199
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{{About year|199}}
{{Year nav|199}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
Year 199 (CXCIX) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was sometimes known as year 952 Ab urbe condita. The denomination 199 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
= By place =
== Roman Empire ==
- Mesopotamia is partitioned into two Roman provinces divided by the Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Osroene.{{cite book|last1=Boatwright|first1=Mary Taliaferro|last2=Gargola|first2=Daniel J.|last3=Talbert|first3=Richard J. A.|title=The Romans: from village to empire|year=2004|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-511875-9|page=410|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lBoAAAAMAAJ&q=Mesopotamia+and+Osroene+provinces+199}}
- Emperor Septimius Severus lays siege to the city-state Hatra in Central-Mesopotamia, but fails to capture the city despite breaching the walls.{{cite book|last=Kohn|first=George C.|title=Dictionary of wars|year=2007|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-0-8160-6577-6|page=451|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC&dq=Septimius+Severus+captures+Hatra+199&pg=PT463|edition=3rd}}{{cite book|last=Bunson|first=Matthew|title=Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire|year=2002|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-0-8160-4562-4|page=252|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T5tic2VunRoC&dq=Septimius+Severus+captures+Hatra+199&pg=PA252|edition=2nd}}
- Two new legions, I Parthica and III Parthica, are formed as a permanent garrison.{{cite book|last=Erdkamp|first=Paul|title=A Companion to the Roman Army|year=2010|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|isbn=978-1-4443-3921-5|page=272|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1D612o_X2VYC&dq=Legio+I+Parthica+and+III+Parthica+are+formed&pg=PA272}}
== China ==
- Battle of Yijing: Chinese warlord Yuan Shao defeats Gongsun Zan.
== Korea ==
- Geodeung succeeds Suro of Geumgwan Gaya, as king of the Korean kingdom of Gaya (traditional date).
= By topic =
== Religion ==
- Pope Zephyrinus succeeds Pope Victor I, as the 15th pope.{{cite book|last=Bunson|first=Matthew|title=OSV's encyclopedia of Catholic history|year=2004|publisher=Our Sunday Visitor Publishing|isbn=978-1-59276-026-8|pages=986–987|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dWpO1--eMrYC&dq=Pope+Zephyrinus+succeeds+Victor+I+199&pg=PA986}}
Births
Deaths
- February 7
- Gao Shun, Chinese general and advisor
- Lü Bu, Chinese general and warlord
- Chen Gong
- Chen Ji, Chinese official, scholar and politician
- Gongsun Zan, Chinese general and warlord{{cite book|last=Huang|first=Hongquan|title=Anthology of Song Dynasty Ci-poetry|year=1988|publisher=People's Liberation Army Pub. House|page=542|isbn=9787506506663|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NdRHAAAAMAAJ&q=killed+Gongsun+Zan}}
- Qin Yilu (or Qin Yi), Chinese general
- Suro of Geumgwan Gaya, Korean ruler
- Tian Kai, Chinese official and general
- Yuan Shu, Chinese general and warlord{{cite book|last=Léon|first=Wieger|editor=Werner, Edward Theodore Chalmers|title=China throughout the ages|year=1928|publisher=Hsien Press|page=449|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gtcBAAAAMAAJ&q=Yuan+Shu+died+199}}