1968 Spanish Guinean general election

{{short description|None}}

{{use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}

{{Infobox election

| election_name = 1968 Spanish Guinean general election

| country = Spanish Guinea

| registered = 137,755

| module = {{Infobox election

| embed = yes

| election_name = Presidential election

| type = presidential

| election_date = 22 September 1968 (first round)
{{nowrap|29 September 1968 (second round)}}

| turnout = 67.48% (first round)
79.20% (second round)

| next_election = 1989 Equatorial Guinean presidential election

| next_year = 1989

| image1 = Don Francisco Macias.jpg

| candidate1 = Francisco Macías Nguema

| party1 = IPGE

| popular_vote1 = 68,310

| percentage1 = 62.35%

| image2 = Bonifacio Ondo Edu.jpg

| candidate2 = Bonifacio Ondó Edú

| party2 = MUNGE

| popular_vote2 = 41,254

| percentage2 = 37.65%

| title = President

| before_election =

| before_party =

| map = {{Switcher

| 300px

| First round results by district

| 300px

| Second round results by district|default=2}}

| posttitle = Elected President

| after_election = Francisco Macías Nguema

| after_party = Popular Idea

| module = {{Infobox legislative election

| embed = yes

| election_name = Parliamentary election

| type = legislative

| vote_type = Popular

| previous_election = 1964

| next_election = 1973

| seats_for_election = All 35 seats in the National Assembly

| majority_seats = 18

| election_date = 22 September 1968

| first_election = yes

| noleader = yes

| party1 = National Liberation Movement

| color1 = #FFD700

| percentage1 = 46.50

| seats1 = 16

| party2 = National Unity Movement

| percentage2 = 38.99

| seats2 = 10

| party3 = Popular Idea

| percentage3 = 9.11

| seats3 = 2

| party4 = Bubi Union

| percentage4 = 5.40

| seats4 = 7

| color4 = #005488

| map = Elecciones legislativas de Guinea Ecuatorial de 1968 - Resultados por circunscripción.svg

| map_caption = Results by constituency.

}}}}}}{{Politics of Equatorial Guinea}}

General elections were held in Spanish Guinea on 22 September 1968 to elect a President and National Assembly that would lead the country when it gained independence as Equatorial Guinea later that year. A second round of the presidential election was held on 29 September.

Francisco Macías Nguema of the Popular Idea led the field in the first round, advancing to a runoff with Prime Minister Bonifacio Ondó Edú. With the endorsement of eliminated candidates Atanasio Ndongo and Edmundo Bossio, Macías Nguema defeated Ondó Edú in the runoff. Ondó Edú's National Unity Movement and Ndongo's National Liberation Movement won ten seats each in the National Assembly, while the Popular Idea won eight.[http://africanelections.tripod.com/gq.html Elections in Equatorial Guinea] African Elections Database Voter turnout was 67 percent in the first round and 79 percent in the second round.

After Macias Nguema's victory, he appointed Ndongo as Equatorial Guinea's first Foreign Minister and Bossio as Vice-President, while he ordered Ondó Edú's execution shortly after independence. To date, it has been the only free election ever held in Equatorial Guinea. Over the next four years, Macias Nguema consolidated his power step by step; in 1970 he set up the United National Workers' Party as the only legally permitted party in the country and by 1972 he had declared himself President for Life with dictatorial powers. As a result, the 1968 elections would be the last contested elections held in the country until 1993.