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2008 South Korean legislative election

{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox election

| country = South Korea

| flag_year = 1997

| type = legislative

| previous_election = 2004 South Korean legislative election | previous_year = 2004 | election_date = 9 April 2008 | next_election = 2012 South Korean legislative election | next_year = 2012

| outgoing_members = List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2004–2008 | elected_mps = List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2008–2012

| seats_for_election = All 299 seats to the National Assembly

| majority_seats = 150

| turnout = 46.08% ({{decrease}}15.55pp; Const. votes)
46.08% ({{decrease}}15.55pp; PR votes)

| image_size = 130x130px

| 1blank = Constituency vote | 2blank = % and swing

| 3blank = Regional vote | 4blank = % and swing

| image1 = Kang Jae-seop.jpg

| leader1 = Kang Jae-seop

| party1 = Grand National Party

| color1 = {{party color|Grand National Party}}

| last_election1 = 121 seats{{efn|Grand National Party}}

| seats1 = 153

| seat_change1 = {{increase}}32

| 1data1 = 7,478,776 | 2data1 = {{Nowrap|43.45% ({{increase}}5.55pp)}}

| 3data1 = 6,421,727 | 4data1 = 37.48% ({{increase}}1.71pp)

| image2 = Sohn Hak-kyu taking a commemorative photo at the National Assembly.jpg

| leader2 = Son Hak-gyu

| party2 = United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)

| last_election2 = 161 seats{{efn|name=a|Uri Party and Democratic Party}}

| seats2 = 81

| seat_change2 = {{decrease}}80

| 1data2 = 4,977,508 | 2data2 = {{Nowrap|28.92% ({{decrease}}20.16pp)}}

| 3data2 = 4,313,111 | 4data2 = 25.18% ({{decrease}}21.05pp)

| image3 = Star연예인 시민봉사단 발대식에 있는 서청원.png

| leader3 = Suh Chung-won

| party3 = Pro-Park Alliance

| last_election3 = Did not exist

| seats3 = 14

| seat_change3 = New

| 1data3 = 637,351 | 2data3 = 3.70% (New)

| 3data3 = 2,258,750 | 4data3 = 13.18% (New)

| image4 = Lee Hoi-chang (2010).jpg

| leader4 = Lee Hoi-chang

| party4 = Liberty Forward Party

| last_election4 = Did not exist

| seats4 = 18

| seat_change4 = New

| 1data4 = 984,751 | 2data4 = 5.72% (New)

| 3data4 = 1,173,463 | 4data4 = 6.85% (New)

| image5 =

| leader5 = Chon Young-sae

| party5 = Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)

| last_election5 = 10 seats

| seats5 = 5

| seat_change5 = {{decrease}}5

| 1data5 = 583,665 | 2data5 = 3.39% ({{decrease}}0.92pp)

| 3data5 = 973,445 | 4data5 = 5.68% ({{decrease}}7.35pp)

| image6 =

| leader6 = Han Myeon-hee

| party6 = Creative Korea Party

| last_election6 = Did not exist

| seats6 = 3

| seat_change6 = {{increase}}3

| 1data6 = 72,803 | 2data6 = 0.42% (New)

| 3data6 = 651,993 | 4data6 = 3.81% (New)

| map_image = South Korean Legislative Election 2008 districts 1.svg

| title = Speaker

| before_election = Lim Chae-jung | before_party = Uri Party

| after_election = Kim Hyong-o | after_party = Grand National Party

}}

{{Politics of South Korea}}

Legislative elections were held in South Korea on April 9, 2008.{{cite web|url=http://www.mherrera.org/2008.htm|title=2008 Electoral Calendar |website=Maximiliano Herrera's Human Rights Site |access-date=2018-12-18}}

The conservative Grand National Party won 153 of 299 seats while the main opposition United Democratic Party won 81 seats.{{cite web|url=http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200804/200804100011.html|title=Digital Chosunilbo (English Edition) : Daily News in English About Korea|access-date=2008-04-10|archive-date=2008-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415053036/http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200804/200804100011.html|url-status=dead}} This election marked the lowest-ever voter turnout of 46%.[http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_national/281027.html Political apathy leads to record-low voter turnout], The Hankyoreh, Retrieved on April 10, 2008

Electoral system

{{see also|Legislative elections in South Korea}}

The election was held under parallel voting, with 245 members elected in single-member constituencies via first-past-the-post voting and the remainder elected via proportional representation. Proportional seats were only available to parties which one three percent of the national valid vote among seat-allocated parties and/or won five or more constituency seats.

Political parties

{{see also|List of political parties in South Korea}}

class=wikitable style=text-align:center

! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Parties

! rowspan="2" | Leader

! rowspan="2" | Ideology

! colspan="2" | Seats

! rowspan="2" | Status

Last election

! Before election

rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}}" |

| rowspan="2" | United Democratic Party

| rowspan="2" | Han Myeong-sook

| rowspan="2" | Liberalism

| {{composition bar|152|299|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}{{efn|Uri Party}}

| rowspan="2" | {{composition bar|141|299|hex={{party color|United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}}}}

| rowspan="2" {{Yes2|Government}}

{{composition bar|9|299|hex={{party color|Millennium Democratic Party}}}}{{efn|Democratic Party}}
style="background:{{party color|Grand National Party}}" |

| Grand National Party

| Kang Jae-seop

| rowspan="3" | Conservatism

| {{composition bar|121|299|hex={{party color|Grand National Party (1997)}}}}

| {{composition bar|117|299|hex={{party color|Grand National Party}}}}

| rowspan="6" {{No2|Opposition}}

style="background:{{party color|United Liberal Democrats}}" |

| United Liberal Democrats

| Kim Nak-seong

| {{composition bar|4|273|hex={{party color|United Liberal Democrats}}}}

| Dissolved

style="background:{{party color|Liberty Forward Party}}" |

| Liberty Forward Party

| Lee Hoi-chang

| Did not exist

| {{composition bar|10|299|hex={{party color|Liberty Forward Party}}}}

style="background:{{party color|Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)}}" |

| Democratic Labor Party

| Kwon Young-ghil

| Progressivism

| {{composition bar|10|299|hex={{party color|Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)}}}}

| {{composition bar|7|299|hex={{party color|Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)}}}}

style="background:{{party color|Pro-Park Alliance}}" |

| Pro-Park Alliance

| Suh Chung-won

| Conservatism

| Did not exist

| {{composition bar|3|299|hex={{party color|Pro-Park Alliance}}}}

style="background:{{party color|Creative Korea Party}}" |

| Creative Korea Party

| Han Myeon-hee

| Centrist reformism

| Did not exist

| {{composition bar|1|299|hex={{party color|Creative Korea Party}}}}

As of April 9, 2008, there were six political parties represented in the 18th National Assembly of South Korea, in addition to independents:

  • Grand National Party (한나라당, Hannara-dang), led by Kang Jae-seop. The current major conservative party within the National Assembly. (153 seats won)
  • United Democratic Party (통합민주당, Tongham Minju-dang), led by Son Hak-gyu. The current major liberal party within the National Assembly. (81 seats won)
  • Liberty Forward Party (자유선진당, Jayu Seonjin-dang), led by Lee Hoi-chang. The Chungcheong Region-strongholder and current second conservative party within the National Assembly against the GNP. (18 seats won)
  • Pro-Park Alliance (친박연대, Chin-bak Yeon-dae), led by Seo Cheong-won, although their inspirational leader is former GNP leader Park Geun-hye. A conservative coalition with Park Geun-hye within the National Assembly that broke away from the GNP after a dispute on the GNP's candidate nomination, which happened just before the election. (14 seats won)
  • Democratic Labor Party (민주노동당, Minju Nodong-dang), led by Chun Young-se. A minor but the most progressive party within the 18th National Assembly, against both the Grand Nationals and Democrats. (5 seats won)
  • Creative Korea Party (창조한국당, Changjo Hanguk-dang), led by Moon Kook-hyun. A minor but pro-environmental liberal party within the National Assembly, against the Grand Nationals. (3 seats won)
  • (no seats) The New Progressive Party, led by Sim Sang-jeong and Roh Hoe-chan, won 2.94% votes but not enough to gain any seats. The New Progressive Party split from the Democratic Labor Party as a reaction to nationalism after the 2007 presidential elections.

Results

{{Main|List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2008–2012}}

{{Election results

|image={{Parliament diagram

|background = #f8f9fa

|n1 = 5 | p1 = Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)

|n2 = 81 | p2 = United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)

|n3 = 3 | p3 = Creative Korea Party

|n4 = 18 | p4 = Liberty Forward Party

|n5 = 14 | p5 = Pro-Park Alliance

|n6 = 153 | p6 = Grand National Party

|n7 = 25 | p7 = Independent

}}

|firstround=Proportional|secondround=Constituency

|party1=Grand National Party|votes1=6421727|seats1=22|votes1_2=7478776|seats1_2=131|totseats1=153|sc1=+32|color1={{party color|Grand National Party}}

|party2=United Democratic Party|votes2=4313645|seats2=15|votes2_2=4977508|seats2_2=66|totseats2=81|sc2=–80|color2={{party color|United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}}

|party3=Pro-Park Alliance|votes3=2258750|seats3=8|votes3_2=637351|seats3_2=6|totseats3=14|sc3=New

|party4=Liberty Forward Party|votes4=1173463|seats4=4|votes4_2=984751|seats4_2=14|totseats4=18|sc4=New

|party5=Democratic Labor Party|votes5=973445|seats5=3|votes5_2=583665|seats5_2=2|totseats5=5|sc5=–5

|party6=Creative Korea Party|votes6=651993|seats6=2|votes6_2=72803|seats6_2=1|totseats6=3|sc6=+3

|party7=New Progressive Party|votes7=504466|seats7=0|votes7_2=229500|seats7_2=0|totseats7=0|sc7=0

|party8={{ill|Christian Party (South Korea)|ko|

기독사랑실천당|lt=Christian Party}}|votes8=443775|seats8=0|votes8_2=3720|seats8_2=0|totseats8=0|sc8=0

|party9=Party for Peaceful Unification and Family|votes9=180857|seats9=0|votes9_2=334715|seats9_2=0|totseats9=0|sc9=New

|party10=Party for Displaced People and National Security|votes10=93554|seats10=0|votes10_2=1130|seats10_2=0|totseats10=0|sc10=New

|party11=Socialist Party|votes11=35496|seats11=0|totseats11=0|sc11=0

|party12=Party for Culture and Art|votes12=33966|seats12=0|totseats12=0|sc12=New

|party13=Party for Citizen|votes13=17656|seats13=0|totseats13=0|sc13=New

|party14=United Vocational Party|votes14=16622|seats14=0|votes14_2=881|seats14_2=0|totseats14=0|sc14=New

|party15=Neo-Future Party|votes15=12122|seats15=0|totseats15=0|sc15=New

|party16=People's Association for Salvation|votes16_2=513|seats16_2=0|totseats16=0|sc16=New

|party17=Unification Party|votes17_2=51|seats17_2=0|totseats17=0|sc17=New

|party18=Independents|votes18_2=1907326|seats18_2=25|totseats18=25|sc18=+23

|total_sc=0

|invalid=284383|invalid2=202976

|electorate=37796035|electorate2=37796035

|source=[https://www.nec.go.kr/cmm/dozen/view.do?cbIdx=1273&bcIdx=18841&fileNo=3 NEC], [http://www.electiondataarchive.org/ CLEA], [http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2259_08.htm IPU]

}}

=Constituency results by city/province=

class="wikitable nowrap sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"

|+ Constituency results by city/province

rowspan="3" | Region

! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | GNP

! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | UDP

! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | Pro-Park

! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | LFP

! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | DLP

! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | CKP

! rowspan="2" style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | Ind.

! rowspan="3" | Total
seats

colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Grand National Party}}" |

! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}}" |

! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Pro-Park Alliance}}" |

! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Liberty Forward Party}}" |

! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)}}" |

! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Creative Korea Party}}" |

Seats

! %

! Seats

! %

! Seats

! %

! Seats

! %

! Seats

! %

! Seats

! %

! Seats

style="text-align:left" | Seoul

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 40

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 51.2

| 7

| 37.1

| 0

| 1.9

| 0

| 2.3

| 0

| 2.0

| 1

| 1.6

| 0

| 48

style="text-align:left" | Busan

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 11

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 47.3

| 1

| 11.8

| 1

| 9.2

| 0

| 2.8

| 0

| 4.3

| colspan=2| –

| 5

| 18

style="text-align:left" | Daegu

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 8

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 61.1

| 0

| 0.8

| 3

| 15.7

| 0

| 2.7

| 0

| 1.8

| colspan=2| –

| 1

| 12

style="text-align:left" | Incheon

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 9

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 48.0

| 2

| 31.6

| colspan=2| –

| 0

| 4.8

| 0

| 3.4

| 0

| 0.4

| 1

| 12

style="text-align:left" | Gwangju

| 0

| 6.1

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 7

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 64.7

| colspan=2| –

| 0

| 0.1

| 0

| 7.7

| colspan=2| –

| 1

| 8

style="text-align:left" | Daejeon

| 0

| 26.6

| 1

| 24.0

| 0

| 4.4

| {{party shading/Liberty Forward Party}} | 5

| {{party shading/Liberty Forward Party}} | 40.0

| 0

| 0.8

| 0

| 0.4

| 0

| 6

style="text-align:left" | Ulsan

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 5

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 53.4

| 0

| 2.3

| 0

| 5.5

| colspan=2| –

| 0

| 18.3

| colspan=2| –

| 1

| 6

style="text-align:left" | Gyeonggi

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 32

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 48.3

| 17

| 37.0

| 1

| 3.8

| 0

| 2.4

| 0

| 2.8

| 0

| 0.1

| 1

| 51

style="text-align:left" | Gangwon

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 3

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 44.8

| 2

| 24.6

| colspan=2| –

| 0

| 8.4

| 0

| 2.9

| 0

| 0.3

| 3

| 8

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Chungcheong N" | North Chungcheong

| 1

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 39.5

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 6

| 35.3

| 0

| 3.6

| 1

| 14.1

| 0

| 2.3

| 0

| 0.3

| 0

| 8

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Chungcheong S" | South Chungcheong

| 0

| 30.1

| 1

| 14.3

| 0

| 1.5

| {{party shading/Liberty Forward Party}} | 8

| {{party shading/Liberty Forward Party}} | 46.4

| 0

| 1.1

| 0

| 0.3

| 1

| 10

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Jeolla N" | North Jeolla

| 0

| 7.2

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 9

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 54.7

| colspan=2| –

| colspan=2| –

| 0

| 1.3

| colspan=2| –

| 2

| 11

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Jeolla S" | South Jeolla

| 0

| 6.1

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 9

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 61.8

| colspan=2| –

| 0

| 0.1

| 0

| 4.8

| colspan=2| –

| 3

| 12

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Gyeongsang N" | North Gyeongsang

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 9

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 54.3

| 0

| 3.1

| 1

| 6.1

| 0

| 2.0

| 0

| 1.1

| colspan=2| –

| 5

| 15

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Gyeongsang S" | South Gyeongsang

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 13

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 51.4

| 1

| 8.5.

| colspan=2| –

| 0

| 1.2

| 2

| 9.1

| 0

| 0.4

| 1

| 17

style="text-align:left" | Jeju

| 0

| 34.4

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 3

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 41.8

| 0

| 1.4

| 0

| 3.4

| 0

| 5.6

| colspan=2| –

| 0

| 3

class="sortbottom"

! style="text-align:left" | Total

! 131

! 43.5

! 66

! 28.9

! 6

! 3.7

! 14

! 5.7

! 2

! 3.4

! 1

! 0.4

! 25

! 245

=Party-list results by city/province=

class="wikitable nowrap sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"

|+ Party list vote results by city/province

rowspan="2" | Region

! style="width:60px" class="unsortable" | GNP

! style="width:60px" class="unsortable" | UDP

! style="width:60px" class="unsortable" | Pro-Park

! style="width:60px" class="unsortable" | LFP

! style="width:60px" class="unsortable" | DLP

! style="width:60px" class="unsortable" | CKP

! rowspan="2" style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | Other

style="background:{{party color|Grand National Party}}" |

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}}" |

! style="background:{{party color|Pro-Park Alliance}}" |

! style="background:{{party color|Liberty Forward Party}}" |

! style="background:{{party color|Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)}}" |

! style="background:{{party color|Creative Korea Party}}" |

style="text-align:left" | Seoul

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 40.2

| 28.3

| 10.4

| 4.8

| 3.8

| 4.6

| 7.8

style="text-align:left" | Busan

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 43.5

| 12.7

| 22.6

| 5.2

| 5.3

| 3.8

| 6.9

style="text-align:left" | Daegu

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 46.6

| 4.9

| 32.7

| 4.0

| 3.2

| 2.9

| 5.7

style="text-align:left" | Incheon

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 39.7

| 24.6

| 10.9

| 6.1

| 5.8

| 4.4

| 8.6

style="text-align:left" | Gwangju

| 5.9

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 70.4

| 1.3

| 0.9

| 9.4

| 3.9

| 8.2

style="text-align:left" | Daejeon

| 24.8

| 18.6

| 8.7

| {{party shading/Liberty Forward Party}} | 34.3

| 3.9

| 3.7

| 6.1

style="text-align:left" | Ulsan

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 42.9

| 9.3

| 18.7

| 3.4

| 14.2

| 3.5

| 8.0

style="text-align:left" | Gyeonggi

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 40.9

| 26.4

| 11.4

| 4.7

| 4.8

| 4.4

| 7.3

style="text-align:left" | Gangwon

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 45.5

| 18.6

| 12.3

| 6.3

| 5.9

| 3.7

| 7.6

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Chungcheong N" | North Chungcheong

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 34.0

| 23.9

| 12.3

| 13.7

| 5.7

| 3.4

| 7.0

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Chungcheong S" | South Chungcheong

| 27.1

| 13.5

| 7.2

| {{party shading/Liberty Forward Party}} | 37.8

| 4.7

| 2.5

| 7.1

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Jeolla N" | North Jeolla

| 9.3

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 64.3

| 2.3

| 1.6

| 7.4

| 2.9

| 12.1

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Jeolla S" | South Jeolla

| 6.4

| {{party shading/United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)}} | 66.9

| 1.8

| 1.1

| 10.1

| 2.3

| 11.5

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Gyeongsang N" | North Gyeongsang

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 53.5

| 5.6

| 23.6

| 2.9

| 4.1

| 2.4

| 8.0

style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Gyeongsang S" | South Gyeongsang

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 45.0

| 10.5

| 18.0

| 4.2

| 10.6

| 3.4

| 8.2

style="text-align:left" | Jeju

| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 32.4

| 30.2

| 12.3

| 4.2

| 10.0

| 5.1

| 5.8

class="sortbottom"

! style="text-align:left" | Overall total

! {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | 37.5

! 25.2

! 13.2

! 6.8

! 5.7

! 3.8

! 7.8

class="sortbottom"

! style="text-align:left" | Seat allocation

| 22

| 15

| 8

| 4

| 3

| 2

| 0

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}

{{South Korean elections}}

Category:2008 elections in South Korea

Category:Legislative elections in South Korea