2023 Asaph
{{Short description|Main-belt asteroid}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 2023 Asaph
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discovered = 16 September 1952
| discoverer = Indiana University
{{nowrap|{{small|(Indiana Asteroid Program)}}}}
| discovery_site = Goethe Link Obs.
| mpc_name = (2023) Asaph
| alt_names = 1952 SA
| named_after = Asaph Hall
{{small|(American astronomer)}}
| mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(outer)}}
| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 64.53 yr (23,571 days)
| aphelion = 3.6816 AU
| perihelion = 2.0703 AU
| semimajor = 2.8760 AU
| eccentricity = 0.2801
| period = 4.88 yr (1,781 days)
| mean_anomaly = 98.697°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2021|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 22.352°
| asc_node = 3.1290°
| arg_peri = 357.53°
| dimensions = {{val|19.678|0.264}} km
{{val|20.56|0.43}} km
{{val|21.29|0.40}} km
25.44 km {{small|(calculated)}}
| rotation = {{val|3.87|0.02}} h{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner}}
{{val|4.74|0.01}} h
{{val|9.19|0.05}} h
| albedo = 0.057 {{small|(assumed)}}
{{val|0.090|0.004}}
{{val|0.096|0.018}}
{{val|0.1045|0.0204}}
| spectral_type = C
| abs_magnitude = 11.6{{·}}11.7
}}
2023 Asaph, provisional designation {{mp|1952 SA}}, is a dark asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 September 1952, by astronomers of the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory in Indiana, United States.
Orbit and classification
Asaph orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.7 AU once every 4 years and 11 months (1,781 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.28 and an inclination of 22° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation Goethe Link.
Physical characterization
In November 2001, a rotational lightcurve of Asaph was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Brian Warner. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 4.74 hours with a low brightness variation of 0.06 magnitude ({{small|U=2-}}). Upon re-examination of the revised data set, Warner constructed a new, ambiguous lightcurve with two possible period solutions of {{val|3.87}} and {{val|6.28}} hours ({{small|U=2-}}).{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner}} These observations supersede a period of 9.19 hours derived from two fragmentary lightcurves obtained in 2001 and 2006, respectively ({{small|U=1/1}}).
= Diameter and albedo =
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Asaph measures between 19.678 and 21.29 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.09 and 0.1045.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and consequently calculates a larger diameter of 25.44 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.7.
Naming
This minor planet was named in memory of American astronomer Asaph Hall (1829–1907), who discovered the Martian satellites, Phobos and Deimos. The official {{MoMP|2023|naming citation}} was published by the Minor Planet Center on 15 October 1977 ({{small|M.P.C. 4238}}).
Notes
{{notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner|1=[http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/A2023_2001.HTM Lightcurve plot of 2023 Asaph], Palmer Divide Observatory, Brian Warner (2001). The lightcurve is ambiguous with two possible period solutions of {{val|6.28|0.05}} and {{val|3.87|0.02}} hours.}}
}}
References
{{reflist|30em|refs=
|type = 2017-03-30 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2023 Asaph (1952 SA)
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002023
|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|access-date = 6 July 2017}}
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2023) Asaph
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|page = 164
|date = 2007
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2024 |chapter = (2023) Asaph }}
|title = 2023 Asaph (1952 SA)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2023
|access-date = 6 July 2017}}
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008)
|chapter = Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs
|last = Schmadel |first=Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|page = 221
|isbn = 978-3-642-01964-7
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4}}
|title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (2023) Asaph
|last = Behrend |first = Raoul
|publisher = Geneva Observatory
|url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#002023
|access-date = 6 July 2017}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = T. |last3 = Grav
|first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey
|first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt
|first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan
|first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr
|first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie
|first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen
|first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker
|first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright
|first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun
|first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury
|first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier
|first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion
|first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins
|date = November 2011
|title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 741
|issue = 2
|page = 20
|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68
|arxiv = 1109.4096
|access-date= 6 July 2017}}
|title = LCDB Data for (2023) Asaph
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=2023%7CAsaph
|access-date = 6 July 2017}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
|first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
|first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
|first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
|first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
|first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
|first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
|first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
|first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
|first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
|first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
|first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
|first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
|date = October 2011
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
|volume = 63
|issue = 5
|pages = 1117–1138
|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
}} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=2023 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer
|first2 = T. |last2 = Grav
|first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero
|first4 = E. |last4 = Hand
|first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer
|first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen
|first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan
|first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr
|first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri
|first10 = E. |last10 = Wright
|first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins
|first12 = W. |last12 = Mo
|first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski
|date = November 2011
|title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 741
|issue = 2
|page = 25
|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90
|arxiv = 1109.6407}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = T. |last3 = Grav
|first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent
|first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera
|date = November 2012
|title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters
|volume = 759
|issue = 1
|page = 5
|bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M
|doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8
|arxiv = 1209.5794
|access-date= 6 July 2017}}
|author = Warner, Brian D.
|date = September 2003
|title = Lightcurve analysis of asteroids 331, 795, 886, 1266, 2023, 3285, and 3431
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2003MPBu...30...61W
|journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin
|volume = 30
|issue = 3
|pages = 61–64
|issn = 1052-8091
|bibcode = 2003MPBu...30...61W
|access-date= 6 July 2017}}
|author = Warner, Brian D.
|date = October 2010
|title = Upon Further Review: II. An Examination of Previous Lightcurve Analysis from the Palmer Divide Observatory
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2010MPBu...37..150W
|journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin
|volume = 37
|issue = 4
|pages = 150–151
|issn = 1052-8091
|bibcode = 2010MPBu...37..150W
|access-date= 6 July 2017}}
}}
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