2005 Nobel Prizes
{{Short description|none}}
The 2005 Nobel Prizes were awarded by the Nobel Foundation, based in Sweden. Six categories were awarded: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences. Typically announced in early October alongside the other prizes, the Literature Prize experienced a delay.{{Cite news |last=Ulaby |first=Neda |date=October 6, 2005 |title=Nobel Academy Silent on Literature Prize |url=https://www.npr.org/2005/10/06/4947464/nobel-academy-silent-on-literature-prize |work=NPR}}
Nobel Week took place from December 6 to 12, including programming such as lectures, dialogues, and discussions. The award ceremony and banquet for the Peace Prize were scheduled in Oslo on December 10, while the award ceremony and banquet for all other categories were scheduled for the same day in Stockholm.{{Cite web |last=Royen |first=Ulrika |date=2013-06-01 |title=The Nobel Peace Prize Award Ceremony 2005 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/ceremony/the-nobel-peace-prize-award-ceremony-2005/ |access-date=2024-12-10 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |date=2013-06-01 |title=The Nobel Prize Award Ceremony 2005 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/ceremony/the-nobel-prize-award-ceremony-2005-2005/ |access-date=2024-12-10 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}
Prizes
= Physics =
| class="wikitable"
|+ ! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 85x85px
(1925–2018) | rowspan="2" |{{flagdeco|United States}} American |"for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence" | rowspan="3" |{{cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005 |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2005/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024052710/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2005/index.html |archive-date=24 October 2008 |access-date=9 October 2008 |publisher=Nobel Foundation}} |
| 100x100px
(b. 1934) | rowspan="2" |"for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique" |
| 97x97px
(b. 1941) |{{flagdeco|Germany}} German |
= Chemistry =
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 89x89px
(1930–2015) |{{flagdeco|France|1974}} French | rowspan="3" |"for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis" |
| File:Robert Grubbs.jpg
(1942–2021) | rowspan="2" |{{flagdeco|United States}} American |
| 93x93px
(b. 1945) |
= Physiology or Medicine =
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 75x75px
(b. 1951) | rowspan="2" |{{flag|Australia}} | rowspan="2" |"for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease" |
| 101x101px
(1937–2024) |
= Literature =
{{Main page|2005 Nobel Prize in Literature}}
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="4" |Awardee(s) ! |
| 120x120px
(1930–2008) |{{flag|United Kingdom}} |"who in his plays uncovers the precipice under everyday prattle and forces entry into oppression's closed rooms" |
= Peace =
{{Main page|2005 Nobel Peace Prize}}
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 75x75px
|International Atomic Energy Agency (founded 1957) |United Nations | rowspan="2" |"for their efforts to prevent nuclear energy from being used for military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is used in the safest possible way." |
| 113x113px
(born 1942) |{{Flag|Egypt}} |
= Economic Sciences =
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 122x122px
(b. 1930) |{{flag|United States}} {{flag|Israel}} | rowspan="2" |"for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis" |
| 94x94px
(1921–2016) |{{flag|United States}} |
Controversies
= Literature =
{{Main page|Art, Truth and Politics}}
Pinter's lecture, titled "Art, Truth, and Politics", was delivered by video due to Pinter's hospitalization which made traveling to Stockholm unsuitable. 46 minutes in length, the lecture addressed many topics, including "political language" and American foreign policy, which subsequently provoked much discourse and criticism, as well as acccusations of Pinter's "anti-Americanism."Billington, Harold Pinter 425–27.{{cite news |last=Dyer |first=Gwynne |date=13 December 2005 |title=Harold Pinter: the last anti-American |url=http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/nexis/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T12259220115&format=GNBFI&sort=BOOLEAN&startDocNo=601&resultsUrlKey=29_T12259177788&cisb=22_T12259220136&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=249784&docNo=612 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 June 2011 |work=The Guardian, archived at Lexis-Nexis |publisher=Transcontinental Media Group |location=Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island}}
== References ==