2.01 (Buran-class spacecraft)

The 2.01 is the first of a second series of Buran-class orbiters. The design was improved using feedback from the earlier models of Buran-class shuttles, such as the flight of Buran and the construction of Ptichka.

Major changes include:

• Hull design optimized to save weight.
• Thermal protection system arrangement changed.
• Spoilers added to elevons.
• OMS thrusters configuration changed.
• Payload bay doors radiator design simplified.
• Landing gear improved.
• Drag chute container was reduced, since it turned out the surface area of the parachutes in the flight of Buran was overabundant.

After the Challenger disaster it was decided to limit the crew capacity of the second series of orbiters to four crew members with ejection seats regularly mounted.http://www.buran.ru/galapago/NK2018-12_buran.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214201216/http://www.buran.ru/galapago/NK2018-12_buran.pdf |date=2019-02-14 }} (in Russian)

Since none of the second series orbiters were completed, only changes in the thermal protection system and OMS thrusters arrangement can be visible on 2.01.

File:06 OK-2.01.png

File:Buran 2.01 20110622 223648 069cnvt.jpg, 2011]]

File:Buran 2.01 2011 in Gromov Flight Research Institute.jpg

File:Buran_2.01_Voenfilm-Medyn_cinema_complex_2022-08-14_at_5.48.41_PM.webm

It was projected in 1989 that orbiter 2.01 would have its first crewed space test flight, 3K1, in 1994, with a duration of twenty-four hours. The craft would have been equipped with a life support system and two ejection seats. Crew would have consisted of two cosmonauts — Igor Volk (commander) and Aleksandr Ivanchenko (flight engineer).{{cite web | url = http://www.buran.ru/htm/pilots.htm | script-title=ru:Экипажи "Бурана" Несбывшиеся планы |website=Buran | access-date = 2006-08-05|language=ru}}

In 1991, construction of the orbiter was suspended, and in 1993, the Buran program was completely cancelled.

After residing at the Tushino factory where it was constructed, it was incorrectly announced in 2006 that orbiter 2.01 would be put on display in the Technik Museum Speyer, Germany. However, the German Museum had actually bought OK-GLI, the jet-powered Buran atmospheric test vehicle, which appeared on display in its own new hangar from September 2008.

From 2004 the orbiter 2.01 was left under open skies at a car park in Moscow, near Khimki Reservoir.{{cite web|url=http://englishrussia.com/2008/07/30/where-do-shuttles-go/ |title=Where Do Shuttles Go? |publisher=English Russia |date=2008-07-30 |access-date=2011-08-20}}{{cite web|author=Moscow |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?q=moscow&ie=UTF8&t=k&om=0&hl=en&ll=55.841374,37.466115&spn=0.001422,0.003455&z=18&hl=en |title=moscow |publisher=Google Maps |access-date=2011-08-20}}{{cite news |url=http://www.5-tv.ru/news/33014/ |script-title=ru:Тушинский машиностроительный завод, на котором строился космический челнок "Буран", открестился от своего детища |work=5-TV |date=2010-09-30 |access-date=2011-08-20 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120720155356/http://www.5-tv.ru/news/33014/ |archive-date=2012-07-20 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|author=Дмитрий Мельников |url=http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=395709 |script-title=ru:Вести.Ru: "Буран" остался без крыльев и хвоста |website=Vesti |date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2011-08-20}}{{cite web |url=https://ssl.panoramio.com/photo/38956919 |title=Photo |access-date=2013-09-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316152452/https://ssl.panoramio.com/photo/38956919 |archive-date=2014-03-16 }}

On 22 June 2011, during the day the orbiter was put on a barge{{Cite web |date=June 2011 |title=untitled |url=http://www.buran-energia.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/5859100207_bacdfeb4f3.jpg |website=Buran space shuttle and the Energia launcher}}{{Original research inline|date=June 2022}} to be moved to the MAKS 2011 international air show, which took place from 16 to 21 August in Zhukovsky (Moscow region).{{cite web|url=http://www.buran-energia.com/blog/category/bourane/buran-OK-201/lang-pref/en/ |title=Buran-Energia Buran OK-2.01 |publisher=Buran-energia.com |access-date=2011-08-20}} In the night of 22–23 June, it was seen on the Moskva River.{{Cite news |title=untitled photo of Buran on a barge |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/multimedia/bilder/buran102_v-grossgalerie16x9.jpg |work=Tagesschau}}{{cite web|url=http://fleetphoto.ru/ship/4656/ |title=7289 – Проект 942 — Водный транспорт |publisher=Fleetphoto.ru |access-date=2011-08-20}}{{Original research inline|date=June 2022}} The orbiter was exposed at the show with one side restored.

In 2012, it was seen during the Russian Air Force 100th Anniversary Airshow in Zhukovsky. It was expected that it would be restored in Zhukovsky and shown at the MAKS 2013 exhibition, but it never appeared at the exhibition. {{As of|November 2013}}, it remained at the Zhukovsky International Airport {{nowrap|({{coord|55.5517|38.1444|type:landmark_region:RU|format=dms|display=inline}}).}}[http://www.airplane-pictures.net/photo/339262/2-01-russian-space-agency-vkk-buran/ Russian Space Agency VKK Buran 2.01]: Photo dated 27 November 2013.

In July 2017, heat-tiles from orbiter 2.01 were listed online, leading some to believe that the orbiter had been scrapped or otherwise disassembled.{{cite web|url=http://www.buran-energia.com/boutique-shop/product_info.php?products_id=36|title=Buran Space Shuttle Shop - Buran's tile|website=www.buran-energia.com}} However, satellite imagery of Zhukovsky Airport taken in 2019 indicates that 2.01 still resided at the airfield, albeit in a different location {{nowrap|({{coord|55|34|16|N|38|8|34|E|type:landmark_region:RU|format=dms|display=inline}}).}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/55%C2%B034%2716.3%22N+38%C2%B008%2734.5%22E/@55.5711944,38.1423695,101m/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x0:0x0!7e2!8m2!3d55.5712056!4d38.1429271|title=55°34'16.3"N 38°08'34.5"E|website=Google Maps |language=en|access-date=2019-09-16}}

As of 22 April 2022, the orbiter had been moved to Voenfilm-Medyn cinema complex in Moscow Oblast,{{Cite web |title="Вот это мощь!": Шапша восхитился моделью космического корабля "Буран" |url=https://kaluganews.ru/fn_933125.html |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=kaluganews.ru |language=ru}} where it resided at least through August 2022. Some of the heat-tiles removed in 2017 were missing, and the coordinates for the orbiter were 54,9504486, 35,8559756.

As of April 2024, the orbiter was relocated for restoration at the Technical Museum of Vadim Zadorozhny in Moscow.{{Cite web |last=Новости |first=Р. И. А. |date=2021-12-28 |title=Для восстановления "Бурана" придется построить специальный ангар |url=https://ria.ru/20211228/buran-1765917855.html |access-date=2024-08-20 |website=РИА Новости |language=ru}} In August 2024, the orbiter was acquired for display in UMMC Museum Complex.{{cite news |title=Космический корабль "Буран" войдет в экспозицию уральского музея |url=https://tass.ru/obschestvo/21519769 |work=TACC |date=2 August 2024 |language=ru}} The orbiter arrived at the museum complex near Yekaterinburg in November 2024.{{cite web |title=ISRO Spaceflight Now |url=https://www.facebook.com/groups/540490199749798/posts/1994814677650669/ |website=Facebook.com |access-date=17 November 2024}}

{{Portal|Spaceflight}}

• Buran (spacecraft) – Buran Spacecraft OK-1.01
• Buran program
• OK-GLI – Buran Analog BST-02 test vehicle
• Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-105 – Soviet orbital spaceplane
• Space Shuttle program (United States)
• MAKS (spacecraft)
• Space exploration
• Space accidents and incidents
• N1 (rocket)
• Tupolev OOS

{{reflist}}

{{Commons category}}

• [http://www.buran-energia.com/bourane-buran/bourane-modele-201.php 2.01 orbiter]
• [http://www.k26.com/buran/Future/2.01/space_buran_2_01.html 2.01 status incorrectly mentioning its relocation to Germany] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060904102218/http://www.k26.com/buran/Future/2.01/space_buran_2_01.html |date=2006-09-04 }}
• [http://www.buran.ru/htm/2-01.htm Images of 2.01 parked open air in Moscow in 2004 with a notice it's being moved to NPO Molniya]

{{Buran program}}

{{Space Shuttles}}

Category:Buran-class orbiters

Category:Cancelled Soviet spacecraft