1991 North Indian Ocean cyclone season#Depression BOB 05

During 1991 the India Meteorological Department officially monitored eight cyclonic disturbances, which included five depressions and three cyclonic storms.{{cite report|type=Report on Cyclonic Disturbances (Depressions and Tropical Cyclones) over North Indian Ocean in 1991 |pages=4 |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/archive/rsmc/1991.pdf |date=January 1992 |title=Bangladesh Cyclone, April 24–30 1991 |publisher=India Meteorological Department |url-status=live |accessdate=January 15, 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100704/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/archive/rsmc/1991.pdf |archivedate=March 4, 2016 }}{{cite report|publisher=India Meteorological Department |title=Report on Cyclonic Disturbances (Depressions and Tropical Cyclones) over North Indian Ocean in 1991 |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |url-status=live |pages=5–6 |date=January 1992 |accessdate=March 27, 2016 |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/archive/rsmc/1991.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100704/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/archive/rsmc/1991.pdf }} For the sixth and final year in a row, there was no cyclonic storms officially monitored within the Arabian Sea. However, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center unofficially monitored a tropical storm within the Arabian Sea, during January that posed a direct threat to Coalition forces in the buildup to the Gulf War. The first official system of the season was the strongest, deadliest, and most damaging system of the season

{{Main|1991 Bangladesh cyclone}}

{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Formed=April 22

|Dissipated=April 30

|Image=BOB 01 Apr 29 1991 1200Z.png

|Track=1991 Bangladesh cyclone track.png

|3-min winds=127

|1-min winds=140

|Pressure=920

}}

BOB 01, tracked by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center as 02B, hit Bangladesh on April 29 as a strong cyclone. It brought a tremendous storm surge and massive wind damage, resulting in the deaths of over 138,000 people. BOB 01 was the deadliest cyclone on Earth since the 1970 Bhola Cyclone. It also destroyed an estimated 1 million homes, leaving as many as 10 million people (a substantial portion of the country's population) homeless.

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Formed=May 30

|Dissipated=June 3

|Image=03B Jun 2 1991 0113Z.png

|Track=Cyclone 03B 1991 track.png

|3-min winds=45

|1-min winds=50

|Pressure=990

}}

On May 30, a depression formed in the Bay of Bengal. It moved north-northeastward and strengthened to a 60 mph tropical storm on June 2. BOB 02 affected the same region as the super cyclonic storm nearly a month earlier. Although the storm disrupted relief efforts, as a result of well-executed warnings, it caused no reported fatalities. BOB 02 dissipated inland the next day.

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Formed=July 27

|Dissipated=July 31

|Image=BOB 03 Jul 28 1991 1355Z.png

|Track=Cyclone BOB 03 1991.png

|3-min winds=30

|Pressure=984

}}

During July 27, a depression developed over the northern Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian state of Odisha.{{IMD TC Database}} Over the next day the system moved westwards and developed into a Deep Depression, as it made landfall near Badudebpur in Odisha with estimated winds of {{convert|55|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}. The system dissipated over East Rajasthan during July 31, as it enhanced monsoon activities over northern and eastern India.

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Formed=August 21

|Dissipated=August 26

|Image=BOB 04 Aug 22 1991 1415Z.png

|Track=Cyclone BOB 04 1991.png

|3-min winds=25

|Pressure=992

}}

Early on August 22, reported that Depression BOB 04 had formed about 160 km (100 mi), to the southeast of Balasore, India. As the depression moved towards northwest, it failed to intensify any further. The depression made landfall in the Indian state of Odisha later that day and maintained its identity until it weakened into a low-pressure area early on August 26. The depression's windspeeds were estimated to have peaked at {{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}, whilst the lowest pressure recorded was 992 hPa.

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Formed=September 21

|Dissipated=September 22

|Image=BOB 05 Sep 21 1991 1351Z.png

|Track=Cyclone BOB 05 1991.png

|3-min winds=25

|Pressure=1000

}}

Depression BOB 05 developed in the Bay of Bengal on September 21. It struck Andhra Pradesh and dissipated the following day.

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Formed=October 12

|Dissipated=October 14

|Image=BOB 06 Oct 14 1991 0122Z.png

|Track=Cyclone BOB 06 1991.png

|3-min winds=25

|Pressure=998

}}

Depression BOB 06 developed in the Bay of Bengal on October 12. It struck Bangladesh and dissipated on October 14.

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Formed=October 28

|Dissipated=October 30

|Image=BOB 07 Oct 29 1991 0929Z.png

|Track=Cyclone BOB 07 1991.png

|3-min winds=25

|Pressure=998

}}

Depression BOB 07 developed in the Bay of Bengal on October 28. It struck Tamil Nadu and dissipated on October 30.

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Formed=November 9

|Dissipated=November 16

|Image=04B Nov 14 1991 2222Z.png

|Track=Cyclone 04B 1991 track.png

|3-min winds=45

|1-min winds=40

|Pressure=998

}}

The final storm of the season, which formed in the eastern Bay of Bengal on November 9, hit eastern India as a 45 mph tropical storm on the 15th. It dissipated the next day over the country.

The Cyclonic storm brought torrential rain and flash floods across southern India when it made landfall. Twenty-four-hour rainfall totaled {{convert|480|mm|in}} at Karaikal.{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2008/11/28/stories/2008112854260400.htm |title=Rain-related death toll rises to 51 |author=The Hindu |date=2008-11-28 |accessdate=2010-06-08 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090110181255/http://www.thehindu.com/2008/11/28/stories/2008112854260400.htm |work=The Hindu |archivedate=January 10, 2009 }} As a direct result of the flooding at least 40 people died.https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EeYdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RCwEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5208,450731&dq=andhra+pradesh+cyclone&hl=en {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}

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File:01A Jan 17 1991 0213Z.jpg

During January 14, the JTWC started to monitor an area of convection that had developed within the near equatorial trough of low pressure, about 900 km (560 mi) to the southeast of Colombo, Sri Lanka.{{cite report|title=1991 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report |url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1991atcr.pdf |publisher=United States Navy, United States Airforce |author=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |archive-date=September 7, 2012 |url-status=dead |author2=Naval Western Oceanography Center |access-date=July 11, 2012 |pages=150–161 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907200615/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1991atcr.pdf }}{{cite web|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/1991/1991s-bio/bio011991.txt|title=Tropical Cyclone 01A Best Track|date=2002-12-01|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|accessdate=2010-04-02|archive-date=2011-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606212730/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/1991/1991s-bio/bio011991.txt|url-status=dead}}{{cite journal|year=1991 |title=January 1991 |issn=1321-4233 |journal=Darwin Tropical Diagnostic Statement |publisher=Australian Bureau of Meteorology |volume=10 |issue=1 |page=4 |author=Darwin Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/ntregion/statements/tropical/dtds-199101.pdf |accessdate=August 26, 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222133246/http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/ntregion/statements/tropical/dtds-199101.pdf |archivedate=December 22, 2015 |url-status=live }} Over the next couple of days the disturbance moved towards the northwest under the subtropical ridge of pressure, before early on January 17, the JTWC noticed a steady increase in deep convection and issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert. Later that day the JTWC initiated advisories as the disturbance had intensified into a tropical storm and designated it as Cyclone 01A. As the Cyclone was suffering from being in an area of strong vertical wind shear it was not able to intensify past minimal tropical storm strength of 65 km/h, (40 mph). During the next couple of days, strong upper-level winds stripped deep convection away from the center with the JTWC downgrading the cyclone to a tropical depression early on January 19. The remaining low level circulation center slowly dissipated with the JTWC issuing their final advisory early the next day.

The cyclone posed a direct threat to Coalition forces, which were operating in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, in the buildup to the Gulf War. However it was not a significant factor in the buildup to the Gulf war and due to it low latitude track and weak intensity it had little effect on ships steaming to the Middle East. As a result of the cyclone remaining out to sea, there was no reported impact on land.

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{{North Indian Ocean areas affected (Top)}}

|-

| BOB 01 || {{Sort|0422|April 22–30}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A5}}|{{Sort|05|Super Cyclonic Storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A5}}|{{sort|240|{{convert|240|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A5}}|{{Sort|918|{{convert|920|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Yunnan || {{ntsp|1500000000||$}} || {{Sort|1|138,866}} ||

|-

| BOB 02 || {{Sort|0530|May 30 – June 3}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{Sort|03|Cyclonic Storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{sort|085|{{convert|85|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{Sort|990|{{convert|990|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || India, Bangladesh || || None ||

|-

| BOB 03 || {{Sort|0727|July 27–31}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|TD}}|{{Sort|02|Deep Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|TD}}|{{sort|055|{{convert|55|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|TD}}|{{Sort|984|{{convert|984|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || India || || ||

|-

| BOB 04 || {{Sort|0821|August 21–26}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{Sort|01|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{Sort|992|{{convert|992|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || India || || ||

|-

| BOB 05 || {{Sort|0921|September 21–22}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{Sort|01|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{Sort|1000|{{convert|1000|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || India || || ||

|-

| BOB 06 || {{Sort|1012|October 12–14}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{Sort|01|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{Sort|998|{{convert|998|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || Bangladesh, India || || ||

|-

| BOB 07 || {{Sort|1028|October 28–30}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{Sort|01|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|DI}}|{{Sort|998|{{convert|998|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || India || || ||

|-

| BOB 08 || {{Sort|1109|November 9–16}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{Sort|03|Cyclonic Storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{sort|085|{{convert|85|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{Sort|998|{{convert|998|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || India || Minimal || 40 ||

|-

{{TC Areas affected (Bottom)|TC's=8 Systems|dates=April 22 – November 16|winds={{convert|240|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}|pres={{convert|920|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} || damage=>{{ntsp|1500000000||$}}|deaths=138906|Refs=}}

{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}

• Tropical cyclones in 1991
• North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone
• 1991 Atlantic hurricane season
• 1991 Pacific hurricane season
• 1991 Pacific typhoon season
• South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: 1990–91, 1991–92
• Australian region cyclone season: 1990–91, 1991–92
• South Pacific cyclone season: 1990–91, 1991–92

{{Reflist|2}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20150517005046/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/cyclone.htm India Meteorological Department]
• [http://www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC/ Joint Typhoon Warning Center] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150809201922/http://www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC/ |date=2015-08-09 }}

{{TC Decades|Year=1990|basin=North Indian Ocean|type=cyclone}}

{{Tropical cyclone season|1991}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1991 North Indian Ocean Cyclone Season}}