24P/Schaumasse
{{Short description|Periodic comet}}
{{Infobox comet
| name = 24P/Schaumasse
| image = Comète Schaumasse.jpg
| caption =
| discoverer = Alexandre Schaumasse
| discovery_site = Nice, France
| discovery_date = 1 December 1911
| mpc_name = P/1911 X1, P/1919 U1
| designations = {{unbulleted|1911 VII, 1919 IV|1927 VIII, 1943 V, 1952 III|1960 III, 1976 XV|1984 XXII, 1993 III}}
| orbit_ref = {{r|jpldata|MPC}}
| observation_arc = 66.52 years
| obs = 1,549
| epoch = 23 November 2017 (JD 2458080.5)
| perihelion = 1.206 AU
| aphelion = 6.961 AU
| semimajor = 4.084 AU
| eccentricity = 0.70459
| period = 8.252 years
| inclination = 11.735°
| asc_node = 79.630°
| arg_peri = 58.058°
| mean = 0.725°
| tjup = 2.504
| Earth_moid = 0.283 AU
| Jupiter_moid = 0.457 AU
| physical_ref = {{r|jpldata}}
| dimensions = {{cvt|2.6|km|mi}}
| M1 = 12.0
| M2 = 15.6
| last_p = 16 November 2017
| next_p = 8 January 2026{{r|Yoshida-24p|Kinoshita}}
}}
Comet Schaumasse is a periodic comet discovered by Alexandre Schaumasse (Nice, France) on 1 December 1911 as 12th magnitude. It next comes to perihelion on 8 January 2026 and should brighten to about magnitude 9.
Observations
By the end of 1912 it was recognised as a short period comet estimated to return in 7.1 years, later recalculated as 8 years. The 1919 return was recovered by Gaston Fayet (Paris, France) as magnitude 10.5.
The 1927 approach was magnitude 12, but the comet was missed on the 1935 approach. In 1937 it passed close to Jupiter which increased its orbital period slightly. During the 1951-1952 apparition, the comet was brighter than expected, reaching a magnitude of about 6 in February.
The comet was missed in 1968 and 1976. It was speculated that the increase in brightness in 1952 indicated a problem that led to it vanishing. The comet during the 1984 apparition was recovered by James B. Gibson (Palomar Observatory, California, USA). Also in 1984 was reported that Elizabeth Roemer (Steward Observatory, Arizona, USA) had found a comet on a photograph from 27 December 1976. Orbital calculations by Brian G. Marsden, confirmed the 1976 image featured Comet Schaumasse.{{cite journal |last1=Gibson |first1=J. |last2=Roemer |first2=E. |last3=Marsden |first3=B. G. |title=Periodic Comet Schaumasse (1976 XV = 1984m) |journal=International Astronomical Union Circular |date=1 September 1984 |issue=3986 |pages=2 |url=http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/03900/03986.html#Item2 |issn=0081-0304}}
The comet was not observed during the 2009 unfavorable apparition since the perihelion passage occurred when the comet was on the far side of the Sun. It passed within {{Convert|0.025|AU|e6km|abbr=unit|lk=on|sigfig=1}} of the dwarf planet Ceres on 22 March 2010. During the 2017 apparition the comet reached a magnitude of 10.{{cite web |last1=Champo |first1=Pepe |title=COMET 24P/SCHAUMASSE (NOV.19,2017) |url=https://skyandtelescope.org/online-gallery/comet-24pschaumasse-nov-192017/ |website=Sky & Telescope |date= 23 November 2017 |access-date=29 March 2023}} It was last observed on 19 June 2018 when it was 2.7 AU from the Sun.
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 0.9em;"
|+24P/Schaumasse closest Earth approach on 2026-Jan-04 ! Date & time of ! Earth distance ! Sun distance ! Velocity ! Velocity ! Uncertainty ! Reference | ||||||
| 2026-Jan-04 | {{Convert|0.597|AU|e6km e6mi LD|abbr=unit|lk=on}} | {{Convert|1.19|AU|e6km e6mi LD|abbr=unit}} | 19.0 | 35.8 | ± 420 thousand km | [https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%27DES%3D24P%3BCAP%27&START_TIME=%272026-01-04%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-01-05%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2719,20,22,39%27 Horizons] |
Around 3 October 2100 it should pass about {{Convert|0.27|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}} from Mars.
The comet nucleus is estimated to be 2.6 kilometers in diameter.
References
{{reflist
| refs =
|date=2009-04-07
|title=24P/Schaumasse
|publisher=Seiichi Yoshida's Comet Catalog
|author=Seiichi Yoshida
|url=http://www.aerith.net/comet/catalog/0024P/index.html
|access-date=2010-02-24}}
|first=Gary W.
|last=Kronk
|author-link=Gary W. Kronk
|year=2001–2005
|title=24P/Schaumasse
|url=http://cometography.com/pcomets/024p.html
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923175448/http://cometography.com/pcomets/024p.html
|archive-date=2011-09-23
|url-status=live
|access-date=2007-01-31}}
|title=24P/Schaumasse past, present and future orbital elements
|url=http://jcometobs.web.fc2.com/pcmtn/0024p.htm
|work=Comet Orbit
|first=Kazuo |last=Kinoshita
|date=2018-04-07
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710232850/http://jcometobs.web.fc2.com/pcmtn/0024p.htm
|archive-date=2011-07-10
|url-status=dead
|access-date=2023-07-29}}
|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 24P/Schaumasse
|type=last observation: 2018-06-19
|publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=24P&view=OPC
|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121212061905/http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=24P;cad=1%23cad
|archive-date=2012-12-12
|url-status=live
|access-date=2010-02-25}}
|title=Horizons Batch for 24P/Schaumasse (90000353) on 2100-Oct-03
|publisher=JPL Horizons
|url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%27DES%3D24P%3BCAP%27&START_TIME=%272100-Oct-02%27&STOP_TIME=%272100-Oct-04%27&STEP_SIZE=%271%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720%27&CENTER=%27@499%27
|accessdate=2023-07-29}} (JPL#K173/9 Soln.date: 2018-Sep-24)
}}
External links
- {{JPL Small Body|id=1000077}}
- [http://www.aerith.net/comet/catalog/0024P/index.html 24P/Schaumasse] – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
- [http://cometography.com/pcomets/024p.html 24P at Kronk's Cometography]
- [http://jcometobs.web.fc2.com/pcmtn/0024p.htm 24P at Kazuo Kinoshita's Comets]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Schaumasse, 024P}}