manager.
• 12 July – Cathal Ó Searcaigh, poet.
• August – Denis Mulcahy, Cork hurler.
• 26 August – Dick Hooper, long-distance runner.
• 5 September – Willie Mullins, jockey, racehorse trainer.
• 4 October – Mary Kennedy, television presenter.
• 13 October – Joe Connolly, Galway hurler.
• 1 November – Charles Flanagan, Fine Gael TD for Laois–Offaly.
• 5 November – Marita Conlon-McKenna, children's writer.
• 4 December – Nia Griffith Welsh Labour Member of Parliament.
• 19 December – Shane McEntee, Fine Gael TD for Meath East.
• ; Undated

:* Patrick Cassidy, composer.

:* Dorothy Cross, sculptor and installation artist.

:* Frankie Gavin, fiddle and flute player.

:* Alice Maher, painter and sculptor.

:* Valerie Mulvin, architect.

:* Tadhg Murphy, Cork hurler.

:* Richie Reid, Kilkenny hurler.

:* Fran Rooney, businessman.

• 30 January – Sir John Keane, 5th Baronet, barrister, member of Seanad Éireann (born in 1873).
• 20 February – James Cousins, poet and writer (born in 1873).
• 21 February – Louis Meldon, cricketer (born in 1886).
• 13 March – Alfie Byrne, Irish Nationalist politician, served both as a Member of parliament in the British House of Commons and as a Teachta Dála in Dáil Éireann (born in 1882).
• 18 March – Benjamin Glazer, Academy Award-winning writer, film producer and director (born in 1887).
• 19 March – Matt Goff, Kildare Gaelic footballer (born in 1901).
• 24 March – Bob Lambert, cricketer (born in 1874).
• 20 April – Ida Mary Costello, wife of Taoiseach John A. Costello (born in 1891).
• 17 May – John Tudor Gwynn, cricketer (born in 1881).
• 22 May – Elizabeth Cronin, traditional singer (born in 1879).
• 11 June – Seán Óg Murphy, Cork hurler, Gaelic Athletic Association administrator (born in 1892).
• 23 July – Ella Young, poet (born in 1867).
• 5 August – J. M. Andrews, second Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (born in 1871).
• 23 September – Arthur Duff, composer and conductor (born in 1899).
• 6 November – Leo Whelan, painter (born in 1892).
• 19 November – Thomas Derrig, Fianna Fáil TD and Cabinet Minister (born in 1897).
• 25 November – Robert Bruce Bowers, cricketer (born in 1897).
• 11 December – Frederic Charles Dreyer, British Royal Navy Admiral (born in 1878).
• 27 December – Lambert McKenna, Jesuit priest and writer (born in 1870).
• Undated – Geoffrey Taylor, born Jeoffrey Phibbs, poet (born 1900 in England).

{{Years in Ireland}}

{{Year in Europe|1956}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1956 in Ireland}}

Category:1950s in Ireland

Ireland

Category:Years of the 20th century in Ireland