1998 WW31#Satellite

Located beyond the orbit of Neptune, {{mp|1998 WW|31}} is a non-resonant classical Kuiper belt object (cubewano) of the so-called hot population, which have higher inclinations than those of the cold population. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 40.4–48.5 AU once every 297 years (108,345 days; semi-major axis of 44.48 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Kitt Peak with its first observation on 18 November 1998.

As of 2018, this minor planet has not been numbered nor named by the Minor Planet Center.

{{mp|1998 WW|31}} is expected to have a low albedo due to its blue (neutral) color. Other sources assume a higher albedo of 0.10 and 0.16, respectively (see below). It has a V–I color index of 0.91, notably lower than the mean-color index for cubewanos, and in between that of comets and Jupiter trojans.{{rp|35}}

File:Kuiper Belt Object 1998 WW31.jpg image composite from 2001 to 2002 of {{mp|1998 WW|31}} with its satellite on a long, 587-day orbit]]

{{mp|1998 WW|31}} is a binary minor planet with a minor-planet moon in its orbit. On 22 December 2000, French astronomers Christian Veillet and Alain Doressoundiram in collaboration with J. Shapiro discovered the satellite using the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope at Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawaii, United States. The discovery was announced on 16 April 2001 and received the provisional designation {{nowrap|S/2000 ({{mp|1998 WW|31}}) 1}}.

It was the first trans-Neptunian binary discovered after Charon in 1978, the largest satellite in the Pluto–Charon system. Since then nearly 100 trans-Neptunian binaries have been discovered. {{mp|1998 WW|31}} is also one of the most symmetrical binaries known in the Solar System.

The satellite has a highly eccentric orbit with eccentricity of {{val|0.8193|0.0020}} with an exceptionally long orbital period of {{val|587.27|0.18|u= days}} and a semi-major axis of {{val|22,617|42|u=km}}.

While the primary measures {{convert|148|km}}, the satellite has a diameter of {{convert|123|km}} (a ratio of 0.883) with a combined system diameter of {{convert|192|km}}. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.10 and calculates a system diameter of {{convert|192|km}} based on an absolute magnitude of 6.7, while Mike Brown finds a diameter of {{convert|267|km}} with a lower albedo of 0.04.

As of 2020, no rotational lightcurve of {{mp|1998 WW|31}} has been obtained from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown.

{{reflist|30em|refs=

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|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=3031823

|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory

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{{Commons category}}

• [http://www.cfht.hawaii.edu/~veillet/Nature_final.pdf The binary Kuiper-belt object {{mp|1998 WW|31}}], publication in Nature, 18 April 2002
• [http://www.cfht.hawaii.edu/~veillet/WW31.html The binary Kuiper Belt Object 1998 WW31], Christian Veillet - CFHT - 17 April 2002
• [http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07600/07610.html#Item1 IAUC 7610: S/2000 (1998 WW_31) 1], satellite discovery – Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams, 16 April 2001
• [http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~buie/kbo/astrom/98WW31.html Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 1998 WW31], Marc W. Buie, SwRI (Space Science Department)
• [http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am1998ww31.html {{mp|1998 WW|31}} and S/2000 ({{mp|1998 WW|31}}) 1]
• [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K08/K08O05.html MPEC 2008-O05 : Distant Minor Planets (2008 AUG. 2.0 TT)]
• {{AstDys|1998WW31}}
• {{JPL small body|id=3031823}}

{{Trans-Neptunian objects}}

{{Small Solar System bodies}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1998 WW31}}

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Category:Minor planet object articles (unnumbered)

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