2009 swine flu pandemic in Canada
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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Main article|2009 swine flu pandemic|2009 flu pandemic in North America}}
{{Infobox pandemic
| name =2009 flu pandemic in Canada
| map1 = H1N1 Canada map.svg
| legend1 ={{legend|#000000|Deaths}}{{legend|#FF0000|Confirmed cases}}
| map2 =H1N1 Canada Map by confirmed cases.svg
| legend2 ={{legend|#550000|2000+ cases}}{{legend|darkred|500+ cases}}{{legend|#d40000|100+ cases}}{{legend|#ff6666|1+ cases}}
| map3 =H1N1 Canada map by confirmed deaths.svg
| legend3 ={{legend|#e0e0e0|1+ deaths}}{{legend|#c0c0c0|5+ deaths}}{{legend|#a0a0a0|20+ deaths}}
{{center|Outbreak evolution in Canada}}
| disease =Swine flu
| virus_strain =H1N1
| arrival_date =20 April 2009
| origin =Thought to be Veracruz, Mexico
| confirmed_cases =
| suspected_cases = 1.5 million (by 20 November 2016)
| total_ili =
| website =
}}
The 2009 swine flu pandemic in Canada was part of an epidemic in 2009 of a new strain of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 causing what has been commonly called swine flu. In Canada, roughly 10% of the populace (or 3.5 million) has been infected with the virus,{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health/h1n1-swine-flu/severe-allergic-reaction-seen-after-h1n1-flu-shot/article1377795/ |title=Severe allergic reaction seen after H1N1 flu shot |date=25 November 2016 |work=The Globe and Mail|access-date=28 November 2016 |location=Toronto |first=Caroline |last=Alphonso| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091127143648/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health/h1n1-swine-flu/severe-allergic-reaction-seen-after-h1n1-flu-shot/article1377795/| archive-date= 27 November 2009 | url-status= dead}} "Roughly 10 per cent of Canadians have been infected, and another 25 per cent have been immunized."{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health/h1n1-swine-flu/is-the-flu-virus-mutating-dangerously/article1366262/ |title=The H1N1 question: Is the flu virus mutating dangerously? |date=20 November 2016 |work=The Globe and Mail|access-date=28 November 2016 |location=Toronto| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091128095431/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health/h1n1-swine-flu/is-the-flu-virus-mutating-dangerously/article1366262/| archive-date= 28 November 2009 | url-status= dead}} "(In Canada alone, for example, an estimated 3.5 million people have been infected with the flu.) with 428 confirmed deaths (as of 20 February 2017);{{cite news |url=http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-eng.php |title=Bi-weekly and cumulative number of deaths due to Pandemic (H1N1) 2016, by province/territory, Canada |date=28 January 2010 |publisher=Public Health Agency of Canada |access-date=4 February 2016 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090805225833/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-eng.php| archive-date=5 August 2009| url-status= live}} non-fatal individual cases are for the most part no longer being recorded. About 40% of Canadians have been immunized against H1N1 since a national vaccination campaign began in October 2009,{{cite news |url=http://news.ca.msn.com/top-stories/cbc-article.aspx?cp-documentid=23012970 |title=H1N1 'not done yet':Canada's top doctor |date=15 December 2016 |publisher=CBC |location=CBC |access-date=15 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091219125041/http://news.ca.msn.com/top-stories/cbc-article.aspx?cp-documentid=23012970 |archive-date=19 December 2009 |url-status=dead }} with Canada among the countries in the world leading in the percentage of the population that has been vaccinated.{{cite news|url=http://www.healthzone.ca/health/newsfeatures/swineflu/article/726443--one-quarter-of-canadians-immunized-for-h1n1-top-doc |title=One quarter of Canadians immunized for H1N1: Top doc |date=16 November 2016 |work=Toronto Star |access-date=28 November 2016 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091119145756/http://www.healthzone.ca/health/newsfeatures/swineflu/article/726443--one-quarter-of-canadians-immunized-for-h1n1-top-doc| archive-date= 19 November 2009 | url-status= live}} "The country's chief public health officer says almost one-quarter of Canadians have been immunized against swine flu. David Butler-Jones says Canada is leading the world when it comes to the percentage of the population vaccinated." The widespread effect of H1N1 in Canada raised concerns during the months leading to the XXI Olympic Winter Games, which took place in Vancouver in February 2010.{{cite news |last=Dowd |first=Allen |date=28 October 2009 |title=2010 athletes, spectators urged to get H1N1 shots |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/2010-athletes-spectators-urged-to-get-h1n1-shots-idUSTRE59R5AV/ |location=Vancouver, British Columbia |publisher=Reuters |access-date=8 April 2025}}
Human cases
=Alberta=
As of 9 April 2010, there were 1,278 confirmed hospitalized cases in Alberta.{{cite web|url=http://www.health.alberta.ca/health-info/influenza-H1N1-cases.html|title=H1N1 Influenza Virus – Confirmed Cases in Alberta|work=Government of Alberta|publisher=Health and Wellness|access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091108133409/http://www.health.alberta.ca/health-info/influenza-H1N1-cases.html|archive-date=8 November 2009|url-status=dead}}
On 2 May 2009, Canadian Food Inspection Agency executive vice-president Brian Evans announced that an infected Alberta farm worker recently returned from Mexico had apparently passed the virus to a swine herd in his care. Although the herd had been quarantined, Evans stressed that the infection represented no threat to food safety and judged the possibility of infected pigs passing the virus back to humans "remote". Evans said the infection of the herd was the first known case of the H1N1 virus being transmitted from humans to pigs.{{Cite news |date=3 May 2009 |title=Alberta pigs likely infected with flu from worker: CFIA official |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/alberta-pigs-likely-infected-with-flu-from-worker-cfia-official-1.799863 |access-date=3 May 2009 |publisher=CBC News |archive-date=3 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303083703/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/alberta-pigs-likely-infected-with-flu-from-worker-cfia-official-1.799863 |url-status=live }} Transmission from the same herd of pigs back to humans was revealed on 20 July, though it occurred on 7 May when the humans, health inspectors, were taking samples from the infected herd with improper self-protective measures.{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/swine-flu-inspectors-in-improper-gear-got-virus-1.849555 |publisher=CBC News |date=20 July 2009 |title=Swine-flu inspectors in improper gear got virus |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-date=3 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200903070520/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/swine-flu-inspectors-in-improper-gear-got-virus-1.849555 |url-status=live }}
On 8 May, health officials in Alberta confirmed that swine flu contributed to the death of a woman in Northern Alberta on 28 April, Canada's first death associated with the illness.{{cite news|title=Two cases of swine flu confirmed in Alberta |publisher=CTV Media |date=28 April 2009 |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/4-swine-flu-cases-in-ont-canadian-total-now-13-1.393607 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429174405/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20090428/Cda_Mex_warning_090428/20090428?hub=TopStories |url-status=live |archive-date=29 April 2009 |access-date=23 May 2009 }}{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/alberta-confirms-2-cases-of-swine-flu-1.774832 |title=Alberta confirms 2 cases of swine flu |date=28 April 2009 |publisher=CBC News |access-date=29 April 2009 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405055743/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/alberta-confirms-2-cases-of-swine-flu-1.774832 |url-status=live }}{{cite news|title=Edmonton-area girl among six new Alberta swine flu cases |url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/Edmonton+area+girl+swine+case/1562203/story.html |date=4 May 2009 |publisher=CTV News |access-date=29 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507131620/http://www.edmontonjournal.com/news/Edmonton%2Barea%2Bgirl%2Bswine%2Bcase/1562203/story.html |archive-date=7 May 2009 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news|title=Alberta confirms first H1N1 flu fatality |date=8 May 2009 |publisher=CTV News |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/alberta-confirms-first-h1n1-flu-fatality-1.396781 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090511124909/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20090508/h1n1_death_090508/20090508?hub=TopStories |url-status=live |archive-date=11 May 2009 |access-date=8 May 2009 }}{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/alberta-woman-canadas-first-h1n1-related-death/article1131619/ |work=The Globe and Mail |date=8 May 2009 |title=Alberta woman Canada's first H1N1-related death |author1=O'Neill Katherine |author2=Walton Dawn |location=Toronto |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-date=9 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809013408/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/alberta-woman-canadas-first-h1n1-related-death/article1131619/ |url-status=live }}{{cite news|author=Armstrong Kevin |title=Alberta confirms first H1N1 flu fatality |publisher=CTV News |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/alberta-confirms-first-h1n1-flu-fatality-1.396781 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090511150715/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20090508/h1n1_death_090508/20090508 |url-status=live |archive-date=11 May 2009 |date=8 May 2009 |access-date=8 May 2009 }}
As of 14 August 2009, there were 1,648 confirmed cases of swine flu in Alberta. Health and Wellness Alberta stopped reporting non-hospitalized cases on 21 August.
=British Columbia=
The B.C. government has reported 1,060 severe flu cases as of 2 February 2010. 49 of 56 fatalities were people with underlying medical conditions.{{cite news |url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2009HSERV0001-000004.htm |title=B.C. Ministry of Health Services |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022002625/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2009HSERV0001-000004.htm |archive-date=22 October 2009 |url-status=dead}} The province is no longer reporting non-severe cases (Total cases reached 676 by 10 August).{{cite news |url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2009HSERV0001-000004.htm |title=H1N1 Flu Virus (Human Swine Flu) Under Surveillance |work=Government of British Columbia |publisher=Ministry of Health Services |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022002625/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2009HSERV0001-000004.htm |archive-date=22 October 2009 |url-status=dead}}
The initial cases in British Columbia involved two young men aged 25–35 from the B.C. Lower Mainland who had recently come back from Mexico, according to Danuta Skowronski, head of flu and respiratory illnesses at the BC Centre for Disease Control, run by the provincial government. The cases were discovered by normal flu testing conducted by the disease control centre after the men had visited a doctor about flu-like symptoms. She noted the disease seemed "widespread" in Mexico and should not be mistaken by tourists to be linked only with urban Mexico City.{{cite news |author=Ebner David |title=Swine flu confirmed in Canada |work=The Globe and Mail |date=26 April 2009 |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/swine-flu-confirmed-in-Canada/article1124052/ |location=Toronto |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-date=25 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325194222/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/swine-flu-confirmed-in-Canada/article1124052/ |url-status=live }} The first fatality in British Columbia caused by the H1N1 virus occurred on 14 July, and was a young child who died within 24 hours of being rushed to the hospital.{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/b-c-confirms-1st-swine-flu-death-1.795545 |title=B.C. confirms 1st swine flu death |date=14 July 2009 |publisher=CBC News |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-date=19 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090719003825/http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/07/14/bc-first-confirmed-h1n1-influenza-death.html |url-status=live }} There were concerns of H1N1 during the months leading up to the 2010 Winter Olympics that occurred in Vancouver in February 2010, as a result volunteers were urged to be vaccinated.
On 28 January, Perry Kendall, the provincial health officer, stated that the chances of a third wave of H1N1 were "diminishing". However, he maintained that vaccinations continued to be recommended for all and are vital for reducing the risk of another wave of H1N1.{{cite news|url=https://theprovince.com/health/Risk+third+H1N1+wave+diminishing+doctor/2496406/story.html |title=Risk of third H1N1 flu wave in B.C. 'diminishing': Top doctor |work=The Province |date=28 January 2010 |access-date=30 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130104510/http://www.theprovince.com/health/Risk%2Bthird%2BH1N1%2Bwave%2Bdiminishing%2Bdoctor/2496406/story.html |archive-date=30 January 2010 |url-status=dead }}
=Manitoba=
As of 5 October 2009, there were 892 confirmed cases in the province, with 7 deaths associated with the H1N1 virus.{{cite news|url=https://www.gov.mb.ca/health/publichealth/sri/stats1.html |title=General Information on Lab-Confirmed Cases of Pandemic H1N1 Influenza |publisher=Manitoba Health and Healthy Living |date=1 February 2010 |access-date=27 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091124103157/http://www.gov.mb.ca/health/publichealth/sri/stats1.html |archive-date=24 November 2009 |url-status=live}} As of 1 February 2010, there had been 1,774 new confirmed cases, with 4 deaths since the start of the "second wave" 6 October.
On 3 May, the first case in Manitoba was confirmed in the Brandon area.{{cite news |url=http://www.winnipegsun.com/news/winnipeg/2009/05/03/9334781.html |title=Flu strain arrives in Manitoba |date=3 May 2009 |work=Winnipeg Sun |access-date=23 May 2009 |archive-date=7 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507215333/http://www.winnipegsun.com/news/winnipeg/2009/05/03/9334781.html |url-status=live }} The second case in Manitoba was announced on 12 May. The second case, a Winnipeg woman in her 50s was admitted to hospital, although the province noted she also has an unidentified underlying medical condition.{{citation needed|date=September 2010}}
=Newfoundland and Labrador=
As of 4 January 2010, there were 267 hospitalized cases in the province.{{cite web|url=http://www.health.gov.nl.ca/health/hsi/default.htm |title=Information on H1N1 Influenza Virus |date=4 January 2010 |work=Health and Community Services |publisher=Government of Newfoundland and Labrador |access-date=5 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100120015112/http://www.health.gov.nl.ca/HEALTH/hsi/default.htm |archive-date=20 January 2010 |url-status=dead }}
On 13 June, Newfoundland and Labrador reported their first case of swine flu, becoming the final province to do so. The case involves a sample collected from a young man who was treated Thursday 11 June at the hospital in Grand Falls-Windsor.{{cite news | url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/first-swine-flu-case-finally-confirmed-in-n-l-1.808166 | title=First swine flu case finally confirmed in N.L. | work=CBC News | date=13 June 2009 | access-date=2 November 2009 | archive-date=12 July 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090712133528/http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/06/13/swine-flu-613.html | url-status=live }}
The first recorded death of a person with swine flu was recorded on 1 November 2009, when a 36-year-old woman died from the virus.{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/n-l-records-1st-h1n1-related-death-1.793845 |work=CBC News |title=N.L. records 1st H1N1-related death |date=1 November 2009 |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091103053827/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2009/11/01/flu-death.html |archive-date=3 November 2009 |url-status=live}}
=New Brunswick=
The first case in New Brunswick was confirmed to be present in Greater Moncton on 1 May 2009.{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/public-health-confirms-1st-swine-flu-case-in-n-b-1.814487 |title=Public health confirms 1st swine flu case in N.B. |publisher=CBC News |date=1 May 2009 |access-date=1 May 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090504015338/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/new-brunswick/story/2009/05/01/nb-h1n1-swine-flu-940.html| archive-date= 4 May 2009 | url-status= live}}
By 28 August, there had been 147 confirmed cases in New Brunswick. The first deaths occurred 13 November.flu bulletins available at {{cite web|url=http://www.gnb.ca/0053/influenza/surveillance-e.asp |title=Influenza Surveillance Activities in New Brunswick |publisher=New Brunswick Health |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026124017/http://www.gnb.ca/0053/influenza/surveillance-e.asp |archive-date=26 October 2009 |url-status=dead}}
=Northwest Territories=
On 1 June, the Northwest Territories confirmed their first case of swine flu.{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/new-swine-flu-cases-confirmed-in-n-w-t-nunavut-1.834060|title=New swine flu cases confirmed in N.W.T., Nunavut|date=1 June 2009|publisher=CBC|access-date=2 June 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090606215950/http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/06/01/nunavut-flu-cases.html| archive-date= 6 June 2009 | url-status= live}} The first death occurred in November.
=Nova Scotia=
From the beginning of the 2009–10 flu season in September until 2 December, there were 739 confirmed cases, including 255 hospitalizations.{{cite news |title=Nova Scotia H1N1 Summary |date=2 December 2009 |url=http://www.gov.ns.ca/news/details.asp?id=20091202002 |access-date=9 December 2009 |archive-date=8 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608070919/http://www.gov.ns.ca/news/details.asp?id=20091202002 |url-status=live }}
First cases: Nova Scotia's chief medical officer, Robert Strang, said on 26 April that the National Microbiology Laboratory in Winnipeg confirmed late the previous day that four people in the province between the ages of 12 and 18 were recovering from "relatively mild" cases of the disease. The four people were students attending King's-Edgehill School preparatory school in Windsor, Nova Scotia. One of the infected students had been on a recent school trip to the Yucatán Peninsula in southern Mexico.{{cite press release| title = Flu Update, Sunday, April 26, 2009 |publisher = King's-Edgehill School |date=26 April 2009 |url=http://www.kes.ns.ca/news.asp?nid=461 |access-date =26 April 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090429205537/http://www.kes.ns.ca/news.asp?nid=461| archive-date= 29 April 2009 | url-status= dead}}{{cite news|title=Health officials confirm 6 cases of swine flu in Canada |publisher=CBC News |date=26 April 2009 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/health-officials-confirm-6-cases-of-swine-flu-in-canada-1.803361 |access-date=23 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429101523/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2009/04/26/mexico-swine-flu.html |archive-date=29 April 2009 |url-status=live }}
=Ontario=
There were 8,633 confirmed cases in Ontario, with 1,725 hospitalizations as of 10 December.{{cite news |url=http://www.health.gov.on.ca/english/providers/program/pubhealth/flu/flu_09/bulletins/flu_bul_01_20091204.pdf |title=Ontario Influenza Bulletin – Surveillance Week 47 (November 22, 2009 – November 28, 2009) |publisher=Health Ontario |date=2 December 2009 |access-date=8 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610141413/http://www.health.gov.on.ca/english/providers/program/pubhealth/flu/flu_09/bulletins/flu_bul_01_20091204.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2011 |url-status=dead}}
On 27 April 2009, four cases were suspected to be swine flu in Ontario. This number grew to ten cases in five days.{{cite news |title=Ontario probes suspected swine flu cases amid pandemic fears |publisher=CBC News |date=27 April 2009 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/who-boosts-pandemic-alert-level-to-4-1.782651 |access-date=23 May 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090430133521/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2009/04/27/swine-flu042709.html| archive-date= 30 April 2009 | url-status= live}} On 25 May, Ontario Health Minister David Caplan confirmed that a Toronto man in his 40s had died of the virus.{{cite news |title=3rd person to die with swine flu in Canada was from Ontario |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/3rd-person-to-die-with-swine-flu-in-canada-was-from-ontario-1.812487 |publisher=CBC News |date=2 June 2009 |access-date=2 November 2009 |archive-date=14 June 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090614204219/http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/06/01/ontario-swineflu-death.html |url-status=live }}{{cite news |title=Second swine-flu death in Toronto |work=The Star |place=Toronto |date=1 June 2009 |author=Theresa Boyle}}
The Toronto region acted as a secondary epicentre during the 2003 SARS epidemic, and took extra precautions against the H1N1 virus in the early stages of the pandemic.{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/opinions/2009/04/30/2009-04-30_to_control_swine_flu_lets_heed_the_lessons_of_sars.html |title=To control swine flu lets heed the lessons of SARS |date=30 April 2009 |work=New York Daily News |access-date=23 May 2009 | first=Betsy | last=McCaughey| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090503083308/http://www.nydailynews.com/opinions/2009/04/30/2009-04-30_to_control_swine_flu_lets_heed_the_lessons_of_sars.html| archive-date= 3 May 2009 | url-status= live}}
Ontario is also home to what is believed to be the youngest Canadian death from swine flu, that of a two-month-old infant on 2 November 2009.{{cite news|title=Infant, Two Adults Die Of H1N1, London, Ont. Health Official Says |url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2009/11/05/infant-two-adults-die-of-h1n1-london-ont-health-official-says/ |work=CityNews |date=5 November 2009 |access-date=8 April 2025}} This death, is one of three recently reported in London, Ontario, and has brought the number of confirmed deaths from H1N1 since April in Ontario to 95 as of 26 November 2009.
=Prince Edward Island=
As of 8 December 2009, there were 50 hospitalizations in the province, and no deaths.{{cite news |url=http://www.gov.pe.ca/flu/index.php3?number=1029963&lang=E |title=P.E.I. Department of Health – Hospital Surveillance |date=8 December 2009 |access-date=8 December 2009 |archive-date=10 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610234823/http://www.gov.pe.ca/flu/index.php3?number=1029963&lang=E |url-status=live }}
Prince Edward Island confirmed its first two cases in Charlottetown on 4 May 2009.{{cite news |url=http://www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2009/05/04/9343891.html |title=P.E.I., N.B. confirm more swine flu cases |publisher=The Canadian Press |date=4 May 2009 |access-date=4 May 2009 |archive-date=24 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124213028/http://www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2009/05/04/9343891.html |url-status=live }}
Image:AntigenicShift HiRes.svgs can occur that create new influenza strains.]]
=Quebec=
There had been 2,422 hospitalized cases as of 4 December 2009.{{cite news| url=http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/h1n1/surveillance-eng.php |title=Statistiques descriptives de la grippe pandemique A(H1N1) |date=4 December 2009 |access-date=8 December 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091210012959/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/h1n1/surveillance-eng.php| archive-date= 10 December 2009 | url-status= live}}
While an early case Quebec turned out not to be swine flu,{{cite web |author=Staff Writer |title=Two released from quarantine at Lakeshore General |date=25 April 2009 |publisher=CTV |location=Montreal |access-date=27 April 2009 |url=http://montreal.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20090425/mtl_exclusive_090425/20090425/?hub=MontrealHome|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706175032/http://montreal.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20090425/mtl_exclusive_090425/20090425/?hub=MontrealHome|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 July 2011}} on 30 April 2009, the first case in the province was confirmed in the Greater Montreal Area.
The first case of death was announced on 8 June, making the total of 4 deaths for Canada. The person was a more than 65-year-old woman suffering from respiratory diseases before being hospitalized on 2 June. According to medical expertise, she had never traveled to Mexico and had no contact with those who did.{{cite news|url=https://montrealgazette.com/Health/Quebec+first+swine+death/1676097/story.html |work=The Gazette |place=Montreal |title=Quebec has first swine flu death |author=Kevin Dougherty |date=9 June 2009 |access-date=23 June 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090614040356/http://www.montrealgazette.com/Health/Quebec%2Bfirst%2Bswine%2Bdeath/1676097/story.html |archive-date=14 June 2009 |url-status=dead }}
Confirmed cases totalled 10,714 between 30 August and 4 December 2009.
=Saskatchewan=
The first cases were confirmed on 7 May in the Saskatoon and Regina areas.{{Cite news |date=7 May 2009 |title=2 swine flu cases in Saskatchewan |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/2-swine-flu-cases-found-in-saskatchewan-1.794007 |access-date=7 May 2009 |publisher=CBC |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701035740/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/2-swine-flu-cases-found-in-saskatchewan-1.794007 |url-status=live }}
The province stopped counting individual cases as of 23 July 2009. At that point there were 888 confirmed cases.{{cite web|url=http://www.health.gov.sk.ca/H1N1-surveillance |title=H1N1 Flu Virus Surveillance Results |date=22 October 2009 |work=Government of Saskatchewan |publisher=Ministry of Health |access-date=17 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091129103104/http://www.health.gov.sk.ca/H1N1-surveillance |archive-date=29 November 2009 |url-status=dead }}
=Yukon=
On 12 May 2009, Yukon reported its first case of swine flu. The first death was a school-aged girl who died on 1 November.{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/yukon-girl-dies-from-swine-flu-complications-1.819158|title=Yahoo!|website=www.newsrunner.com}}
=Totals=
| class="wikitable sortable" |
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Province/Territory
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Confirmed Deaths by 20 February
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Increase Reported 14 – 20 February
|-style="text-align: center;"
| 57
| 1
|-style="text-align: center; background: #efefef;"
| Alberta
| 71
| 0
|-style="text-align: center;"
| 15
| 0
|-style="text-align: center; background: #efefef;"
| Manitoba
| 11
| 0
|-style="text-align: center;"
| Ontario
| 128
| 0
|-style="text-align: center; background: #efefef;"
| Quebec
| 108
| 0
|-style="text-align: center;"
| 8
| 0
|-style="text-align: center; background: #efefef;"
| 7
| 0
|-style="text-align: center;"
| 0
| 0
|-style="text-align: center; background: #efefef;"
| 18
| 0
|-style="text-align: center;"
| Yukon
| 3
| 0
|-style="text-align: center; background: #efefef;"
| 1
| 0
|-style="text-align: center;"
| Nunavut
| 1
| 0
|-style="text-align: center; background: #CCCCCC;"
| Total
| 428
| 1
|}
=Progression Chart=
| align="center" |
| align="center"
| Evolution of the Novel Human Swine Influenza A/H1N1(2009) Mexican Flu in Canada Government of Canada – Health Canada: [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine_200904-eng.php Update bulletins for influenza A H1N1 2009 (human swine influenza)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090818093622/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine_200904-eng.php |date=18 August 2009 }} ImageSize = width:666 height:500 PlotArea = width:600 height:440 left:66 bottom:10 AlignBars = late Period = from:0 till:11111 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal BarData= bar:00/00 text:" Date " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-eng.php" bar:04/26 text:"09-04-26" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090426-eng.php" bar:04/28 text:"09-04-28" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090428-eng.php" bar:04/29 text:"09-04-29" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090429-eng.php" bar:04/30 text:"09-04-30" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090430-eng.php" bar:05/01 text:"09-05-01" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090501-eng.php" bar:05/02 text:"09-05-02" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090502-eng.php" bar:05/03 text:"09-05-03" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090503-eng.php" bar:05/04 text:"09-05-04" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090504-eng.php" bar:05/05 text:"09-05-05" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090505-eng.php" bar:05/06 text:"09-05-06" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090506-eng.php" bar:05/07 text:"09-05-07" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090507-eng.php" bar:05/08 text:"09-05-08" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090508-eng.php" bar:05/09 text:"09-05-09" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090509-eng.php" bar:05/10 text:"09-05-10" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090510-eng.php" bar:05/11 text:"09-05-11" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090511-eng.php" bar:05/12 text:"09-05-12" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090512-eng.php" bar:05/13 text:"09-05-13" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090513-eng.php" bar:05/15 text:"09-05-15" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090515-eng.php" bar:05/20 text:"09-05-20" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090520-eng.php" bar:05/22 text:"09-05-22" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090522-eng.php" bar:05/25 text:"09-05-25" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090525-eng.php" bar:05/27 text:"09-05-27" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090527-eng.php" bar:05/29 text:"09-05-29" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090529-eng.php" bar:06/01 text:"09-06-01" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090601-eng.php" bar:06/03 text:"09-06-03" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090603-eng.php" bar:06/05 text:"09-06-05" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090605-eng.php" bar:06/08 text:"09-06-08" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090608-eng.php" bar:06/10 text:"09-06-10" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090610-eng.php" bar:06/12 text:"09-06-12" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090612-eng.php" bar:06/15 text:"09-06-15" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090615-eng.php" bar:06/17 text:"09-06-17" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090617-eng.php" bar:06/19 text:"09-06-19" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090619-eng.php" bar:06/22 text:"09-06-22" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090622-eng.php" bar:06/24 text:"09-06-24" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090624-eng.php" bar:06/26 text:"09-06-26" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090626-eng.php" bar:06/29 text:"09-06-29" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090626-eng.php" bar:07/03 text:"09-07-03" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090703-eng.php" bar:07/08 text:"09-07-08" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090708-eng.php" bar:07/10 text:"09-07-10" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090710-eng.php" bar:07/15 text:"09-07-15" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090715-eng.php" PlotData= width:15 textcolor:blue fontsize:M bar:00/00 color:blue from:0 till:0 text:" Confirmed Cases (to 15 July 2009)" shift:(5,-03) link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/surveillance-archive-eng.php" bar:04/26 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 6 " shift:(5,-03) bar:04/26 color:red from:0 till:6 bar:04/28 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 13 " shift:(5,-03) bar:04/28 color:red from:0 till:13 bar:04/29 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 19 " shift:(5,-03) bar:04/29 color:red from:0 till:19 bar:04/30 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 34 " shift:(5,-03) bar:04/30 color:red from:0 till:34 bar:05/01 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 51 " shift:(10,-03) bar:05/01 color:red from:0 till:51 bar:05/02 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 85 " shift:(10,-03) bar:05/02 color:red from:0 till:85 bar:05/03 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 101 " shift:(15,-03) bar:05/03 color:red from:0 till:101 bar:05/04 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 140 " shift:(15,-03) bar:05/04 color:red from:0 till:140 bar:05/05 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 165 " shift:(20,-03) bar:05/05 color:red from:0 till:165 bar:05/06 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 201 " shift:(25,-03) bar:05/06 color:red from:0 till:201 bar:05/07 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 214 " shift:(25,-03) bar:05/07 color:red from:0 till:214 bar:05/08 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 242 " shift:(25,-03) bar:05/08 color:red from:0 till:242 bar:05/09 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 280 " shift:(30,-03) bar:05/09 color:red from:0 till:280 bar:05/10 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 284 " shift:(30,-03) bar:05/10 color:red from:0 till:284 bar:05/11 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 330 " shift:(35,-03) bar:05/11 color:red from:0 till:330 bar:05/12 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 358 " shift:(40,-03) bar:05/12 color:red from:0 till:358 bar:05/13 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 389 " shift:(40,-03) bar:05/13 color:red from:0 till:389 bar:05/15 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 496 " shift:(50,-03) bar:05/15 color:red from:0 till:496 textcolor:white fontsize:M bar:05/20 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 719 " shift:(0,-03) bar:05/20 color:red from:0 till:719 bar:05/22 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 805 " shift:(0,-03) bar:05/22 color:red from:0 till:805 bar:05/25 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 921 " shift:(0,-03) bar:05/25 color:red from:0 till:921 bar:05/27 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 1118 " shift:(0,-03) bar:05/27 color:red from:0 till:1118 bar:05/29 color:red from:0 till:1336 text:" 1336 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/01 color:red from:0 till:1530 text:" 1530 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/03 color:red from:0 till:1795 text:" 1795 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/05 color:red from:0 till:2115 text:" 2115 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/08 color:red from:0 till:2446 text:" 2446 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/10 color:red from:0 till:2978 text:" 2978 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/12 color:red from:0 till:3515 text:" 3515 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/15 color:red from:0 till:4049 text:" 4049 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/17 color:red from:0 till:4905 text:" 4905 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/19 color:red from:0 till:5710 text:" 5710 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/22 color:red from:0 till:6457 text:" 6457 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/24 color:red from:0 till:6732 text:" 6732 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/26 color:red from:0 till:7775 text:" 7775 " shift:(0,-03) bar:06/29 color:red from:0 till:7983 text:" 7983 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/03 color:red from:0 till:8883 text:" 8883 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/08 color:red from:0 till:9429 text:" 9429 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/10 color:red from:0 till:9717 text:" 9717 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/15 color:red from:0 till:10156 text:" 10,156 " shift:(0,-03) ImageSize = width:666 height:640 PlotArea = width:600 height:620 left:66 bottom:10 AlignBars = late Period = from:0 till:500 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal BarData= bar:00/00 text:" Date " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-eng.php" bar:05/08 text:"09-05-08" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090508-eng.php" bar:05/27 text:"09-05-27" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090527-eng.php" bar:06/03 text:"09-06-03" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090603-eng.php" bar:06/08 text:"09-06-08" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090608-eng.php" bar:06/15 text:"09-06-15" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090615-eng.php" bar:06/17 text:"09-06-17" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090617-eng.php" bar:06/19 text:"09-06-19" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090619-eng.php" bar:06/22 text:"09-06-22" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090622-eng.php" bar:06/24 text:"09-06-24" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090624-eng.php" bar:06/26 text:"09-06-26" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090626-eng.php" bar:06/29 text:"09-06-29" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090626-eng.php" bar:07/03 text:"09-07-03" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090703-eng.php" bar:07/08 text:"09-07-08" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090708-eng.php" bar:07/10 text:"09-07-10" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090710-eng.php" bar:07/15 text:"09-07-15" link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090715-eng.php" bar:07/21 text:" 09-07-21 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090721-eng.php" bar:07/23 text:" 09-07-23 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090723-eng.php" bar:07/28 text:" 09-07-28 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090728-eng.php" bar:07/30 text:" 09-07-30 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090730-eng.php" bar:08/04 text:" 09-08-04 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090804-eng.php" bar:08/06 text:" 09-08-06 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090806-eng.php" bar:08/11 text:" 09-08-11 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090811-eng.php" bar:08/13 text:" 09-08-13 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090813-eng.php" bar:08/18 text:" 09-08-18 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090818-eng.php" bar:08/20 text:" 09-08-20 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090820-eng.php" bar:08/25 text:" 09-08-25 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090825-eng.php" bar:08/27 text:" 09-08-27 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090827-eng.php" bar:09/08 text:" 09-09-08 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090908-eng.php" bar:09/10 text:" 09-09-10 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090910-eng.php" bar:09/15 text:" 09-09-15 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090915-eng.php" bar:09/22 text:" 09-09-22 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20090922-eng.php" bar:10/08 text:" 09-10-08 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091008-eng.php" bar:10/15 text:" 09-10-15 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091015-eng.php" bar:10/20 text:" 09-10-20 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091020-eng.php" bar:10/22 text:" 09-10-22 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091022-eng.php" bar:10/27 text:" 09-10-27 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091027-eng.php" bar:10/29 text:" 09-10-29 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091029-eng.php" bar:11/03 text:" 09-11-03 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091103-eng.php" bar:11/05 text:" 09-11-05 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091105-eng.php" bar:11/10 text:" 09-11-10 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091110-eng.php" bar:11/12 text:" 09-11-12 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091112-eng.php" bar:11/17 text:" 09-11-17 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091117-eng.php" bar:11/19 text:" 09-11-19 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091119-eng.php" bar:11/24 text:" 09-11-24 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091124-eng.php" bar:11/26 text:" 09-11-26 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091126-eng.php" bar:12/01 text:" 09-12-01 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091201-eng.php" bar:12/03 text:" 09-12-03 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091203-eng.php" bar:12/08 text:" 09-12-08 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091208-eng.php" bar:12/10 text:" 09-12-10 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091210-eng.php" bar:12/15 text:" 09-12-15 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091215-eng.php" bar:12/17 text:" 09-12-17 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091217-eng.php" bar:12/23 text:" 09-12-23 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091223-eng.php" bar:12/30 text:" 09-12-30 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20091230-eng.php" bar:01/07 text:" 10-01-07 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20100107-eng.php" bar:01/14 text:" 10-01-14 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20100114-eng.php" bar:01/21 text:" 10-01-21 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20100121-eng.php" bar:01/28 text:" 10-01-28 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/20100128-eng.php" bar:02/13 text:" 10-02-13 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/09-10/w06_10/index-eng.php" bar:02/20 text:" 10-02-20 " link:"http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/09-10/w07_10/index-eng.php" PlotData= width:15 textcolor:blue fontsize:M bar:00/00 color:blue from:0 till:0 text:" Deaths " shift:(5,-03) link:"https://web.archive.org/web/20090619145113/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine-porcine/surveillance-archive/surveillance-archive-eng.php" bar:05/08 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 1 " shift:(5,-03) bar:05/08 color:black from:0 till:1 bar:05/27 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 2 " shift:(5,-03) bar:05/27 color:black from:0 till:2 bar:06/03 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 3 " shift:(5,-03) bar:06/03 color:black from:0 till:3 bar:06/08 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 4 " shift:(5,-03) bar:06/08 color:black from:0 till:4 bar:06/15 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 7 " shift:(15,-03) bar:06/15 color:black from:0 till:7 bar:06/17 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 12 " shift:(20,-03) bar:06/17 color:black from:0 till:12 bar:06/19 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 13 " shift:(20,-03) bar:06/19 color:black from:0 till:13 bar:06/22 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 15 " shift:(25,-03) bar:06/22 color:black from:0 till:15 bar:06/24 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 19 " shift:(30,-03) bar:06/24 color:black from:0 till:19 bar:06/26 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 21 " shift:(35,-03) bar:06/26 color:black from:0 till:21 bar:06/29 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 25 " shift:(40,-03) bar:06/29 color:black from:0 till:25 bar:07/03 color:white from:0 till:0 text:" 29 " shift:(45,-03) bar:07/03 color:black from:0 till:29 textcolor:white fontsize:M bar:07/08 color:black from:0 till:37 text:" 37 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/10 color:black from:0 till:39 text:" 39 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/15 color:black from:0 till:45 text:" 45 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/21 color:black from:0 till:50 text:" 50 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/23 color:black from:0 till:55 text:" 55 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/28 color:black from:0 till:58 text:" 58 " shift:(0,-03) bar:07/30 color:black from:0 till:59 text:" 59 " shift:(0,-03) bar:08/04 color:black from:0 till:62 text:" 62 " shift:(0,-03) bar:08/06 color:black from:0 till:64 text:" 64 " shift:(0,-03) bar:08/11 color:black from:0 till:66 text:" 66 " shift:(0,-03) bar:08/13 color:black from:0 till:66 text:" 66 " shift:(0,-03) bar:08/18 color:black from:0 till:67 text:" 67 " shift:(0,-03) bar:08/20 color:black from:0 till:71 text:" 71 " shift:(0,-03) bar:08/25 color:black from:0 till:71 text:" 71 " shift:(0,-03) bar:08/27 color:black from:0 till:72 text:" 72 " shift:(0,-03) bar:09/08 color:black from:0 till:73 text:" 73 " shift:(0,-03) bar:09/10 color:black from:0 till:74 text:" 74 " shift:(0,-03) bar:09/15 color:black from:0 till:76 text:" 76 " shift:(0,-03) bar:09/22 color:black from:0 till:78 text:" 78 " shift:(0,-03) bar:10/08 color:black from:0 till:79 text:" 79 " shift:(0,-03) bar:10/15 color:black from:0 till:80 text:" 80 " shift:(0,-03) bar:10/20 color:black from:0 till:83 text:" 83 " shift:(0,-03) bar:10/22 color:black from:0 till:86 text:" 86 " shift:(0,-03) bar:10/27 color:black from:0 till:89 text:" 89 " shift:(0,-03) bar:10/29 color:black from:0 till:95 text:" 95 " shift:(0,-03) bar:11/03 color:black from:0 till:101 text:" 101 " shift:(0,-03) bar:11/05 color:black from:0 till:115 text:" 115 " shift:(0,-03) bar:11/10 color:black from:0 till:135 text:" 135 " shift:(0,-03) bar:11/12 color:black from:0 till:161 text:" 161 " shift:(0,-03) bar:11/17 color:black from:0 till:198 text:" 198 " shift:(0,-03) bar:11/19 color:black from:0 till:250 text:" 250 " shift:(0,-03) bar:11/24 color:black from:0 till:279 text:" 279 " shift:(0,-03) bar:11/26 color:black from:0 till:309 text:" 309 " shift:(0,-03) bar:12/01 color:black from:0 till:329 text:" 329 " shift:(0,-03) bar:12/03 color:black from:0 till:357 text:" 357 " shift:(0,-03) bar:12/08 color:black from:0 till:363 text:" 363 " shift:(0,-03) bar:12/10 color:black from:0 till:373 text:" 373 " shift:(0,-03) bar:12/15 color:black from:0 till:390 text:" 390 " shift:(0,-03) bar:12/17 color:black from:0 till:397 text:" 397 " shift:(0,-03) bar:12/23 color:black from:0 till:401 text:" 401 " shift:(0,-03) bar:12/30 color:black from:0 till:410 text:" 410 " shift:(0,-03) bar:01/07 color:black from:0 till:415 text:" 415 " shift:(0,-03) bar:01/14 color:black from:0 till:418 text:" 418 " shift:(0,-03) bar:01/21 color:black from:0 till:425 text:" 425 " shift:(0,-03) bar:01/28 color:black from:0 till:426 text:" 426 " shift:(0,-03) bar:02/13 color:black from:0 till:427 text:" 427 " shift:(0,-03) bar:02/20 color:black from:0 till:428 text:" 428 " shift:(0,-03) |
{{Clear}}
Non-human cases
On 2 May, the first incidence in Canada of the flu in pigs was discovered on a farm in Alberta.{{cite news |work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124135130674780783 |title=Pigs in Canada Contract Flu Virus |date=3 May 2009 |author=Lauren Etter |access-date=3 May 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090505082943/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124135130674780783.html| archive-date= 5 May 2009 | url-status= live}} It is suspected that an infected farmhand who recently returned from Mexico infected the animals.{{cite news |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/8031309.stm |title=Canada farm worker 'infects pigs' |date=3 May 2009 |access-date=3 May 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090504172350/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/8031309.stm| archive-date= 4 May 2009 | url-status= live}}
In Canada in early June, the Alberta pig farmer whose herd was infected with the new swine flu virus culled his entire herd. In May he had already culled 500 animals from his herd. The farm owner said the animals could not be marketed because they are under quarantine and he was facing a problem with overcrowding.[http://www.healthzone.ca/health/article/647016 "3,000 Alberta hogs culled due to swine flu"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219095605/http://www.healthzone.ca/health/article/647016 |date=19 February 2012 }} Health Zone – Canada, 7 June 2009
Response
{{Further|2009 swine flu outbreak by country}}
Michael Gardam, director of infectious disease prevention and control at the [https://web.archive.org/web/20080505084247/http://www.oahpp.ca/ Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion], said in an interview with the CBC that an outbreak of swine flu in Ontario, Canada's most populous province, would not be as serious as the 2003 SARS epidemic.{{cite news| title = Swine flu not as serious as SARS: Canada's Ontario| url = https://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE53N4PB20090424 |author1=Ljunggren David |author2=Anderson Scott |date=24 April 2009 |work=Reuters |access-date=23 May 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090427110026/https://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE53N4PB20090424| archive-date= 27 April 2009 | url-status= live}} In preparing for and dealing with an influenza pandemic, the Public Health Agency of Canada follows the WHO's categories, but has expanded them somewhat.{{cite web |url=http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/cpip-pclcpi/index-eng.php |publisher=Public Health Agency of Canada |title=The Canadian Pandemic Influenza Plan for the Health Sector |access-date=23 May 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090521172412/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/cpip-pclcpi/index-eng.php| archive-date= 21 May 2009 | url-status= live|date=8 December 2006 }} Despite initial reports of two swine influenza cases in Montreal's Lakeshore General Hospital, Johanne Simard of the [https://web.archive.org/web/20090423052013/http://www.santemontreal.qc.ca/en/index.html Montreal Regional Health Board] confirmed negative results for all quarantined patients at the hospital and that no quarantines were currently in effect at the hospital.{{cite web|url=https://montrealgazette.com/Health/Swine+fears+Lakeshore+General+unfounded/1534676/story.html |title=Swine-flu fears at Lakeshore General unfounded |publisher=The Gazette (Montreal) |location=Montreal |date=25 April 2009 |access-date=25 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427135648/http://www.montrealgazette.com/Health/Swine%2Bfears%2BLakeshore%2BGeneral%2Bunfounded/1534676/story.html |archive-date=27 April 2009 |url-status=dead }} The National Microbiology Laboratory in Winnipeg confirmed cases of human swine influenza virus in clinical specimens sent from Mexico{{cite news|publisher=CBC News |title=Canadian lab confirms human swine flu cases in Mexico |date=24 April 2009 |access-date=1 May 2009 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/amp/1.822929 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429101548/http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/04/24/health-flu-mexico090424.html |archive-date=29 April 2009 |url-status=live }} and the Canadian government issued a travel advisory for Mexico, warning Canadians who have returned from the country of the severe respiratory illness.{{cite news|title=Travel advisory warns of severe respiratory illness in Mexico |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/travel-advisory-warns-of-severe-respiratory-illness-in-mexico-1.811539 |date=23 April 2009 |access-date=1 May 2009 |work=CBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426204443/http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/04/23/respiratory-illness-flu-mexico.html |archive-date=26 April 2009 |url-status=live }}
On 26 April, the Government of Nova Scotia announced on a live webcast that four students in Windsor, Nova Scotia, have confirmed cases of swine flu.{{cite web |url=http://lfpress.ca/newsstand/News/CanadaWorld/2009/04/26/9252691-cp.html |title=Health officials confirm swine flu in Canada |date=26 April 2009 |publisher=The Canadian Press |access-date=26 April 2009 |archive-date=19 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319154931/http://lfpress.ca/newsstand/News/CanadaWorld/2009/04/26/9252691-cp.html |url-status=dead }} Later that day, the Federal Government confirmed the existence of a total of six cases in Canada; four in Nova Scotia and two in British Columbia. Federal Health minister Leona Aglukkaq said the Canadian federal government would take whatever measures were necessary to keep the public safe, and that as Canada continued to ramp out its surveillance efforts there would likely be more reported cases. She also said she had been in contact with her provincial and territorial counterparts and had ordered the Public Health Agency of Canada to alert border authorities, quarantine officers and other officials.{{cite news|author=Staff Writer |title=6 cases of swine flu confirmed in Canada: health officials |date=26 April 2009 |publisher=CBC News |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/health-officials-confirm-6-cases-of-swine-flu-in-canada-1.803361 |access-date=23 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429101523/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2009/04/26/mexico-swine-flu.html |archive-date=29 April 2009 |url-status=live }} However, Canada's Chief Public Health Officer, David Butler-Jones, stated that the six affected Canadians suffered from only mild symptoms and have already started to recover. However, Butler-Jones warned against complacency, stating that the fact that only mild cases have been reported so far "doesn't mean we won't see either some more severe illness or potentially deaths."{{cite web |url=http://www.healthzone.ca/health/article/624655 |title=Swine flu confirmed in Canada : Unlike deadly outbreak in Mexico, the cases in Nova Scotia and B.C. were mild and didn't require hospitalization |author=Brennan Richard J |work=The Star |location=Toronto |date=26 April 2009 |access-date=23 May 2009 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090519052515/http://www.healthzone.ca/health/article/624655| archive-date= 19 May 2009 | url-status= live}} In both provinces, the cases either involved people who had recently returned from Mexico or those in close contact with such people.{{cite web|author=Staff Writer |title=Six swine flu cases confirmed in Canada |date=26 April 2009 |publisher=CTV Media |access-date=26 April 2009 |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/six-swine-flu-cases-confirmed-in-canada-1.393109 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429032451/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20090426/swine_flu_090426/20090426 |url-status=live |archive-date=29 April 2009 }}
In a step towards understanding the outbreak, and developing a vaccine, Canadian scientists completed the first full genetic sequencing of the H1N1 swine flu virus on 6 May.{{cite press release |title=H1N1 virus genome: 'This is a world first' |date=6 May 2009 |work=The Independent |place=Cape Town |agency=Agence France Press |url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?art_id=nw20090506191835578C369647&click_id=31&set_id=1 |access-date=6 May 2009 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090510132647/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=31&art_id=nw20090506191835578C369647| archive-date=10 May 2009| url-status= dead}}
The high percentage of mild to severe cases amongst First Nations Peoples in Manitoba and Northern Ontario, when compared to the general population, have raised questions about the vulnerability of these communities to H1N1 across Canada.{{cite news|url=https://montrealgazette.com/Health/Aboriginal+populations+vulnerable+H1N1+Report/1756277/story.html|title=Aboriginal populations vulnerable to H1N1: Report|date=3 July 2009|work=The Montreal Gazette|access-date=4 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090707005203/http://www.montrealgazette.com/Health/Aboriginal+populations+vulnerable+H1N1+Report/1756277/story.html|archive-date=7 July 2009|url-status=dead}}{{cite news |url=http://www2.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/columnists/story.html?id=9e42d002-c8f0-4889-9337-41271a149455|title= First Nations prime ground for H1N1 pandemic |date=19 June 2009 |publisher=The Star Phoenix |access-date=2 July 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090621012959/http://www2.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/columnists/story.html?id=9e42d002-c8f0-4889-9337-41271a149455| archive-date= 21 June 2009 | url-status= dead}} Concerns have also risen about whether the Canadian government's pandemic preparation plan is able to properly address the specific needs of these communities.{{cite news |url=http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7015604180 |title=First Nations Chief in Manitoba Declares State of Emergency Over H1N1 Virus |date=25 June 2009 |publisher=AHN |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627032734/http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7015604180 |archive-date=27 June 2009 |url-status=dead}}
Timeline
| class="wikitable" |
! style="background:#ddf"|2009
! style="background:#ddf"|A(H1N1) Outbreak and Pandemic Milestones in Canada
|-
|rowspan=2| 26 April
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Nova Scotia}} First case confirmed in Nova Scotia (First Case in Canada)
|-
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|British Columbia}} First confirmed case in British Columbia.
|-
|rowspan=2| 28 April
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Alberta}} First confirmed case in Alberta.
|-
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Ontario}} First confirmed case in Ontario.
|-
| 30 April
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Quebec}} First confirmed case in Quebec
|-
| 1 May
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|New Brunswick}} First confirmed case in New Brunswick
|-
|rowspan=2| 3 May
|style="background:#c0c0c0;"| {{flagicon|Alberta}} First known cases of reverse zoonosis in the world.
|-
|style="background:lightcyan"| {{flagicon|Alberta}} First known infected pigs found in the world.
|-
| 4 May
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Prince Edward Island}} First confirmed cases on Prince Edward Island
|-
|rowspan=3| 7 May
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Alberta}} First death confirmed in Alberta. (first death in Canada)
|-
|style="background:lightblue;"| {{flagicon|Alberta}} First case of zoonosis in Canada, where an infected pig infects a human.
|-
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Saskatchewan}} First confirmed case in Saskatchewan.
|-
| 8 May
|style="background:#ccffcc;"| {{flagicon|Canada}} Community outbreaks confirmed in Canada.
|-
| 9 May
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Manitoba}} First confirmed case in the Manitoba.
|-
| 12 May
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Yukon}} First confirmed case in the Yukon.
|-
| 25 May
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Ontario}} First death in Ontario.
|-
| 28 May
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Nunavut}} First confirmed case in the Nunavut.
|-
| 1 June
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Northwest Territories}} First confirmed case in the Northwest Territories.
|-
| 8 June
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Quebec}} First death in Quebec.
|-
| 13 June
|style="background:lavender"| {{flagicon|Newfoundland and Labrador}} First confirmed case in Newfoundland and Labrador.
|-
| 16 June
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Manitoba}} First death in Manitoba.
|-
| 27 June
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Saskatchewan}} First death in Saskatchewan.
|-
| 14 July
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|British Columbia}} First death in British Columbia.
|-
| 15 July
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Nunavut}} First death in Nunavut.
|-
| 22 July
| style="background:yellow;"| {{flagicon|Quebec}} First case of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) resistance found in Canada.
|-
| 24 July
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Nova Scotia}} First death in Nova Scotia.
|-
| 31 October
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Newfoundland and Labrador}} First death in Newfoundland and Labrador.
|-
| 1 November
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Yukon}} First death in the Yukon.
|-
| 13 November
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|New Brunswick}} First death in New Brunswick.
|-
| 25 November
|style="background:#ffcccc;"| {{flagicon|Northwest Territories}} First death in the Northwest Territories.
|}
See also
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
{{Commons}}
;Canadian
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090422051218/http://www.fightflu.ca/index-eng.html FightFlu.ca]. Updates from the public Health Agency of Canada
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090428204354/http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/iyh-vsv/diseases-maladies/pandem-eng.php Health Canada: Preparing for a pandemic] (Government of Canada)
- [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/alert-alerte/swine_200904-eng.php Public Health Agency of Canada: Swine Influenza]
;International
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090427191833/http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/en/index.html Swine influenza], at the World Health Organization
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20051124003932/http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/phase/en/index.html WHO's Pandemic Influenza Phases]
- [http://www.fludb.org Influenza Research Database] – Database of influenza genomic sequences and related information.
- [https://swap.stanford.edu/20091002055558/http://www.flucount.org/ Confirmed and Suspected Cases]
- [https://www.cdc.gov/swineflu/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Swine Influenza (Flu)]
- [https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/swineflu.html Medical Encyclopedia Medline Plus: Swine Flu]
- [http://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/swine-flu/default.htm Medical Encyclopedia WebMD: Swine Flu Center]
{{2009 swine flu}}
{{Influenza}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:2009 Swine Flu Pandemic In Canada}}