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1976 Portuguese presidential election

{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox election

|country = Portugal

|type = presidential

|previous_election = 1972 Portuguese presidential election

|previous_year = 1972

|next_election = 1980 Portuguese presidential election

|next_year = 1980

|election_date = 27 June 1976

|turnout = 75.47%

|image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Ramalho Eanes, North Portico, 1983.jpg|bSize = 145|cWidth = 110|cHeight = 150|oTop = 0|oLeft = 18}}

|colour1 = ff0081

|candidate1 = António Ramalho Eanes

|party1 = Independent{{efn|name=Eanes}}

|popular_vote1 = 2,967,137

|percentage1 = 61.59%

|image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho1976.jpg|bSize = 130|cWidth = 110|cHeight = 150|oTop = 10|oLeft = 10}}

|colour2 = 810000

|candidate2 = Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho

|party2 = Independent{{efn|name=Otelo}}

|popular_vote2 = 792,760

|percentage2 = 16.46%

|image4 =

IND

|candidate4 = José Pinheiro de Azevedo

|colour4 = 777777

|party4 = Independent politician

|popular_vote4 = 692,147

|percentage4 = 14.37%

|image5 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Octávio Pato.png|bSize = 150|cWidth = 110|cHeight = 150|oTop = 0|oLeft = 20}}

|candidate5 = Octávio Pato

|party5 = Portuguese Communist Party

|popular_vote5 = 365,586

|percentage5 = 7.59%

| map_image = {{switcher

|220px

|Results by district

|220px

|Results by municipality

}}

| map_caption ={{col-begin}}

{{col-3}}

Eanes

{{legend|#fad6e4|30-40%}}

{{legend|#eea3c1|40-50%}}

{{legend|#e66f9e|50-60%}}

{{legend|#db3577|60-70%}}

{{legend|#c6175d|70-80%}}

{{legend|#a60042|80-90%}}

{{legend|#7e0032|>90%}}

{{col-3}}

Carvalho

{{legend|#ff7644|30-40%}}

{{legend|#f8581e|40-50%}}

{{legend|#CD3700|50-60%}}

{{legend|#973714|60-70%}}

{{col-3}}

Pato

{{legend|#d78281|30-40%}}

{{legend|#cc5e5d|40-50%}}

{{col-end}}

|title = President

|before_election = Francisco da Costa Gomes

|before_party = Independent politician

|after_election = António Ramalho Eanes

|after_party = Independent politician

}}

Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 27 June 1976.

With a broad base of support that comprised the center-left and the center-right, Ramalho Eanes won the election on the first round and became the first elected President of Portugal after the Carnation Revolution.

The Portuguese Communist Party presented its own candidate, Octávio Pato, a well known anti-fascist. One of the major responsibles for the military operations during the Carnation Revolution, in 1974, Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho, was also a candidate.

Electoral system

Any Portuguese citizen over 35 years old has the opportunity to run for president. In order to do so it is necessary to gather between 7,500 and 15,000 signatures and submit them to the Portuguese Constitutional Court.

According to the Portuguese Constitution, to be elected, a candidate needs a majority of votes. If no candidate gets this majority there will take place a second round between the two most voted candidates.

Candidates

=Official candidates=

= Unsuccessful candidacies =

There was also one candidate rejected by the Portuguese Constitutional Court for not complying with the legal requirements:

  • Venceslau Pompílio da Cruz;

Campaign period

=Party slogans=

class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%; text-align:left;"
style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| Candidate

! Original slogan

! English translation

! Refs

width="1" bgcolor="#ff0081"|

| António Ramalho Eanes

| « Muitos prometem... Eanes cumpre »
« Candidato de Portugal »

| "Many promise ... Eanes delivers"
"Portugal's Candidate"

| {{cite news |url=https://acervo.publico.pt/multimedia/infografia/os-cartazes-das-eleicoes-presidenciais-desde-1976-182|title=Os cartazes das eleições presidenciais desde 1976 |language=pt |work=Público |access-date=26 May 2020}}

bgcolor="#810000"|

| Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho

| « O 25 de Abril à Presidência »

| "April 25 to the Presidency"

|

bgcolor="#777777"|

| José Pinheiro de Azevedo

| « Vota Pinheiro de Azevedo »

| "Vote Pinheiro de Azevedo"

|

bgcolor="red"|

| Octávio Pato

| « Pela democracia e o socialismo »

| "For democracy and socialism"

|

=Candidates' debates=

class="wikitable" style="font-size:98%; text-align:center;"
colspan="21"| 1976 Portuguese presidential election debates
rowspan="3"| Date

! rowspan="3"| Organisers

! rowspan="3"| Moderator(s)

! colspan="18"| {{small|  }} {{Colors|black|#D0FFD0| P }} {{small|Present  }} {{Colors|black|#ffffdd| A }} {{small|Absent invitee}} {{Colors|black|#FFD0D0| N }} {{small|Non-invitee }}

scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Eanes

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Otelo

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Azevedo

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Pato

! rowspan="2"| Refs

style="background:#ff0081;"|

! style="background:#810000;"|

! style="background:#777777;"|

! style="background:red;"|

style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| 9 Jun 1976

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| RTP1

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| Joaquim Letria

| style="background:#D0FFD0;"|P

| style="background:#D0FFD0;"|P

| style="background:#D0FFD0;"|P

| style="background:#D0FFD0;"|P

| {{cite news |date=9 June 1976 |url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/confronto-4-candidatos-para-belem-parte-i/|title=Confronto: 4 Candidatos para Belém – Parte I|language=pt |work=RTP|access-date=26 May 2020}}{{cite news |date=9 June 1976 |url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/confronto-4-candidatos-para-belem-parte-ii/|title=Confronto: 4 Candidatos para Belém – Parte II|language=pt |work=RTP|access-date=26 May 2020}}{{cite news |date=9 June 1976 |url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/confronto-4-candidatos-para-belem-parte-iii/|title=Confronto: 4 Candidatos para Belém – Parte III|language=pt |work=RTP|access-date=26 May 2020}}

Opinion polls

class="wikitable unsortable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;line-height:14px;"

! rowspan="2" |Polling firm

! rowspan="2" |Date conducted

! rowspan="2" |Sample
size

! width=60px | Eanes

! width=60px | Otelo

! width=60px | Azevedo

! width=60px | Pato

! rowspan=2 width=60px | Others

! rowspan=2 width=25px | Lead

bgcolor=#ff0081 |

| bgcolor=#810000 |

! style="background:#777777;"|

! style="background:red;"|

colspan="9" style="background:#A0A0A0"|
style="background:#EFEFEF;"

| Election results

| 26 Jun 1976

| {{N/A}}

| bgcolor=pink |61.6

| 16.5

| 14.4

| 7.6

| {{center|—}}

| style="background:#ff0081; color:white;"|45.1

colspan="9" style="background:#A0A0A0"|
[https://repositorio.ipl.pt/bitstream/10400.21/2932/1/tese_doutoramento.pdf Expresso]{{efn|name=Expresso}}

| 9 Jun 1976

| {{N/A}}

| bgcolor=pink |53.2

| 17.7

| 22.6

| 4.8

| 1.7

| style="background:#ff0081; color:white;"|30.6

Results

{{Election results

|cand1=António Ramalho Eanes|colour1=#ff0081|party1=Independent {{small|supported by the PS, PSD, CDS and the PCTP}}|votes1=2967137

|cand2=Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho|colour2=#810000|party2=Independent {{small|supported by the UDP, MES, FSP and the PRP-BR}}|votes2=792760

|cand3=José Pinheiro de Azevedo|colour3=#777777|party3=Independent|votes3=692147

|cand4=Octávio Pato|party4=Portuguese Communist Party|votes4=365586

|blank=43242

|invalid=20253

|electorate=6467480

|source=[https://www.cne.pt/sites/default/files/dl/resultados_pr_1976.pdf Comissão Nacional de Eleições]

}}

=Results by district=

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right; font-size:95%"
colspan="2" rowspan="2" | District

! colspan="2" | Eanes

! colspan="2" | Otelo

! colspan="2" | Azevedo

! colspan="2" | Pato

! rowspan="2" | Turnout

Votes

! %

! Votes

! %

! Votes

! %

! Votes

! %

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Aveiro

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 217,589

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 74.47%

| 20,634

| 6.97%

| 46,346

| 15.86%

| 7,866

| 2.69%

| 77.38%

style="background:#DE98B2 |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Azores

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 30,646

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 86.06%

| 9,510

| 9.01%

| 17,076

| 16.18%

| 2,562

| 2.43%

| 71.13%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Beja

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 36,219

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 34.59%

| 34,339

| 32.80%

| 7,296

| 6.97%

| 26,844

| 25.64%

| 74.37%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Braga

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 218,459

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 70.20%

| 25,089

| 8.06%

| 59,093

| 18.99%

| 8,550

| 2.75%

| 82.34%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Bragança

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 67,593

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 82.59%

| 2,725

| 3.33%

| 9,357

| 11.43%

| 2,167

| 2.65%

| 68.71%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Castelo Branco

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 98,828

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 76.25%

| 14,393

| 11.33%

| 10,927

| 8.61%

| 4,833

| 3.81%

| 73.66%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Coimbra

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 147,906

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 71.93%

| 19,801

| 9.63%

| 29,038

| 14.12%

| 8,887

| 4.32%

| 67.51%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Évora

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 39,847

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 36.03%

| 38,509

| 34.82%

| 10,500

| 9.50%

| 21,726

| 19.65%

| 81.28%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Faro

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 87,590

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 52.88%

| 41,018

| 24.76%

| 24,331

| 14.69%

| 12,698

| 7.67%

| 70.81%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Guarda

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 88,451

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 82.87%

| 4,528

| 4.24%

| 11,194

| 10.49%

| 2,558

| 2.40%

| 72.64%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Leiria

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 156,404

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 76.63%

| 18,682

| 9.15%

| 20,109

| 9.85%

| 8,915

| 4.37%

| 73.26%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Lisbon

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 582,103

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 53.55%

| 259,915

| 23.91%

| 132,600

| 12.20%

| 112,395

| 10.34%

| 75.93%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Madeira

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 76,417

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 72.39%

| 9,510

| 9.01%

| 17,076

| 16.18%

| 2,562

| 2.43%

| 74.81%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Portalegre

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 47,665

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 56.12%

| 14,122

| 16.63%

| 10,893

| 12.82%

| 12,258

| 14.43%

| 78.24%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Porto

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 450,236

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 60.43%

| 86,356

| 11.59%

| 169,940

| 22.81%

| 38,548

| 5.17%

| 80.76%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Santarém

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 141,397

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 58.68%

| 48,370

| 20.07%

| 31,564

| 13.10%

| 19,634

| 8.15%

| 73.53%

style="background:#ff3939;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Setúbal

| 96,739

| 29.87%

| style="background:#ff3939; color:#000;" | 135,495

| style="background:#ff3939; color:#000;" | 41.83%

| 31,166

| 9.62%

| 60,519

| 18.68%

| 77.78%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Viana do Castelo

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 87,136

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 74.64%

| 8,075

| 6.92%

| 17,174

| 14.71%

| 4,362

| 3.74%

| 72.36%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Vila Real

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 91,261

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 81.59%

| 4,552

| 4.07%

| 12,604

| 11.27%

| 3,433

| 3.07%

| 67.59%

style="background:#DE98B2;" |  

| style="text-align:left;" | Viseu

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 155,520

| style="background:#DE98B2; color:#000;" | 81.19%

| 7,447

| 3.90%

| 25,071

| 13.09%

| 3,490

| 1.82%

| 69.81%

class="sortbottom"

| colspan="11" style="text-align:left;" | Source: [https://www.sg.mai.gov.pt/AdministracaoEleitoral/EleicoesReferendos/PresidenciaRepublica/Paginas/default.aspx?FirstOpen=1 SGMAI Presidential Election Results]

=Maps=

File:Eleições presidenciais 1976 Portugal.png|Strongest candidate by electoral district.

File:Eleições presidenciais portuguesas de 1976 (Mapa).png|Strongest candidate by municipality: Eanes - magenta; Otelo - dark red; Octávio Pato - red.

Notes

{{notelist

| refs =

{{efn

| name = Eanes

| Independent supported by the Socialist Party (PS), Social Democratic Party (PSD), Democratic Social Center (CDS) and the Portuguese Workers' Communist Party (PCTP).

}}

{{efn

| name = Expresso

| Results presented here exclude undecideds (27%), did not respond (10%) and vote none (1%). With their inclusion results are: António Ramalho Eanes: 33%; Pinheiro de Azevedo: 14%; Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho: 11%; Octávio Pato: 3%; Venceslau Pompílio da Cruz: 1%.

}}

{{efn

| name = Otelo

| Independent supported by the Popular Democratic Union (UDP), Movement of Socialist Left (MES), People's Socialist Front (FSP) and the Revolutionary Party of the Proletariat – Revolutionary Brigades (PRP-BR).

}}

}}

References

{{reflist}}

External links

  • [http://www.cne.pt National Election Commission]

{{Portuguese presidential elections}}

{{Portuguese elections}}

Category:Presidential elections in Portugal

Presidential

Portugal