1999 Victorian state election

{{see also|Post-election pendulum for the 1999 Victorian state election}}

{{see also|Results of the 1999 Victorian state election (Legislative Assembly)}}

{{Australian elections/Title row

| title = Victorian state election, 18 September 1999{{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|author-link=Colin Hughes|title=A Handbook of Australian Government and Politics 1985-1999|publisher=Federation Press|location=Sydney|year=2002|page=320}}{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/elections/archive/vic/VIC1999_ResultsBook.pdf#page=26|title=1999 Victorian State Election - Summary of Results|author=Antony Green|website=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |date=June 2001|access-date=5 July 2013}}

| house = Legislative Assembly

| series = Victorian state election

| back = 1996

| forward = 2002

| enrolled = 3,130,338

| total_votes = 2,826,467

| turnout % = 94.21

| turnout chg = +0.13

| informal = 72,800

| informal % = 2.58

| informal chg = +0.28

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|government = yes

|party_id = Labor VIC

|votes = 1,289,696

|votes % = 45.57

|votes chg = {{increase}}+2.44

|seats = 42

|seats chg = +13

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Liberal VIC

|votes = 1,194,998

|votes % = 42.22

|votes chg = {{decrease}}–1.77

|seats = 36

|seats chg = –13

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Nationals VIC

|votes = 135,930

|votes % = 4.80

|votes chg = {{decrease}}–1.69

|seats = 7

|seats chg = – 2

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Greens VIC

|votes = 32,570

|votes % = 1.15

|votes chg = New

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Hope

|votes = 10,894

|votes % = 0.39

|votes chg = New

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = One Nation

|votes = 8,181

|votes % = 0.29

|votes chg = New

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Democrats

|votes = 7,972

|votes % = 0.28

|votes chg = New

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Democratic Labour

|votes = 6,183

|votes % = 0.22

|votes chg = New

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Natural Law

|votes = 6,044

|votes % = 0.21

|votes chg = {{decrease}}–1.65

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Shooters

|votes = 2,011

|votes % = 0.07

|votes chg = {{increase}}+0.03

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Reform

|votes = 1,483

|votes % = 0.05

|votes chg = New

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Christian Democrats

|votes = 414

|votes % = 0.02

|votes chg = {{decrease}}–0.21

|seats = 0

|seats chg = ± 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Independent

|votes = 133,895

|votes % = 4.73

|votes chg = {{increase}}+1.12

|seats = 3

|seats chg = + 2

}}

{{Australian elections/Total row |

|total_votes = 2,830,271

|total_seats = 88

}}

{{Australian elections/2PP summary |

|party id 1 = Labor VIC

|2pp votes 1 = 1,420,775

|2pp % 1 = 50.20

|2pp chg 1 = {{increase}}+3.66

|party id 2 = Liberal VIC

|party 2 = Liberal/National

|2pp votes 2 = 1,409,567

|2pp % 2 = 49.80

|2pp chg 2 = {{decrease}}–3.66

}}

|}

{{see also|Results of the 1999 Victorian state election (Legislative Council)}}

File:1999 Victorian state election - Legislative Council.svg

The following voting statistics exclude the three mid-term by-elections held on the same day, at which two seats were retained by Labor and a third was gained by Labor from the Liberals.

{{Australian elections/Title row

| title = Victorian state election, 18 September 1999Hughes (2002) p.321.

| house = Legislative Council

| staggered = yes

| enrolled = 3,130,338

| total_votes = 2,909,727

| turnout % = 92.95

| turnout chg = –1.13

| informal = 97,949

| informal % = 3.37

| informal chg = +0.79

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Labor VIC

|votes = 1,187,484

|votes % = 42.23

|votes chg = {{increase}}+1.74

|seats = 8

|seats held = 14

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Liberal VIC

|votes = 1,116,347

|votes % = 39.70

|votes chg = {{decrease}}–4.17

|seats = 11

|seats held = 24

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Nationals VIC

|votes = 204,587

|votes % = 7.28

|votes chg = {{increase}}+0.65

|seats = 3

|seats held = 6

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Democrats

|votes = 190,940

|votes % = 6.79

|votes chg = {{increase}}+1.06

|seats = 0

|seats held = 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Greens VIC

|votes = 62,796

|votes % = 2.23

|votes chg = New

|seats = 0

|seats held = 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Reform

|votes = 6,617

|votes % = 0.24

|votes chg = New

|seats = 0

|seats held = 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Christian Democrats

|votes = 6,608

|votes % = 0.24

|votes chg = {{increase}}+0.04

|seats = 0

|seats held = 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Party summary|

|party_id = Independent

|votes = 36,399

|votes % = 1.29

|votes chg = {{increase}}+0.35

|seats = 0

|seats held = 0

}}

{{Australian elections/Total row |

|total_votes = 2,811,778

|total_seats = 22

|total_held = 44

}}

{{Australian elections/2PP summary |

|party id 1 = Labor VIC

|2pp votes 1 = 1,408,843

|2pp % 1 = 50.12

|2pp chg 1 = {{increase}}+4.08

|party id 2 = Liberal VIC

|party 2 = Liberal/National

|2pp votes 2 = 1,402,338

|2pp % 2 = 49.88

|2pp chg 2 = {{decrease}}–4.08

}}

|}

Results of the 1999 Victorian state election, Rural districts

Results of the 1999 Victorian state election, Metropolitan districts

• Members listed in italics did not recontest their seats.
• The Liberal-turned-Independent member for Frankston East, Peter McLellan died on election day. A supplementary election was held in which Labor won.
• In addition, Labor won Mitcham in a by-election and retained it in this election.
• In addition, Independent Susan Davies won Gippsland West in a by-election and retained it in this election.

The Kennett government entered the campaign with a substantial lead in the polls and was widely expected to win, some commentators even tipped the government to increase their already large majority.{{cite journal| last=Woodward | first=Dennis |author2=Costar, Brian | title= The Victorian Election of 18 September 1999 | journal = Australian Journal of Political Science | volume=35|issue=1|pages=125–133 | doi=10.1080/10361140050002881| year=2000 | s2cid=153439196 }}

The Liberals ran a campaign centred on Jeff Kennett and the unusual jeff.com.au website. The presidential nature of the campaign was emphasised when the Herald Sun ran a damaging front-page story revealing that most Liberal candidates were gagged from speaking to the media.Bennett S. & Newman G., 'Victorian Election 1999', Australian Parliamentary Library Research Paper [http://www.aph.gov.au/LIBRARY/Pubs/rp/1999-2000/2000rp19.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613101634/http://www.aph.gov.au/LIBRARY/Pubs/rp/1999-2000/2000rp19.htm|date=2007-06-13}} The Coalition stuck to a message of focusing on its economic record, and promising modest increases in spending in schools, hospitals and police.

In contrast Labor sought to tap into perceptions in rural Victoria that the Kennett government had neglected them. Both John Brumby who led Labor until early 1999 and Steve Bracks campaigned extensively in rural and regional Victoria, attacking Coalition policies of privatisation highlighting poor service delivery. Labor also took the unusual step of launching their campaign in the regional centre of Ballarat where it announced it would spend $170 million to improve rural infrastructure. In addition Labor campaigned on issues of government transparency and service administration.Bennett S. & Newman G., 'Victorian Election 1999', Australian Parliamentary Library Research Paper

By election day few people believed that there would be a change of government. When The Australian published a poll which suggested the result would be a cliffhanger, Steve Bracks is said to have stated 'I hope it's right, but I think The Australian is on drugs.'{{cite book|last=Megalogenis|first=George|title=The Longest Decade|publisher=Scribe|location=Melbourne|year=2006|page=54}}

Kennett during the campaign was at the centre of controversy over a heated interview with ABC Radio presenter Jon Faine.{{Cite web |date=2019-10-10 |title='I'll just sit here and drink my tea': Jeff Kennett's tense interview on ABC |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-11/jeff-kennetts-tense-interview-on-abc/11417696 |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=www.abc.net.au |language=en-AU}}

On the afternoon of the election, while polling was being conducted, it was learned that Liberal-turned-Independent member for the marginal seat of Frankston East, Peter McLellan, had died of a heart attack. Polling was therefore aborted, with a supplementary election to be scheduled.

When the results started to come through, it appeared that there was only a modest swing to Labor in metropolitan Melbourne, even in the politically volatile eastern suburbs. However, there was a substantial swing to Labor in provincial and rural Victoria, traditionally a Liberal stronghold. Political analyst and ABC commentator Antony Green later wrote that "in the more than 35 elections I've been involved in, the 1999 Victorian election was the only one where I thought there was something wrong with the computer."Comment by Antony Green at pollbludger ([http://blogs.crikey.com.au/pollbludger/?p=356#comments] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140509001053/http://blogs.crikey.com.au/pollbludger/?p=356#comments|date=9 May 2014}}, 8 May 2006, accessed 2 February 2010.

When the Victorian Electoral Commission finished counting for the night, the result was still too close to call: Labor had made huge gains in the rural hinterland, but had failed to make much headway in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne where elections had historically been won or lost.

{{main|1999 Frankston East state supplementary election

}}

Initial counting had the Coalition on 43 seats in the 88-seat chamber, Labor on 41 (including winning the seat of Geelong by just 16 votes), and the independents on three. Frankston East remained vacant pending the results of the 16 October supplementary election. As McLellan died on the day of the general election, voters in Frankston East had already cast votes before learning of McLellan's death. As McLellan died while the campaign was underway, the Victorian constitution required a supplementary election in the seat.

Regardless of who won in Frankston East, neither the Coalition nor Labor could form a government without the support of the independents, leaving them in a position to effectively choose the next premier.

On 16 October, the supplementary election resulted in a 7.71% swing to Labor, with its candidate Matt Viney winning 54.60% of the two-party preferred vote, putting Labor on 42 seats. The votes that were cast in Frankston East on the day of the election and McLellan's death had been destroyed without being counted. It is therefore unknown whether Frankston East voters had voted differently in the supplementary election than the way they voted at the general election.

The next morning, Labor and the Independents signed an agreement which became public the following day. Although this allowed Labor to form government by one seat, Kennett's supporters urged the Coalition to force a last-ditch confidence vote on the floor of the Assembly. They believed that Savage, Davies and Ingram would be forced to publicly support Kennett. In truth, Savage and Davies felt that Kennett had been dismissive during the previous term, and would not have even considered supporting any government led by Kennett. However, with the Liberals divided on Kennett's future role, Kennett resigned as premier and retired from politics.

Kennett's resignation became official on 20 October. Soon afterward, Bracks advised the Governor, Sir James Gobbo, that he could form a government, which was duly sworn in later that day. With Kennett retiring from politics, Dr Denis Napthine, a rural MP who was believed to bring a more consensus-style approach to leadership, succeeded him as Liberal leader.{{Gazette VIC|url=http://www.gazette.vic.gov.au/gazette/Gazettes1999/GG1999S155.pdf|page=1999:S155 (Special)|date=20 October 1999|title=Ministers of the Crown}} Nationals leader Pat McNamara retired from politics as well. His successor, Peter Ryan, tore up the Coalition agreement; the Liberals and Nationals would not resume their Coalition until 2008.

Labor won Kennett's old seat of Burwood in a by-election that December after he decided to retire from parliament. The following year they also won McNamara's hitherto safe seat of Benalla in another by-election, which brought them to 44 of the Assembly's 88 seats.

• Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, 1999–2002
• Members of the Victorian Legislative Council, 1999–2002
• Candidates of the 1999 Victorian state election
• 1999 AFL first preliminary final

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

{{Victorian elections}}

{{Government of Victoria}}

Category:Elections in Victoria (state)

Category:1999 elections in Australia

Category:1990s in Victoria (state)

Category:September 1999 in Australia