2018 Sabah state election
{{EngvarB|date=June 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2018 Sabah state election
| country = Sabah
| type = legislative
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 2013 Sabah state election
| previous_year = 2013
| previous_mps = List of Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2013-2018)#Sabah
| next_election = 2020 Sabah state election
| next_year = 2020
| next_mps =
| seats_for_election = All 60 seats to the Sabah State Legislative Assembly
| elected_mps = List_of_Malaysian_State_Assembly_Representatives_(2018–2023)#2018–2020
| majority_seats = 31
| registered =
| turnout =
| election_date = 9 May 2018
| image1 = 96px
| leader1 = Mohd. Shafie Apdal
| leader_since1 = {{start date|2016|10|17|df=y}}
| party1 = Pakatan Harapan
Warisan
| colour1 = E21118
| leaders_seat1 = Senallang
| last_election1 = 11 seats, 29.6%
(Pakatan Rakyat)
| seats_before1 = 6
| seats_needed1 = {{increase}}25
| seats1 = 29
| seat_change1 = {{increase}}23
| popular_vote1 = 398,533
| percentage1 = 47.19%
| swing1 = {{increase}}17.59%
| image2 = 120px
| leader2 = Musa Aman
| leader_since2 = {{start date|2003|03|27|df=y}}
| party2 = Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
| colour2 = 000080
| leaders_seat2 = Sungai Sibuga
| last_election2 = 48 seats, 55.78%
| seats_before2 = 45
| seats_needed2 = {{steady}}
| seats2 = 29
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}}16
| popular_vote2 = 355,091
| percentage2 = 42.04%
| swing2 = {{decrease}}13.74%
| image3 = GS
| image3_size = 150px
| leader3 = Paumin @ Mohd. Aminuddin Aling
| leader_since3 = 2012
| party3 = Gagasan Sejahtera (PAS)
| colour3 = 009000
| leaders_seat3 = Not contesting
(ran in Tuaran - lost seat)
| last_election3 = No seat, 2.76%
(Pakatan Rakyat)
| seats_needed3 = {{increase}} 31
| seats_before3 = {{steady}}
| seats3 = 0
| seat_change3 = {{steady}}
| popular_vote3 = 11,241
| percentage3 = 1.33%
| swing3 = {{decrease}} 1.43%
| image4 = 140px
| leader4 = Dr. Jeffrey G. Kitingan
| leader_since4 = {{start date|2012|01|06|df=y}}
| party4 = United Sabah Alliance (STAR)
| colour4 = 0090DC
| leaders_seat4 = Tambunan
| last_election4 = 1 seat, 5.63%
| seats_before4 = 1
| seats_needed4 = {{increase}}30
| seats4 = 2
| seat_change4 = {{increase}}1
| popular_vote4 = 39,803
| percentage4 = 4.71%
| swing4 = {{decrease}}0.92%
| image5 = PHRS
| leader5 = Lajim Ukin
| leader_since5 = 2016
| party5 = United Sabah Alliance (PHRS)
| colour5 = 6F92C0
| leaders_seat5 = Klias
{{small|(lost seat)}}
| last_election5 = New party
| seats_before5 = 1
| seats_needed5 = {{increase}}30
| seats5 = 0
| seat_change5 = {{decrease}}1
| popular_vote5 = 17,713
| percentage5 = 2.1%
| swing5 = {{increase}}2.1%
| image6 = PCS
| leader6 = Wilfred Bumburing
| leader_since6 = 2013
| party6 = Parti Cinta Sabah
| colour6 = FB5B47
| leaders_seat6 = Tamparuli
{{small|(lost seat)}}
| last_election6 = New party
| seats_before6 = 1
| seats_needed6 = {{increase}}30
| seats6 = 0
| seat_change6 = {{decrease}}1
| popular_vote6 = 9,311
| percentage6 = 1.1%
| swing6 = {{increase}}1.1%
| title = Chief Minister
| posttitle = Chief Minister-designate
| before_election = Musa Aman
| before_party = Barisan Nasional
| after_election = Musa Aman
| after_party = Barisan Nasional
| map_image =
| map_size =
| map_caption = Parliamentary and state constituencies in Sabah
}}
The 2018 Sabah state election took place on 9 May 2018 in concurrence with the 14th Malaysian general election. This election was to elect 60 members of the 15th Sabah State Legislative Assembly. The previous Assembly was dissolved on 7 April 2018.
Barisan Nasional (BN), with the most seats, would be able to form a minority government alone. But BN and Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR) decided to form a group of 31 seats, which would allow them to form a coalition government. Musa Aman reinstalled as Chief Minister on 10 May 2018.
However, Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN) (including 6 BN assemblymen who switched allegiance to WARISAN), Democratic Action Party (DAP) and People's Justice Party (PKR), with confidence and supply of United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO), managed to form a pact of 39 seats in order to form a coalition government.
Governor Juhar Mahiruddin installed Mohd. Shafie Apdal as the 15th Chief Minister on 12 May 2018. That marks the end of 24-year rule of BN in Sabah and the change of governing party in Sabah for the fifth time since 1963.
Election pendulum
The 14th General Election witnessed 29 governmental seats (later with addition of 10 members from non-governmental seats (6 from UPKO and 4 from UMNO) that decided to support the creation of new state government) and 31 non-governmental seats (later became 21 seats after 10 of them decided to support new government) filled the Sabah State Legislative Assembly. The government side has 11 safe seat and 4 fairly safe seat, while the non-government side has 2 safe seats and 5 fairly safe seats.
| class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="float:left; margin-right:.5em; margin-top:.4em; font-size:90%;" | |||
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:red;"|GOVERNMENT SEATS | |||
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:red;"|Marginal | |||
| Melalap | Peter Anthony | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 46.81 |
| Liawan | Rasinin Kautis | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 47.75 |
| Banggi | Mohamad Mohamarin | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 47.79 |
| Petagas | Uda Sulai | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 47.97 |
| Kunak | Norazlinah Arif | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 48.20 |
| Tungku | Assaffal P. Alian | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 49.89 |
| Bongawan | Dr. Daud Yusof | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 50.62 |
| Gum-Gum | Arunarsin Taib | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 51.10 |
| Sindumin | Dr. Yusof Yacob | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 51.90 |
| Merotai | Sarifuddin Hata | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 51.94 |
| Tanjong Kapor | Ben Chong Chen Bin | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 54.31 |
| Pantai Manis | Aidi Moktar | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 54.52 |
| Karambunai | Azhar Matussin | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 54.66 |
| Lahad Datu | Dumi Pg. Masdal | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 55.58 |
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:red;"|Fairly safe | |||
| Tanjong Papat | Frankie Poon Ming Fung | DAP | style="text-align:center;"| 56.20 |
| Tanjong Aru | Junz Wong Hong Jun | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 56.23 |
| Sekong | Arifin Asgali | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 56.55 |
| Api-Api | Christina Liew Chin Jin | PKR | style="text-align:center;"| 57.04 |
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:red;"|Safe | |||
| Moyog | Jennifer Lasimbang | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 61.39 |
| Inanam | Kenny Chua Teck Ho | PKR | style="text-align:center;"| 62.33 |
| Karamunting | Hiew Vun Zin | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 63.67 |
| Elopura | Calvin Chong Ket Kiun | DAP | style="text-align:center;"| 68.68 |
| Kapayan | Janie Lasimbang | DAP | style="text-align:center;"| 71.95 |
| Sri Tanjong | Jimmy Wong Sze Phin | DAP | style="text-align:center;"| 72.00 |
| Sulabayan | Jaujan Sambakong | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 74.91 |
| Senallang | Mohd. Shafie Apdal | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 75.97 |
| Bugaya | Manis Buka Mohd. Darah | WARISAN | style="text-align:center;"| 77.51 |
| Likas | Tan Lee Fatt | DAP | style="text-align:center;"| 82.57 |
| Luyang | Ginger Phoong Jin Zhe | DAP | style="text-align:center;"| 84.38 |
| class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="float:left; margin-right:.5em; margin-top:.4em; font-size:90%;" | |||
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:brown;"|NON-GOVERNMENT SEATS | |||
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:brown;"|Marginal | |||
| Bingkor | Robert Tawik @ Nordin | STAR | style="text-align:center;"| 33.19 |
| Kundasang | Joachim Gunsalam | PBS | style="text-align:center;"| 37.14 |
| Matunggong | Julita Majunki | PBS | style="text-align:center;"| 41.80 |
| Kiulu | Joniston Bangkuai | PBS | style="text-align:center;"| 42.39 |
| Pitas | Bolkiah Ismail | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 44.40 |
| Klias | Isnin Aliasnih | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 44.94 |
| Tamparuli | Jahid Jahim | PBS | style="text-align:center;"| 45.46 |
| Sebatik | Abd. Muis Picho | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 46.70 |
| Tambunan | Dr. Jeffrey Gapari @ Geoffrey Kitingan | STAR | style="text-align:center;"| 46.78 |
| Balung | Osman Jamal | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 47.08 |
| Kadamaian | Ewon Benedick | UPKO | style="text-align:center;"| 47.80 |
| Paginatan | Abidin Madingkir | UPKO | style="text-align:center;"| 48.84 |
| Tempasuk | Musbah Jamli | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 50.82 |
| Tanjong Batu | Hamisa Samat | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 50.92 |
| Tandek | Anita Baranting | PBS | style="text-align:center;"| 51.21 |
| Usukan | Japlin Akim | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 52.40 |
| Kemabong | Jamawi Ja’afar | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 52.68 |
| Sook | Ellron Alfred Angin | PBRS | style="text-align:center;"| 53.21 |
| Apas | Nizam Abu Bakar Titingan | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 53.58 |
| Sungai Sibuga | Musa Aman | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 53.59 |
| Labuk | Abd. Rahman Kongkawang | PBS | style="text-align:center;"| 53.64 |
| Kuala Penyu | Limus Jury | UPKO | style="text-align:center;"| 54.64 |
| Kawang | Ghulam Haidar Khan Bahadar | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 54.97 |
| Sugut | James Ratib | UPKO | style="text-align:center;"| 55.77 |
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:brown;"|Fairly safe | |||
| Lumadan | Matbali Musah | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 56.65 |
| Membakut | Mohd. Arifin Mohd. Arif | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 57.22 |
| Kuamut | Masiung Banah | UPKO | style="text-align:center;"| 59.00 |
| Sukau | Saddi Abdu Rahman | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 59.14 |
| Nabawan | Bobbey Ah Fang Suan | UPKO | style="text-align:center;"| 59.52 |
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:brown;"|Safe | |||
| Karanaan | Masidi Manjun | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 63.98 |
| Sulaman | Hajiji Mohd. Noor | UMNO | style="text-align:center;"| 69.62 |
Results
{{For|complete results|Results of the 2018 Malaysian state elections by constituency#Sabah}}
The following political parties contested in this election. The following is a summary of results of this election.
{{Election results
|alliance1=Barisan Nasional|aspan1=8|party1=United Malays National Organisation|votes1=208600|seats1=17|sc1=–14
|party2=United Sabah Party|votes2=70998|seats2=6|sc2=–1
|party3=United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation|votes3=33395|seats3=5|sc3=+1
|party4=Liberal Democratic Party|votes4=15084|seats4=0|sc4=–3
|party5=Malaysian Chinese Association|votes5=14970|seats5=0|sc5=0
|party6=Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah|votes6=8042|seats6=1|sc6=0
|party7=Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia|votes7=4002|seats7=0|sc7=–2
|atotal8=355091|aseats8=29|sc8=–19
|alliance9=Sabah Heritage Party|votes9=271446|seats9=21|sc9=New
|alliance10=Pakatan Harapan|aspan10=4|party10=Democratic Action Party|votes10=78901|seats10=6|sc10=+2
|party11=People's Justice Party|votes11=47723|seats11=2|sc11=–5
|party12=National Trust Party|votes12=193|seats12=0|sc12=0
|atotal13=126817|aseats13=8|sc13=–3
|alliance14=United Sabah Alliance|aspan14=5|party14=Homeland Solidarity Party|votes14=39803|seats14=2|sc14=+1
|party15=Sabah People's Hope Party|votes15=17713|seats15=0|sc15=0
|party16=Sabah Progressive Party|votes16=5031|seats16=0|sc16=0
|party17=Sabah People's Unity Party|votes17=1491|seats17=0|sc17=0
|atotal18=63978|aseats18=2|sc18=+2
|alliance19=Gagasan Sejahtera|party19=Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|votes19=11241|seats19=0|sc19=0
|alliance21=Love Sabah Party|votes21=9311|seats21=0|sc21=0
|alliance22=Sabah Native Co-operation Party|votes22=3059|seats22=0|sc22=0
|alliance23=Sabah Nationality Party|votes23=2018|seats23=0|sc23=0
|alliance24=United Sabah National Organisation (New)|votes24=147|seats24=0|sc24=0
|alliance25=State Reform Party|votes25=109|seats25=0|sc25=0
|alliance26=Independents|votes26=1079|seats26=0|sc26=0
|invalid=22369
|total_sc=0
|electorate=1117877
|source=Election Commission of Malaysia{{cite web|title=Dashboard PRU 14|url=http://pru14.spr.gov.my/#!/home|website=Pilihan Raya Umum Malaysia 14|publisher=Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia|access-date=11 May 2018}}
}}
Aftermath
= Government formation =
{{Main|List of Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2018–2023)#Sabah}}
In the 2018 general election, WARISAN together with the coalition of Pakatan Harapan (PH) are tied up with 29-29 seats with the Barisan Nasional in the election.{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/05/10/hung-assembly-in-sabah-sees-intense-political-horsetrading/|title=Hung assembly in Sabah sees intense political horse-trading|author1=Muguntan Vanar|author2=Fatimah Zainal|work=The Star|date=10 May 2018|access-date=11 May 2018}} Jeffrey Kitingan with his party of Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR) under the United Sabah Alliance (USA) which are not aligned from either the two sides, has won two seats in the election and subsequently emerged as the decision maker for the formation of a state government from the two sides.{{cite web|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/424000|title=Hung assembly in Sabah, Star to be kingmaker|author=Alyaa Azhar|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=10 May 2018|access-date=11 May 2018}} Kitingan then decide to team up with the BN to form coalition state government with him appointed as a Deputy Chief Minister while Musa Aman from BN to become the Chief Minister for another 5 years under the new coalition government.{{cite web|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2018/05/10/jeffrey-forms-pact-with-bn-to-form-coalition-state-government/|title=Jeffrey forms pact with BN to form coalition state government|author=Chok Simyee|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=10 May 2018|access-date=11 May 2018}} However, the situation changed when six seats assemblymen from the BN allied parties of United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO) and United Sabah People's Party (PBRS) switched their allegiance to WARISAN, giving Shafie an advantage with 35 seats which is sufficient to establish a coalition state government.{{cite web|url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/politics/2018/05/368460/warisan-now-has-35-seats-enough-form-state-government-shafie-nsttv|title=Warisan now has 35 seats, enough to form state government: Shafie [NSTTV]|author1=Avila Geraldine|author2=Norasikin Daineh|publisher=New Straits Times|date=11 May 2018|access-date=12 May 2018}} Earlier, Musa Aman had initially been sworn in as Chief Minister following the help of two seats from STAR. This situation has left Sabah with two ruling Chief Ministers, the second time in its history since the dispute between PBS and USNO in 1980s.
The result of these events sparks a constitutional crisis in Sabah, and the need to review and change the current constitution so as to curb the "allegiance switching" of assemblymen, after the swearing-in ceremony of the chief minister.{{cite web|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2018/05/12/sabah-having-two-cms-sparks-constitutional-crisis/|title=Sabah having two CMs sparks constitutional crisis?|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=12 May 2018|access-date=13 May 2018}} Another four seats assemblymen from BN allied parties of UMNO and UPKO switching their allegiance to WARISAN on 13 May 2018.{{cite web|url=http://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/empat-lagi-adun-bn-sertai-mohd-shafie-175349|title=Empat lagi ADUN BN sertai Mohd Shafie?|author=Ruzaini Zulkepli|language=ms|publisher=Astro Awani|date=13 May 2018|access-date=13 May 2018}}{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/05/14/two-more-upko-reps-join-shafie-assemblymen-switch-allegiance-to-warisan/|title=Two more Upko reps join Shafie|author=Fatimah Zainal|work=The Star|date=14 May 2018|access-date=14 May 2018}} The Yang di-Pertua Negeri (TYT) Juhar Mahiruddin also had requested for Musa to step down,{{cite web|url=http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/politik/tun-juhar-arah-musa-letak-jawatan-1.671428|title=Tun Juhar arah Musa letak jawatan|author=Rodelio Junjun Taucan|language=ms|work=Utusan Malaysia|date=12 May 2018|access-date=13 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180512204839/http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/politik/tun-juhar-arah-musa-letak-jawatan-1.671428|archive-date=12 May 2018|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.astroawani.com/berita-politik/warisan-tidak-akan-sama-dengan-umno-shafie-apdal-175366|title=Warisan tidak akan sama dengan UMNO - Shafie Apdal|author=Ruzaini Zulkepli|language=ms|publisher=Astro Awani|date=13 May 2018|access-date=13 May 2018}} despite Musa still stressing that he still the rightful Chief Minister.{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/05/13/musa-aman-i-am-still-the-chief-minister/|title=Musa Aman: I'm still the Chief Minister|author=Fatimah Zainal|work=The Star|date=13 May 2018|access-date=13 May 2018}} Musa was then issued a letter from the TYT that he is no longer the Chief Minister effective from 12 May 2018 that was delivered into his residence on 14 May 2018.{{cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/politik/2018/05/425460/istana-serah-surat-kepada-musa|title=Istana serah surat kepada Musa|language=ms|publisher=Berita Harian|date=14 May 2018|access-date=14 May 2018}}{{cite web|url=http://says.com/my/news/breaking-musa-aman-is-no-longer-sabah-cm|title=[BREAKING] Musa Aman Is No Longer Chief Minister Of Sabah|author=Samantha Khor|publisher=Says.com|date=14 May 2018|access-date=14 May 2018}}
=Snap election =
{{Main|2020 Sabah state election}}
The state government led by Shafie only lasts 26 months, when another constitutional crisis between Shafie and Musa resulted in the Governor of Sabah, Juhar Mahiruddin decision to dissolve the State Legislative Assembly on the advice of Shafie on 30 June 2020.{{Cite news|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/07/30/snap-polls-called-for-sabah-as-shafie-dissolves-state-assembly/1889488|title=Snap polls called for Sabah as Shafie dissolves state assembly|publisher=Malay Mail|date=30 July 2020|access-date=30 December 2022}} The 2020 election took place on 26 September 2020.{{Cite news|url=https://m.malaysiakini.com/news/536739|title=Shafie: Fresh polls within 60 days, voters can decide between Musa and me|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=30 July 2020|access-date=30 December 2022}}