200 Series Shinkansen

{{short description|Japanese high speed train type}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}

{{Infobox train

| name = 200 series

| image = JR East Shinkansen 200(renewal).jpg

| imagesize = 300px

| caption = Refurbished 200 series set K51, July 2008

| stocktype =

| service = 23 June 1982 – 14 April 2013 ({{age in years and days|1982|6|23|2013|4|14}})

| manufacturer = Hitachi, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Kinki Sharyo, Nippon Sharyo, Tokyu Car Corporation

| yearconstruction = 1980–1986

| yearservice = 23 June 1982

| refurbishment = 1999-2002 (K sets)

| successor = E4 series, E5 series, E2 series

| yearscrapped = 1997–

| numberconstruction =

| numberbuilt = 700 vehicles (66 sets)

| numberservice = None

| numberpreserved = 4 vehicles

| numberscrapped = 695 vehicles (of which, set K25 due to earthquake damage)

| formation = 8, 10, 12, 13 or 16 cars per set

| fleetnumbers =

| capacity =

| operator = JNR (1982–1987)
JR East (1987–2013)

| depots = Niigata, Sendai

| lines = Tōhoku Shinkansen, Jōetsu Shinkansen, Gala-Yuzawa Line

| carbody = Aluminium

| carlength = {{Convert|25000|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}

| width = {{Convert|3385|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}

| height = {{Convert|4410|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}

| floorheight =

| doors = Two per side

| maxspeed = {{Convert|210|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
E and G sets)

{{Convert|240|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
F and K sets)

{{Convert|245|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
H sets) {{Convert|275|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
sets F90-93 only)

| weight =

| acceleration =

| deceleration =

| traction = Thyristor drive

| poweroutput =

| transmission =

| aux =

| hvac =

| powersupply =

| electricsystem = 25 kV AC, 50 Hz overhead catenary
25 kV AC, 50Hz and 60Hz overhead catenary (Set F80 only)

| collectionmethod = Pantograph

| bogies =

| brakes =

| safety = ATC-2, DS-ATC

| coupling =

| multipleworking = 400 series, E3 series

| gauge = {{RailGauge|1435 mm|allk=on}}

}}

The {{Nihongo|200 series|200系}} was a Shinkansen high-speed train type introduced by Japanese National Railways (JNR) for the Tohoku Shinkansen and Joetsu Shinkansen high-speed rail lines in Japan, and operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) until 2013. They actually predated the 100 series trains, having been built between 1980 and 1986. It was one of the two recipients of the 23rd Laurel Prize presented by the Japan Railfan Club, the first Shinkansen type to receive that award. The last remaining sets were retired from regular service in March 2013, and were completely withdrawn from service in April 2013.

Design

The 200 Series Shinkansen trains resembled the earlier 0 series trains in styling (some later units had the pointed 'shark nose' of the 100 series), but were lighter and more powerful, since these two lines are mountain routes and have steeper gradients. These lines are also prone to snowfall and the trains had small snowplows fitted, as well as protection of equipment against snow.

They were originally painted in ivory with a green window band and lower bodyside band, but a number of sets were refurbished and painted into a white-upper/dark blue-lower scheme with new wrap-around cab windows from 1999.

The first units were capable of {{convert|210|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} but later ones can do {{convert|240|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}, and four were converted to be capable of {{convert|275|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. Some units were also modified with retractable couplers in the nose for coupling with Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa and Akita Shinkansen Komachi Mini-shinkansen sets. In addition, some of the later 200 series Shinkansen trains were fitted with double-deck cars, which had semi-open standard-class compartments on the lower deck and green class (first class) seating on the upper deck. These too have been removed from service.

Withdrawal of the earlier units began in 1997, and the last remaining unrefurbished set was withdrawn in May 2007.

Variants

Since their introduction in 1982, the 200 series sets have been operated in a number of different formations as described below.{{cite journal| last = Imada| first = Tamotsu| script-title=ja: 新幹線200系|trans-title= 200 Series Shinkansen| journal = Japan Railfan Magazine| volume = 36| issue = 427|pages=15–31| publisher = Kōyūsha Co., Ltd.| location = Japan| date = November 1996}}

=E sets (1982–1993)=

12-car sets for Tōhoku Shinkansen Yamabiko and Aoba services, and for Jōetsu Shinkansen Asahi and Toki services. These had a maximum speed of {{convert|210|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, and remained in service until early 1993.

The 12-car E sets were formed as follows.{{cite book |script-title=ja: 新幹線電車データブック2011 |trans-title=Shinkansen Databook 2011| publisher = JRR| date = March 2011| location = Japan| pages = 70–85| isbn = 978-4-330-19811-8}}

class="wikitable"
Car No.123456style="background: #E6FFE6"| 78style="background: #FFE6EE"| 9101112
Designation

| Mc || M' || M || M' || Mk || M' || style="background: #F5FFF5"| Ms || M' || style="background: #FFF5F8"| MB || M' || M || M'c

Numbering

| 221 || 226 || 225 || 226 || 225-400 || 226 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 215 || 226 || style="background: #FFF5F8"| 237 || 226 || 225 || 222

=F sets (1983–2007)=

File:Shinkansen200.jpg

File:F8 Tanigawa 79 Gala-Yuzawa 20060115.JPG with pointed nose, January 2006]]

12-car 200-1000 series sets with a maximum speed of {{convert|240|km/h|4=0|abbr=on}} which were introduced in November 1983.

From March 1990, four selected 12-car F sets (F90–F93, formerly F54, F59, F14, F16) were upgraded allowing them to run at a maximum of {{Convert|275|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} on a small number of down Asahi services. {{Convert|275|km/h|abbr=on}} services were discontinued on the Jōetsu Shinkansen from 1998, with the introduction of E2 series trains, and the F90 sets were subsequently used interchangeably with other {{convert|240|km/h|4=0|abbr=on}} F sets.

Some F sets are similar to the H sets in that the driving trailer cars were built with a pointed nose, just like the latter. These trains however, feature a solid green line unlike the H sets, where they have two green lines, one thick and one thin, separated by a thin white section near the bottom.

==Formations==

The 12-car F sets were formed as follows, with car 1 at the Tokyo end. Car 11 was a Green (first class) car, and car 9 had a buffet counter.{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 '98夏号 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Summer 1998| publisher = JRR| date = July 1998| location = Japan| page = 9| isbn = 4-88283-029-9}}

class="wikitable"
Car No.12345678style="background: #FFE6EE"| 910style="background: #E6FFE6"| 1112
Designation

| Mc || M' || M || M' || Mk || M' || M || M' || style="background: #FFF5F8"| MB || M' || style="background: #F5FFF5"| MS || M'c

Numbering

| 221 || 226 || 225 || 226 || 225-400 || 226 || 225 || 226 || style="background: #FFF5F8"| 237 || 226 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 215 || 222

Cars 2, 4, 10, and 12 were each fitted with one cross-arm pantograph. (3, 5, 7, and 9 for sets F90-93)

==Interior==

File:200 F green interior Niigata 20020101.jpg|Green car, January 2002

File:200 F interior Niigata 20020101.jpg|Standard-class car with fixed 3-abreast seating rows, January 2002

==Set F80==

File:200 F80 Asama Ueda 19980218.jpg

One F set, F17, was specially modified at Sendai Depot between August 1997 and January 1998 for use on additional Nagano Shinkansen Asama services in February 1998 during the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano. The train was renumbered F80, and modifications included ability to operate on both 25 kV AC 50 Hz and 60 Hz overhead power supplies, weight-saving measures to comply with the 16 tonne axle load restriction, and additional control equipment to cope with the 30 gradient of the Nagano Shinkansen.{{cite journal| script-title=ja: 200系F80編成|trans-title= 200 series set F80| journal = Japan Railfan Magazine| volume = 38| issue = 444|page=64| publisher = Kōyūsha Co., Ltd.| location = Japan| date = April 1998}} Maximum speed was limited to {{convert|210|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} when operating on the Nagano Shinkansen.

Seats in the end cars, cars 1 and 12, were replaced with

E2 series-style seats to reduce weight.

The train was formed as follows, with car 1 at the Tokyo end. Car 11 was a Green (first class) car, and car 9 had a buffet counter.

class="wikitable"
Car No.12345678style="background: #FFE6EE"| 910style="background: #E6FFE6"| 1112
Designation

| Mc || M' || M || M' || Mk || M' || M || M' || style="background: #FFF5F8"| MB || M' || style="background: #F5FFF5"| MS || M'c

Numbering

| 221-1514 || 226-1081 || 225-1033 || 226-1082 || 225-1417 || 226-1083 || 225-1034 || 226-1084 || style="background: #FFF5F8"| 237-1017 || 226-1085 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 215-1017 || 222-1514

Cars 2, 4, 8, and 10 were each fitted with one cross-arm pantograph.

After February 1998, set F80 was used interchangeably with other F sets, and remained in operation until 2004.

=G sets (1987–1999)=

File:Shinkansen 200kei G45.jpg

10-car, and later 8-car, sets formed from the earlier 12-car E sets, with a maximum speed of {{convert|210|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. These entered service from 18 April 1987.

==Formations==

The initial 10-car G sets were formed as follows.

class="wikitable"
Car No.1256style="background: #E6FFE6"| 78style="background: #FFE6EE"| 9101112
Designation

| Mc || M' || M4 || M' || style="background: #F5FFF5"| Ms || M' || style="background: #FFF5F8"| MB || M' || M || M'c

Numbering

| 221 || 226 || 225-400 || 226 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 215 || 226 || style="background: #FFF5F8"| 237 || 226 || 225 || 222

The 8-car G sets were formed as follows.

class="wikitable"
Car No.1234style="background: #E6FFE6"| 56style="background: #FFE6EE"| 78
Designation

| Mc || M' || M4 || M' || style="background: #F5FFF5"| Mhs || M' || style="background: #FFF5F8"| MB || M'c

Numbering

| 221 || 226 || 225-400 || 226 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 215-300 || 226 || style="background: #FFF5F8"| 237 || 222

Cars 2, 4, 6, and 8 were equipped with cross-arm pantographs. Some sets had an "Mpk" car (numbered 225-400) in place of the 237 buffet car for car 11.

{{-}}

=H sets (1990–2005)=

File:Shinkansen 200kei H5 13car.jpg

File:200 H6 Yamabiko 43 Tokyo 20020601.jpg

Six 13-car and later 16-car sets (H1–H6) were formed with a maximum speed of 240 km/h for use on the Yamabiko (nicknamed Super Yamabiko) services, incorporating two bi-level Green cars (cars 9 and 10).{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 '00冬号 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Winter 2000| publisher = JRR| date = January 2000| location = Japan| isbn = 4-88283-032-9}} These sets entered service from 23 June 1990.

Regular operations using 16-car H sets ended from the start of the revised timetable on 13 March 2004, but sets H4 and H5 were reinstated as 12-car sets from the summer of 2004 for seasonal use with their Green cars removed. These two sets remained in service until mid-2005.

==Formations==

The initial 13-car H sets were formed as follows.

class="wikitable"
Car No.123456style="background: #E6FFE6"| 7style="background: #E6FFE6"| 89style="background: #FFE6EE"| 10111213
Designation

| Mc || M' || M || M' || Mk || M' || style="background: #F5FFF5"| TsD || style="background: #F5FFF5"| Ms || M' || style="background: #FFF5F8"| MB || M' || M || M'c

Numbering

| 221 || 226 || 225 || 226 || 225-400 || 226 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 249 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 215 || 226 || style="background: #FFF5F8"| 237 || 226 || 225 || 222

The 16-car H sets were formed as follows.

class="wikitable"
Car No.12345678style="background: #E6FFE6"| 9style="background: #E6FFE6"| 10111213141516
Designation

| Mc || M' || M || M' || M || M' || Mk || M' || style="background: #F5FFF5"| T'sD || style="background: #F5FFF5"| TsD || MCON || M' || M || M' || M || M'c

Numbering

| 221-200 || 226-100 || 225 || 226-100 || 225 || 226 || 225-400 || 226-100 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 249 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 248 || 225-100 || 226-100 || 225-200 || 226-100 || 225 || 222-200

Seating capacity

| 50 || 95 || 80 || 95 || 80 || 95 || 70 || 95 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 67 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 40 || 70 || 95 || 68 || 95 || 80 || 55

Cars 2, 4, 8, 12, and 14 were each fitted with one cross-arm pantograph.

The 12-car H sets (H4 & H5) were formed as follows.

class="wikitable"
Car No.123456789101112
Designation

| Mc || M' || M || M' || Mk || M' || M || M' || M || M' || Mcon || M'c

Numbering

| 221-200 || 226-100 || 225 || 226-100 || 225-400 || 226-100 || 225 || 226-100 || 225-200 || 226-100 || 225-100 || 222-200

Cars 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 were each fitted with one cross-arm pantograph.

{{-}}

=K sets (1992–2013)=

File:200 K31 Nasuno 239 Omiya 20020629.jpg service in June 2002]]

File:200 K47 Tanigawa 410 Omiya 20110106.jpg

8-car and later 10-car sets with a maximum speed of {{convert|240|km/h|4=0|abbr=on}} modified with nose-end couplers to operate in conjunction with 400 series Yamagata Shinkansen sets and E3 series Akita Shinkansen sets.

The remaining sets in use on the Tōhoku Shinkansen were withdrawn from 19 November 2011, but 200 series sets continued to be used on the Jōetsu Shinkansen.{{cite journal |last=Ito |first=Hisami |date=December 2011 |title= |script-title=ja: 復活 ! "はやぶさ",東北新幹線 |trans-title=Return of the Tohoku Shinkansen Hayabusa! |journal=Japan Railfan Magazine |location=Japan |publisher=Kōyūsha Co., Ltd. |volume=51 |issue=608 |page=17}} The last remaining sets were withdrawn from regular service by the start of the revised timetable on 16 March 2013.{{cite web |url= http://www.tetsudo.com/news/781/%E5%9B%BD%E9%89%84%E5%9E%8B%E3%81%8C%E7%B6%9A%E3%80%85%E5%BC%95%E9%80%80%E3%80%812013%E5%B9%B4%E6%98%A5%E3%81%AE%E3%83%80%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E6%94%B9%E6%AD%A3/|script-title=ja:国鉄型が続々引退、2013年春のダイヤ改正|trans-title=JNR types to be withdrawn from spring 2013 timetable revision|date= 21 December 2012|work= Tetsudo.com|publisher= Asahi Interactive Inc.|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 23 December 2012}}

==Formations==

The K sets are formed as follows.{{cite journal| script-title=ja: 今こそ200系|trans-title= The 200 series right now| journal = Japan Railfan Magazine| volume = 51| issue = 601|pages=58–63| publisher = Kōyūsha Co., Ltd.| location = Japan| date = May 2011}}

class="wikitable"
Car No.12345678style="background: #E6FFE6"| 910
Designation

| Mc || M' || M || M' || M || M' || Mpk || M' || style="background: #F5FFF5"| Ms || M'c

Numbering

| 221 || 226 || 225 || 226 || 225 || 226 || 225 || 226 || style="background: #F5FFF5"| 215 || 222

==Interior==

File:200 K refurb green car interior Sendai 20020825.jpg|Refurbished Green car, August 2002

File:200 K refurb interior Echigo-Yuzawa 20020101.jpg|Refurbished standard-class car, January 2002

Special event train services

=Tohoku Shinkansen 25th anniversary=

File:200 K47 Yamabiko 931 Oyama 20070623.JPG

On 23 June 2007, 10-car set K47 was used for a special Yamabiko 931 service from Omiya to Morioka to mark the 25th anniversary of the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen.{{cite journal| script-title=ja:JR東日本 "東北新幹線大宮開業25周年記念号" 運転|trans-title= JR East runs Tohoku Shinkansen 25th anniversary special train|journal=Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine| volume = 36| issue = 280|page=75| publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun| location = Japan| date = August 2012}} Set K47 was specially repainted back into its original ivory and green livery for this event.

=Tohoku Shinkansen 30th anniversary=

On 23 June 2012, 10-car set K47 was used for a special Yamabiko 235 service from Omiya to Morioka to mark the 30th anniversary of the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen.{{cite journal| script-title=ja: JR東日本 東北新幹線が開業30周年を迎える|trans-title= JR East Celebrates 30th Anniversary of Tohoku Shinkansen Opening| journal = Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine| volume = 41| issue = 340|page=74| publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun| location = Japan |language= ja| date = August 2012}}

=Joetsu Shinkansen 30th anniversary=

On 17 November 2012, 10-car set K47 was used for a special {{Nihongo|Joetsu Shinkansen 30th Anniversary|上越新幹線開業30周年号」|Jōetsu Shinkansen Kaigyō 30-shūnen-gō}} service, running as Toki 395, from Omiya to Niigata.{{cite journal| script-title=ja: 11/17,K47編成の「上越新幹線開業30周年記念号」運転|trans-title= 17 November: Set K47 runs as "Joetsu Shinkansen 30th Anniversary"| journal = Japan Railfan Magazine| volume = 53| issue = 622|page=157| publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd.| location = Japan |language= ja| date = February 2013}}

=''Sayonara 200 series Yamabiko''=

On 30 March 2013, 10-car set K47 was used for a special {{Nihongo|Sayonara 200 series Yamabiko|さよなら200系やまびこ号}} train operated from Morioka to Tokyo, following the withdrawal of 200 series trains from regular scheduled services on 16 March.{{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2013/04/01/100000.html|script-title=ja:「さよなら200系やまびこ号」運転|trans-title="Sayonara 200 series Yamabiko" run|date= 1 April 2013|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.| location = Japan |language= ja|access-date= 1 April 2013}}

=''Arigato 200 series''=

On 13 April 2013, a special {{Nihongo|Arigato 200 series|ありがとう200系号}} service ran from Sendai to Ueno in Tokyo.{{cite web|url= http://www.jr-sendai.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/press_20130226-arigatou200kei.pdf|script-title= ja:「ありがとう200系で行く東京・大宮・東京ディズニーリゾートへの旅」を発売します!|trans-title= Package tour to Tokyo, Omiya, and Tokyo Disney Resort using "Arigato 200 series"|date= 26 February 2013|work= News release|publisher= East Japan Railway Company, Sendai Division|location= Japan|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130522131806/http://www.jr-sendai.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/press_20130226-arigatou200kei.pdf|archive-date= 22 May 2013|access-date= 1 April 2013|url-status= dead|df= dmy-all}}

=''Sayonara 200 series''=

On 14 April 2013, 10-car set K47 was used for two final {{Nihongo|Sayonara 200 series|さよなら200系号}} services from Niigata to Tokyo and from Omiya to Niigata, marking the last public operation of the 200 series trains.{{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2013/04/15/110000.html|script-title=ja:「さよなら200系号」運転|trans-title="Sayonara 200 series" run|date= 15 April 2013|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.| location = Japan |language= ja|access-date= 15 April 2013}}

Derailment

File:200 K25 Toki 325 derailed 20041106.JPG

A refurbished 200 series train (set K25 on the Toki 325 service) derailed on the Jōetsu Shinkansen line while travelling at a speed of approximately {{Convert|200|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} between Nagaoka Station and Urasa Station on 23 October 2004 during the 2004 Chūetsu earthquake. Eight of the ten cars were derailed. This was the first derailment of a Shinkansen train in service. None of the 155 passengers on board were injured. Set K25 was officially withdrawn on 25 March 2005.

{{-}}

Preserved examples

  • 221-1 and 237-1 (ex-set E1, later F30) at Sendai General Shinkansen Depot{{cite book |script-title=ja: 鉄道のテクノロジー Vol.1 新幹線 |trans-title=Railway Technology Vol.1: Shinkansen| publisher = San-ei| year = 2009| location = Japan |language= ja| isbn = 978-4-7796-0534-5}}
  • 222-35 (ex-set K31) at The Railway Museum in Saitama, Saitama
  • 221-1510 (ex-set F13, later K47) outside Niigata City Niitsu Railway Museum in Niitsu, Niigata since June 2013

File:Shinkansen 221-1 and 237-1 at Shinkansen General Rolling Stock Center.jpg|Preserved cars 221-1 and 237-1 at Sendai General Shinkansen Depot in September 2024

File:Shinkansen 200 type-222 35 at the Railway Museum.jpg|Preserved car 222-35 at the Railway Museum in Saitama in January 2015

File:NIIGATA-CITYNiitsuRailwayMuseum02.JPG|Preserved car 221-1510 outside the Niigata City Niitsu Railway Museum in August 2014

=Formerly preserved=

  • 215-1, 222-1, 226-1 (all ex-set E1, later F30), and 249-5 (ex-set H5) stored outdoors at Sendai General Shinkansen Depot, {{cn span|date=November 2024|but all cut up in 2010}}
  • 215-15, 221-15 and 237-15 (ex-set E15, later F37) next to Nagareyama Onsen Station on the Hakodate Main Line (cut up in June 2013){{cite web |url= http://www.jrhokkaido.co.jp/press/2013/130524-1.pdf|script-title=ja:流山温泉駅に設置されている新幹線200系車両の撤去について|trans-title=Removal of 200 series shinkansen cars at Nagareyama Onsen Station|date= 24 May 2013|work= News release|publisher= Hokkaido Railway Company|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 24 May 2013}}
  • 221-1505 (ex-set K25) was at JR East General Training Center in Shirakawa City. Fukushima Prefecture where it was displayed until it was scrapped.

File:Rifu Line 701 EMU train runs.JPG|Five cars of former set F30 stored at Sendai General Shinkansen Depot in January 2003

File:200 249-5 H5 Sendai General Shinkansen Depot 20080726.jpg|Car 249-5 of former set H5 stored at Sendai General Shinkansen Depot in July 2008

File:Nagareyama-Onsen station Platform 20110827.jpg|Preserved 200 series cars next to Nagareyama Onsen Station in Hokkaido in August 2011

See also

Further reading

  • {{cite journal| last = Kodama| first = Mitsuo| script-title=ja:さようなら200系|trans-title= Goodbye 200 series| journal = Rail Magazine| issue = 354|pages=25–33| publisher = Neko Publishing Co., Ltd.| location = Japan |language= ja| date =March 2013}}
  • {{cite journal| last = Manabe| first = Yūji| script-title=ja:200系~編成研究のまとめ|trans-title= 200 series: An overview of formation studies| journal = Japan Railfan Magazine| volume = 53| issue = 626|pages=40–53| publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd.| location = Japan |language= ja| date = June 2013}}

References

{{Refbegin}}

  • {{cite book |script-title=ja: JR全車両ハンドブック2006|trans-title=JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2006| publisher = Neko Publishing| year = 2006| location = Japan}}
  • {{cite book| last = Semmens| first = Peter| title = High Speed in Japan: Shinkansen - The World's Busiest High-speed Railway| publisher = Platform 5 Publishing| year = 1997| location = Sheffield, UK| isbn = 1-872524-88-5}}
  • {{cite book| last = Yamanouchi| first = Shūichirō| script-title=ja: 東北・上越新幹線|trans-title=Tōhoku & Jōetsu Shinkansen| publisher = JTB Can Books| year = 2002| location = Tokyo, Japan| isbn = 4-533-04513-8}}

{{Refend}}

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