1968 in Israel

• President of Israel – Zalman Shazar
• Prime Minister of Israel – Levi Eshkol (Alignment)
• President of the Supreme Court – Shimon Agranat (1965–1976)
• Chief of General Staff – Haim Bar-Lev
• Government of Israel – 13th Government of Israel

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• 1 January – Haim Bar-Lev is appointed as the eighth Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces.
• 25 January – The Israeli submarine INS Dakar sinks in the Mediterranean Sea, killing 69.
• 2 May – The Israel Broadcasting Authority commences television broadcasts.
• 13 August – Israel's Knesset passes the Basic Law: The Government.
• 28 December – 1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon: Commandos from the IDF's elite Sayeret Matkal destroy 13 civilian airplanes in the Beirut International Airport belonging to Middle East Airlines (MEA) in response to the attack on the Israeli airliner in Athens. There are no casualties reported.Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs (13 August 2000). [http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Foreign+Relations/Israels+Foreign+Relations+since+1947/1947-1974/THE+WAR+OF+ATTRITION+AND+THE+CEASE+FIRE+-+INTRODUC.htm "THE WAR OF ATTRITION AND THE CEASE FIRE - INTRODUCTION"]. Retrieved 30 May 2008.

The most prominent events related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict which occurred during 1968 include:

• 20 December - Lieutenant-Colonel Zvi Ofer (Tzvika Ofer), commander of the elite Haruv unit, former Military Governor of Nablus and recipient of the Israeli medal of valour, is killed in action in Wadi Qelt, west of Jericho, while in pursuit of militants who had crossed the Jordan.Teveth, Shabtai (1969/1970) The Cursed Blessing. The story of Israel's occupation of the West Bank. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. SBN 297 00150 7. Translated from Hebrew by Myra Bank. Page 347.

Notable Israeli military operations against Palestinian militancy targets

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The most prominent Israeli military counter-terrorism operations (military campaigns and military operations) carried out against Palestinian militants during 1968 include:

• 21 March – The Battle of Karameh takes place in the town of Karameh, Jordan between IDF forces and combined forces of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Jordanian Army.

Notable Palestinian militant operations against Israeli targets

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{{Main|Palestinian political violence#Establishment of PLO to First Intifada (1964–1987)}}

The most prominent Palestinian terror attacks committed against Israelis during 1968 include:

• 23 July – El Al Flight 426 hijacking: The only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft takes place, when a Boeing 707 carrying ten crew members and 38 passengers is taken over by three terrorists of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). The aircraft, El Al Flight 426, which was en route from Rome to Tel Aviv, is diverted to Algiers by the hijackers. Negotiations with the hijackers lasted for 40 days. Both the hijackers and the passengers, including 21 Israeli hostages, were eventually freed.{{Cite magazine | url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,942267-2,00.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930041701/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,942267-2,00.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=30 September 2007 | title=Drama of the Desert: The Week of the Hostages | date=21 September 1970|accessdate=7 May 2007 |magazine=TIME }}
• 4 September 1968, Terrorists bomb Tel Aviv central bus station killing 1 and injuring 51.{{cite news|title=Tel Aviv Bombings Kill One and Hurt 24|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/11/07/archives/tel-aviv-bombings-kill-one-and-hurt-24-2-blasts-rock-central-bus.html?_r=0|accessdate=16 February 2017|agency=AP|work=The New York Times|date=7 November 1970}}{{cite news|title=Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Terrorists Bomb Tel Aviv Bus Terminal|publisher=Hartford Courant|date=5 September 1968|id={{ProQuest|549925152}}}}
• 26 December – El Al Flight 253 attack: Two PFLP militants attack an attacked an El Al plane about to depart at the Athens International Airport, firing a submachine gun and throwing grenades at the plane as it sat on the runway warming up prior to take off. An Israeli mechanic was killed in the attack and two others were injured.Chronologies of modern terrorism. Barry Rubin, Barry M. Rubin, Judith Colp Rubin. pg 185

• The founding of the moshav Givat Yoav.

• 8 November – Zehava Ben, Israeli singer.
• 14 December – Yotam Ottolenghi, chef
• 28 December – Lior Ashkenazi, Israeli screen and stage actor.

• 11 January – Moshe Zvi Segal (born 1876), Russian (Lithuania)-born Israeli linguist and Talmudic scholar.
• 1 February – Jacob van der Hoeden (born 1891), Dutch-born Israeli veterinary scientist.
• 26 September – Lipman Heilprin (born 1902), Russian (Poland)-born Israeli physician.
• 20 December – Zvi Ofer (born 1932) Israeli soldier, former military governor of Nablus.

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• 1968 in Israeli film
• 1968 in Israeli television
• 1968 in Israeli music
• 1968 in Israeli sport
• Israel at the 1968 Summer Olympics

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