2023 Tenerife wildfire

{{Infobox wildfire

| title = 2023 Tenerife wildfire

|image = Fires and smoke on Tenerife, Spain - 16 August 2023 (53121536449).jpg

|caption = Satellite photography of the island of Tenerife where you can see the column of smoke from the fire.

|location = {{Unbulleted list|Spain|In the island of Tenerife}}

| date = 15 August 2023–10 November 2023

| reference =

| cost =

| total_fires =

| total_area = {{Convert|15,000|hectare|acres}}

|buildings =

| injuries =

| cause = suspected arson

| fatalities =

}}

On 15 August 2023, a forest fire broke out on the island of Tenerife, in the Canary Islands of Spain. The fire, driven by the wind, heat, and low humidity levels, caused mass evacuations, widespread damage to the island's flora and fauna,{{Cite news|title=Los tesoros naturales que está arrasando el gran incendio en Tenerife: "Es un hotspot de biodiversidad y el fuego está en el corazón de ese punto caliente"|url=https://www.elmundo.es/ciencia-y-salud/medio-ambiente/2023/08/18/64df6487e85ecec9568b45bc.html|date=18 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=El Mundo}} as well as power and water supply cuts in some of the affected municipalities.{{Cite news|title=La rotura del canal de Aguamansa obliga a cortes en el suministro de agua de La Laguna|url=https://www.eldia.es/sucesos/sucesos-en-canarias/2023/08/18/rotura-canal-aguamansa-obliga-cortes-91091147.html|date=18 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=El Día}}

Within three days, the fire would enter its "sixth generation" due to its great intensity and highly destructive power.{{Cite news|title=¿Qué son los incendios de sexta generación y por qué son tan difíciles de extinguir?|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.es/planeta/que-son-incendios-sexta-generacion-por-que-son-dificiles-extinguir.html|date=18 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=Redacción HuffPost}} It is also the worst fire the Canary Islands have suffered in the last 40 years{{Cite news|title=El incendio de Tenerife es ya el peor que ha sufrido Canarias en los últimos 40 años|url=https://www.ondacero.es/emisoras/canarias/noticias/incendio-tenerife-peor-que-sufrido-canarias-ultimos-40-anos_2023081764ddfeec714dff0001b7a4e3.html|date=17 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=Onda Cero}} and the worst fire in Spain in 2023.{{Cite news|title=El incendio de Tenerife es ya el más grave de España en lo que va de año|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-08-22/el-incendio-de-tenerife-es-ya-el-mas-grave-de-espana-en-lo-que-va-de-ano.html|date=22 August 2023|accessdate=22 August 2023|publisher=El País}}

Events

The fire originated on the night of 15 August, in the highlands of the municipality of Arafo, quickly spreading to the neighboring municipality of Candelaria.{{Cite news|title=El incendio de Tenerife entre Arafo y Candelaria, en imágenes|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-08-16/el-incendio-forestal-de-tenerife-entre-arafo-y-candelaria-en-imagenes.html|date=16 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=El País}} Precisely, that day was celebrated in the latter municipality the main acts of the day of the Virgin of Candelaria, the patron saint of the Canary Islands.{{Cite news|title=El dolor del obispo de Tenerife: "Virgen de Candelaria, líbranos de todo peligro"|url=https://www.vidanuevadigital.com/2023/08/18/el-dolor-del-obispo-de-tenerife-por-el-incendio-virgen-de-candelaria-libranos-de-todo-peligro/|date=18 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=Vida Nueva}}

The following day, the fire had already crossed the Dorsal mountain range and entered the north of the island through the municipality of Santa Úrsula. The row of smoke chimneys covered several kilometers, opening different fronts. Later it would enter the municipality of La Victoria de Acentejo and other northern municipalities. Due to the direction of the wind, the cloud of smoke and ash spread over the metropolitan area of the island, even forcing the closure of the Parque Marítimo César Manrique in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, due to the repeated fall of ash.{{Cite news|title=Santa Cruz de Tenerife cierra el Parque Marítimo por la presencia de ceniza del incendio|url=https://www.eldiario.es/canariasahora/tenerifeahora/sociedad/santa-cruz-tenerife-cierra-parque-maritimo-presencia-ceniza-incendio_1_10450387.html|date=17 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=El Diario}}

File:Pinar y Teide.jpg in the background.]]

By 18 August, the fire has spread through 11 municipalities, has consumed an area of more than 5,000 hectares and close to a perimeter of {{cvt|50|km|abbr=on}} in Arafo, Candelaria, El Rosario, La Victoria de Acentejo, La Matanza de Acentejo, Tacoronte, Santa Úrsula, El Sauzal, La Orotava, Los Realejos and Güímar. On 19 August, more than 26,000 people had been evacuated and taken to shelters specially established by the affected municipalities.{{Cite news|title=Incendio en Tenerife: las personas evacuadas podrían superar las 26.000|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20230819/9175281/incendio-tenerife-hoy-sin-control-ultima-hora-directo-ultimas-noticias-evacuaciones-zonas-afectadas.html|date=19 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=La Vanguardia}} Also that day, the fire entered the Teide National Park.{{Cite news|title=El incendio de Tenerife se adentra en el Parque Nacional del Teide|url=https://www.laprovincia.es/sucesos/sucesos-en-canarias/2023/08/19/incendio-tenerife-amenaza-parque-nacional-91134086.html|date=19 August 2023|accessdate=20 August 2023|publisher=La Provincia}}

By Sunday, 20 August, the fire already affected 10,000 hectares, with a perimeter of 70 kilometers with a large front in the north of the island, although with more favorable weather conditions than in previous days.{{Cite news|title=El incendio de Tenerife ha calcinado 10.000 hectáreas y deja 12.279 evacuados|url=https://www.publico.es/sociedad/incendio-tenerife-obliga-desalojar-12279-personas.html|date=20 August 2023|accessdate=20 August 2023|publisher=Público}} More than 300 troops were dispatched fighting against the fire, which that night caused the evacuation of more than 12,200 people from 11 different municipalities.{{Cite news|title=El incendio de Tenerife arrasa más de 8.400 hectáreas y sigue sin control|url=https://www.cope.es/actualidad/sociedad/noticias/incendio-tenerife-arrasa-mas-8400-hectareas-sigue-sin-control-20230820_2861342|date=20 August 2023|accessdate=20 August 2023|publisher=Cope}}

On 21 August, the fire entered the municipality of Fasnia, thus becoming the 12th affected municipality. Likewise, the flames reached the vicinity of the Teide Observatory telescopes, although there was no material damage to them. By that day, the fire had burned 13,300 hectares in a perimeter of 90 kilometers.{{Cite news|title=El incendio de Tenerife ya ha quemado 13.383 hectáreas, pero se trabaja en su extinción con "mejores expectativas"|url=https://www.eldiario.es/canariasahora/tenerifeahora/sociedad/ultima-hora-hoy-incendio-candelaria-arafo-tenerife_1_10455735.html|date=21 August 2023|accessdate=21 August 2023|publisher=El Diario}} That day, Prime Minister, Pedro Sánchez, visited the affected areas and announced the declaration of a "catastrophic zone" for the island of Tenerife.{{Cite news|title=Pedro Sánchez adelanta que se declarará la 'zona catastrófica' en Tenerife|url=https://www.abc.es/espana/canarias/pedro-sanchez-adelanta-aprobara-declaracion-zona-catastrofica-20230821135818-nt.html|date=21 August 2023|accessdate=21 August 2023|publisher=ABC}} On 22 August, a week had passed since the start of the fire, with the fire already affecting 14,624 hectares in a perimeter of {{cvt|88|km|abbr=on}} in 12 different municipalities.{{Cite news|title="Luz al final del túnel" para el incendio en Tenerife, que reduce a uno los frentes activos|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-08-22/luz-al-final-del-tunel-para-el-incendio-en-tenerife-que-reduce-a-uno-los-frentes-activos.html|date=22 August 2023|accessdate=22 August 2023|publisher=El País}}

By 23 August, those who were evacuated were able to return home.{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/thousands-evacuees-return-home-tenerife-wildfire-eases-2023-08-23/|title=Thousands of evacuees return home as Tenerife wildfire eases|first=Nacho|last=Doce|publisher=Reuters|date=August 23, 2023}} Two days later, the fire was stabilized.{{cite web|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/europe/2023/0825/1401615-tenerife-wildfire/|title=Tenerife firefighters stabilise huge wildfire after nine days|publisher=RTÉ|date=25 August 2023}} On 11 September, the fire was considered controlled after almost a month since its start and more than 14,000 hectares burned.{{cite news|title=Controlan el incendio de Tenerife tras casi un mes desde su inicio y más de 14.000 hectáreas quemadas|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2023/09/11/64fee4d8fc6c83ee138b4594.html|date=11 September 2023|accessdate=12 September 2023|publisher=El Mundo|language=es}}

On Wednesday, 4 October 2023, the fire that had not yet been put out was reactivated. It affected the municipalities of Santa Úrsula and La Orotava, affecting about 30 hectares of land and with about 3,200 residents evacuated.{{cite news|title=Se reactiva el incendio de agosto que asoló Tenerife|url=https://www.diariodeavila.es/noticia/zf49d2a61-e7a1-2237-e4cabb2ab04af47e/202310/se-reactiva-el-incendio-de-agosto-que-asolo-tenerife|date=11 September 2023|accessdate=5 October 2023|publisher=Diario de Ávila|language=es}} In subsequent days, other fronts were reactivated due to the wind and heat.

On 24 October, the Kings of Spain Felipe VI and Queen Letizia visited the area affected by the Tenerife fire.{{cite news|title=Los reyes visitan la zona afectada por el incendio de Tenerife|url=https://www.eldiario.es/canariasahora/tenerifeahora/politica/reyes-visitan-zona-afectada-incendio-tenerife_1_10625822.html|date=24 October 2023|accessdate=24 October 2023|publisher=El Diario|language=es}} That same day the Tenerife fire was lowered to level 0 after improving weather conditions.

On Friday, 10 November 2023, the Cabildo de Tenerife officially declared the fire extinguished.{{cite news|title=El Cabildo de Tenerife da por extinguido el incendio forestal del pasado verano|url=https://www.eldiario.es/canariasahora/tenerife-ahora/cabildo-tenerife-da-extinguido-incendio-forestal-pasado-verano_1_10674799.html|date=10 November 2023|accessdate=11 November 2023|publisher=El Diario|language=es}}

Impact

The fire has had repercussions in the national and international media and political personalities in Spain expressed their wishes for a happy end to the Tenerife forest fire. The Minister of the Interior Fernando Grande-Marlaska traveled to Tenerife to see first-hand the extent of the fire.{{Cite news|title=Marlaska promete más medios aéreos para frenar el peor incendio «desde hace décadas»|url=https://www.abc.es/espana/canarias/marlaska-promete-medios-aereos-frenar-peor-incendio-20230819154854-nt.html|date=19 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=ABC}} Numerous emergency units have been deployed from different Canary Islands and other parts of Spain.{{Cite news|title=Un helicóptero anti incendios con base en Plasencia del Monte, en el operativo de Tenerife|url=https://cadenaser.com/aragon/2023/08/19/un-helicoptero-ante-incendios-con-base-en-plasencia-del-monte-en-el-operativo-de-tenerife-radio-huesca/|date=19 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=Cadena Ser}}

Damage

The affected area in each of the municipalities include:{{Cite news|title=El incendio de Tenerife ha afectado a 5.000 hectáreas|url=https://rtvc.es/evolucion-incendio-tenerife-18-agosto/|date=18 August 2023|accessdate=19 August 2023|publisher=Radio Televisión Canaria}}