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1958 Soviet nuclear tests

{{short description|none}}

{{See also|List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union}}

{{Infobox nuclear weapons test

|name = 1958

|picture = Nuclear Blast Animation Rising Mushroom Cloud.gif

|picture_description = Nuclear blast animation

|country = Soviet Union

|test_site = Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia; Western Kazakhstan

|period = 1958

|number_of_tests = 36

|test_type = air drop, atmospheric, high alt rocket (30–80 km)

|max_yield = {{convert|2.9|MtTNT|lk=in}}

|previous_series = 1957 Soviet nuclear tests

|next_series = 1961 Soviet nuclear tests

}}

{{GeoGroup|article=1958 Soviet nuclear tests}}

The Soviet Union's 1958 nuclear test series was a group of 36 nuclear tests conducted in 1958. These tests followed the 1957 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1961 Soviet nuclear tests series.

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ Soviet Union's 1958 series tests and detonations

style="background:#ffdead;" | Name The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun. A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known.

!style="background:#efefef;" | Date time (UT)

!style="background:#ffdead;" | Local time zoneTo convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day. Historical time zone data obtained from the IANA time zone database.{{cite web| title=Time Zone Historical Database| publisher=iana.com| url=http://www.ietf.org/timezones/| accessdate=March 8, 2014}}

!style="background:#efefef;" | LocationRough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area.

!style="background:#ffdead;" | Elevation + height Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together.

!style="background:#efefef;" | Delivery, Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.
Purpose Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down.

!style="background:#efefef;" | DeviceDesignations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed.

!style="background:#ffdead;" | YieldEstimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie).

!style="background:#efefef;" class="unsortable" | FalloutRadioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released.

!style="background:#ffdead;" class="unsortable" | References

!style="background:#efefef;" class="unsortable" | Notes

50 (Joe 44){{anchor|50 (Joe 44)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|1|4}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=50 (Joe 44)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000680

}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} + {{convert|400|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000013000|1.3 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 51 (Joe 45){{anchor|51 (Joe 45)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|1|17}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=51 (Joe 45)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000500|}}N/A + {{convert|500|m|abbr=on}}

| atmospheric,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000005000|500 t}}

|

|

|

|-

! 52 (Joe 46){{anchor|52 (Joe 46)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|2|23}}

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|74.3|53.8|name=52 (Joe 46)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|002500|}}0 + {{convert|2500|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| Product-49 TN R-12 Dvina Missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|008600000|860 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 53 (Joe 47){{anchor|53 (Joe 47)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|2|27}} 07:59:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|74.4|53.6|name=53 (Joe 47)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|002500|}}0 + {{convert|2500|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| TN

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|002500000|250 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 54 (Joe 48){{anchor|54 (Joe 48)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|2|27}} 10:24:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|74.3|54|name=54 (Joe 48)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000000|}}0 +

| air drop,
weapons development

| Product-255 TN R-13 warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|015000000|1.5 Mt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 55 (Joe 49){{anchor|55 (Joe 49)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|13}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=55 (Joe 49)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000755|}}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} + {{convert|475|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000012000|1.2 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! unnumbered #2{{anchor|unnumbered #2}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|13}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=unnumbered #2|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000280|}}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} +

| atmospheric,

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 0.001 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 56 (Joe 51){{anchor|56 (Joe 51)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|14}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=56 (Joe 51)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001310|}}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} + {{convert|1030|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000350000|35 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 57 (Joe 50){{anchor|57 (Joe 50)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|14}}

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|74.25|54.33|name=57 (Joe 50)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000000|}}0 +

| air drop,
fundamental science

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000400000|40 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 58 (Joe 52){{anchor|58 (Joe 52)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|15}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=58 (Joe 52)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001245|}}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} + {{convert|965|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000140000|14 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! unnumbered #3{{anchor|unnumbered #3}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|15}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=unnumbered #3|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000280|}}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} +

| atmospheric,

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|no yield}}

|

|

|

|-

! 59{{anchor|59}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|18}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=59|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000570|}}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} + {{convert|290|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
fundamental science

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000001600|160 t}}

|

|

|

|-

! 60 (Joe 53){{anchor|60 (Joe 53)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|20}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=60 (Joe 53)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001295|}}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} + {{convert|1015|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000120000|12 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 61 (Joe 54){{anchor|61 (Joe 54)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|21}}

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|74|60|name=61 (Joe 54)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|002500|}}0 + {{convert|2500|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| Product-49 TN R-12 Missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|006500000|650 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 62 (Joe 55){{anchor|62 (Joe 55)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|3|22}}

| style="text-align:center;" | ALMT (6 hrs)
|| Ground Zero, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|50.4|77.8|name=62 (Joe 55)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001695|}}{{convert|280|m|abbr=on}} + {{convert|1415|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000180000|18 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 63 (Joe 56){{anchor|63 (Joe 56)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|9|30}} 07:50:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|73.75|54.75|name=63 (Joe 56)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001500|}}0 + {{convert|1500|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| Product-49 TN R-12 Dvina missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|012000000|1.2 Mt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 64 (Joe 57){{anchor|64 (Joe 57)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|9|30}} 09:55:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|73.4|55|name=64 (Joe 57)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|002500|}}0 + {{convert|2500|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| Product-49 TN R-12 missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|009000000|900 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 65 (Joe 58){{anchor|65 (Joe 58)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|2}} 08:00:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia ~ {{coord|73|55|name=65 (Joe 58)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001620|}}0 + {{convert|1620|m|abbr=on}}

| atmospheric,
weapons development

| TN

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|002900000|290 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 66 (Joe 59){{anchor|66 (Joe 59)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|2}} 09:01:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|73.63|57.5|name=66 (Joe 59)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000000|}}0 +

| atmospheric,
fundamental science

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000400000|40 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 67 (Joe 60){{anchor|67 (Joe 60)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|4}}

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia ~ {{coord|73|55|name=67 (Joe 60)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000800|}}0 + {{convert|800|m|abbr=on}}

| atmospheric,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000090000|9 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 68 (Joe 61){{anchor|68 (Joe 61)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|5}} 06:00:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia ~ {{coord|73|55|name=68 (Joe 61)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001200|}}0 + {{convert|1200|m|abbr=on}}

| atmospheric,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000150000|15 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 69 (Joe 62){{anchor|69 (Joe 62)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|6}}

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia ~ {{coord|73|55|name=69 (Joe 62)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001200|}}0 + {{convert|1200|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000055000|5.5 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 70 (Joe 63){{anchor|70 (Joe 63)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|10}} 07:51:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|73.63|54.25|name=70 (Joe 63)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000000|}}0 +

| air drop,
weapons development

| TN

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000680000|68 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 71 (Joe 64){{anchor|71 (Joe 64)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|12}} 07:53:34

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|74.93|53.32|name=71 (Joe 64)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000000|}}0 +

| air drop,
weapons development

| Product-255 TN R-13 missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|014500000|1.5 Mt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 72 (Joe 65){{anchor|72 (Joe 65)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|15}} 07:51:14

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|74|51.8|name=72 (Joe 65)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|002150|}}0 + {{convert|2150|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| Product-255 TN R-13 Missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|015000000|1.5 Mt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 73 (Joe 66){{anchor|73 (Joe 66)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|18}} 09:51:06

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|73.97|52.47|name=73 (Joe 66)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000000|}}0 +

| air drop,
weapons development

| RDS-46 TN R-7 Semyorka missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|029000000|2.9 Mt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 75 (Joe 67){{anchor|75 (Joe 67)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|19}}

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia ~ {{coord|73|55|name=75 (Joe 67)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000900|}}0 + {{convert|900|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 0.001 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 74{{anchor|74}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|19}} 07:27:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia ~ {{coord|73|55|name=74|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000000|}}0 +

| air drop,
fundamental science

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000400000|40 kt}}

|

|

| A fizzle.

|-

! 76 (Joe 68){{anchor|76 (Joe 68)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|20}} 08:20:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|73.58|54.3|name=76 (Joe 68)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000000|}}0 +

| air drop,
weapons development

| TN

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|004400000|440 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 77 (Joe 69){{anchor|77 (Joe 69)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|21}}

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia ~ {{coord|73|55|name=77 (Joe 69)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000570|}}0 + {{convert|570|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000020000|2 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 78 (Joe 70){{anchor|78 (Joe 70)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|22}} 08:21:04

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|73.53|53.1|name=78 (Joe 70)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|002070|}}0 + {{convert|2070|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| RDS-46 TN R-7 Missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|028000000|2.8 Mt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 79 (Joe 71){{anchor|79 (Joe 71)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|24}} 08:03:06

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|73.68|54.97|name=79 (Joe 71)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001525|}}0 + {{convert|1525|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| Product-49 TN R-12 missile warhead

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|010000000|1 Mt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 81{{anchor|81}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|25}}

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia ~ {{coord|73|55|name=81|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000300|}}0 + {{convert|300|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
fundamental science

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000500|50 t}}

|

|

|

|-

! 80 (Joe 72){{anchor|80 (Joe 72)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|10|25}} 08:20:??

| style="text-align:center;" | MSK (3 hrs)
|| NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia {{coord|74|55|name=80 (Joe 72)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001500|}}0 + {{convert|1500|m|abbr=on}}

| air drop,
weapons development

| TN

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|001900000|190 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! 82 (Joe 73){{anchor|82 (Joe 73)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|11|1}}

| style="text-align:center;" | URAT (5 hrs)
|| Launch from Kapustin Yar, Astrakhan {{coord|48.56956|45.90346|name=Launch_82 (Joe 73)|display=inline}}, elv: {{convert|0|+|0|m|abbr=on}};
Detonation over Western Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|49.3|48|name=82 (Joe 73)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|012000|}}N/A + {{convert|12|km}}

| high alt rocket (30–80 km),
weapon effect

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000100000|10 kt}}

|

|

| Fired after agreed upon end of testing, caused Eisenhower to formally abrogate unilateral test ban, but US maintained ban anyway. R-5M rocket.

|-

! 83 (Joe 74){{anchor|83 (Joe 74)}}

| {{dts|format=dmy|1958|11|3}}

| style="text-align:center;" | URAT (5 hrs)
|| Launch from Kapustin Yar, Astrakhan {{coord|48.56956|45.90346|name=Launch_83 (Joe 74)|display=inline}}, elv: {{convert|0|+|0|m|abbr=on}};
Detonation over Western Kazakhstan ~ {{coord|49.3|48|name=83 (Joe 74)|display=inline}}

| {{sort|012000|}}N/A + {{convert|12|km}}

| high alt rocket (30–80 km),
weapon effect

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000100000|10 kt}}

|

|

| Fired after agreed upon end of testing, caused Eisenhower to formally abrogate unilateral test ban, but US maintained ban anyway. R-5M rocket.

|}

{{reflist|group=note}}

References

{{reflist|refs=

{{cite book| publisher=RFNC-VNIIEF| year=1996| title=USSR Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions 1949 through 1990| location=Sarov, Russia}} The official Russian list of Soviet tests.

{{cite book| editor-last=Podvig| editor-first=Pavel| year=2001| title=Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces| publisher=MIT Press| location=Cambridge, MA| isbn=9780262661812| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CPRVbYDc-7kC&pg=PA453| accessdate=January 9, 2014}}

{{cite tech report| title=Nuclear explosions in the USSR: The North Test Site reference material, version 4| date=December 1, 2004| publisher=IAEA Dept. of Nuclear Safety and Security| url=http://www-ns.iaea.org/downloads/rw/waste-safety/north-test-site-final.pdf| accessdate=December 13, 2013}}

{{cite tech report|last1=Andrushkin |first1=Vitaly V. |first2=William |last2=Leith |date=September 1, 2001 |title=The containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions |publisher=USGS |type=Open File Report 01-312 |url=http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf |accessdate=December 13, 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509080818/http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf |archivedate=May 9, 2013 }}

{{cite tech report|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency| series=National Intelligence Estimate 11-2A-62| url=http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/89801/DOC_0000843187.pdf|title=Soviet Atomic Energy Program| accessdate=August 12, 2014| date=May 16, 1962}}

{{cite tech report| last1=Yang| first1=Xiaoping| first2=Robert| last2=North| first3=Carl| last3=Romney|date=August 2000| title=CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3)| publisher=SMDC Monitoring Research}}

{{cite book| publisher=RFNC-VNIIEF| year=1998| title=USSR Nuclear Tests, Hydronuclear Experiments, Plutonium Inventory| location=Sarov, Russia}}

{{cite book| last1=Cochran| first1=Thomas B.| last2=Arkin| first2=William M.| first3=Robert S.| last3=Norris| first4=Jeffrey I.| last4=Sands| title=Nuclear Weapons Databook Vol. IV: Soviet Nuclear Weapons| publisher=Harper and Row| location=New York, NY}}

{{cite journal| last1=Donn| first1=William L.| last2=Ewing| first2=Maurice| year=1962| title=Atmospheric waves from nuclear explosions| journal=Journal of Geophysical Research| volume=67| issue=5| pages=1855–1866 | doi = 10.1029/jz067i005p01855| bibcode=1962JGR....67.1855D}}

{{cite journal| journal=Science and Global Security| volume=13| number=1| doi=10.1080/08929880590961862| title=A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya Zemlya, 1955--1990| first1=Vitaly I.| last1=Khalturin| first2=Tatyana G.| last2=Rautian|first3=Paul G.|last3=Richards|first4=William S.| last4=Leith| url=http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~richards/my_papers/khalturin_NZ_1-42%20.pdf| accessdate=August 12, 2014| date=10 April 2004| pages=1–42| bibcode=2005S&GS...13....1K| s2cid=122069080}}

}}

1958

Category:1958 in the Soviet Union

Category:1958 in military history

Category:Explosions in 1958