36th Engineer Brigade (United States)

The 36th Engineer Brigade is part of III Armored Corps, and consists of a Headquarters and Headquarters Company, which is located at Fort Cavazos, Texas and four Engineer Battalions:{{Cite web |url=http://www.hood.army.mil/36thengbde/units.aspx |title=Units |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=21 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053637/http://www.hood.army.mil/36thengbde/units.aspx |url-status=dead }} 4th Engineer Battalion, 5th Engineer Battalion, 20th Engineer Battalion, and the 62nd Engineer Battalion.{{Cite web |title=36th Engineer Brigade: U.S Army Fort Cavazos |url=https://home.army.mil/hood/index.php/units-tenants/36th-engineer-brigade |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006204719/https://home.army.mil/hood/index.php/units-tenants/36th-engineer-brigade |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 October 2022 |access-date=10 February 2023 |website=U.S. Army}}

The brigade was the first of the US Army's Engineer Brigades to be converted to a modular design. This means that the Brigade can be deployed and sustain itself independently, without a division or corps level command supporting it. Additionally, the brigade's design allows it to take command of additional units within a theater of operations, allowing for greater versatility on the battlefield.[http://www.wood.army.mil/ENGRMAG/PDFs%20for%20Oct-Dec%2005/leadway.pdf Lead The Way] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810214435/http://www.wood.army.mil/engrmag/PDFs%20for%20Oct-Dec%2005/leadway.pdf |date=10 August 2007 }}, CSM Clinton J. Pearson, United States Army Engineer School. Retrieved 10 April 2008.

The 36th Engineer Brigade was originally constituted on 1 October 1933[http://www.hood.army.mil/36thengbde/Lineage.html Lineage and Honors: 36th Engineer Brigade]{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, United States Army Center of Military History. Retrieved 10 April 2008 as the 36th Engineer Regiment and activated on 1 June 1941 at Plattsburgh Barracks, New York. During World War II the 36th Engineer Regiment consisted of nine combat engineer companies trained for amphibious assault and support operations. Because of this training, the unit's distinctive insignia was designed with a seahorse on a red and white shield.

The brigade was deployed to the North African Campaign in 1942, participating in Operation Torch, where it conducted its first amphibious assault, and earning the brigade its first campaign streamer for the battle around Algeria and French Morocco. It would continue supporting Allied units as they pushed Axis forces out of North Africa during the Tunisia Campaign.

The brigade would then participate in the Battle of Sicily, conducting its second amphibious landing along with the 7th Army. It would push on with the rest of the force, eventually forcing German and Italian forces off of the island. The Brigade followed in the quick invasion of mainland Italy soon after, with an amphibious assault in the Naples-Foggia area, followed closely by another landing in support of Operation Shingle, near Anzio. For fifty days, during Operation Shingle, soldiers of the brigade held {{convert|7|mi|km}} of the front line and earned the distinction by the German army as "The Little Seahorse Division".

The unit subsequently participated in the invasion of southern France in 1944, code named Operation Dragoon, conducting its fifth and final amphibious assault of the war.[http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Eng/36EngineerBrigade.htm The Institute of Heraldry: 36th Engineer Brigade] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070628212113/http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Eng/36EngineerBrigade.htm |date=28 June 2007 }}, The Institute of Heraldry. Retrieved 12 May 2008. It would support Allied units through three additional campaigns up until the end of the war; the Rhineland Campaign, the Ardennes-Alsace Campaign, and the Central Europe Campaign.

On 15 February 1945, the unit was redesignated as the 36th Engineer Combat Group, and following World War II it reorganized at Fort Lewis, Washington. The unit was broken up, its three battalions redesignated as the 2826th Combat Engineer Battalion, the 2827th Combat Engineer Battalion, and the 2828th Combat Engineer Battalion, respectively. They then assumed separate lineage, and the Regiment itself was inactivated on 30 November 1946 in Austria.

Reactivated on 5 May 1947 at Fort Lewis, Washington, the unit officially became the 36th Engineer Group on 10 April 1953. During the Korean War, the 36th Engineer Combat Group consisted of four engineer battalions and four additional engineer companies, earning two Meritorious Unit Citations and the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation. It served in the Korean theater from 1950 until 1954, earning nine campaign streamers while supporting other army units in numerous engineering and construction projects, including rebuilding the Han river bridge just outside Seoul. During its assignment, the group was assigned to IX Corps of the Eighth United States Army.[http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/summary_0199-3224608_ITM Korea: ROA remembers the forgotten war.(Reserve Officers Association of the United States)], The Officer magazine. Retrieved 26 August 2008. Projects that the group and its subordinate battalions completed included POW facilities, allied bases, and minefield clearing. Along with the rest of IX Corps, the group was forced back behind the Pusan Perimeter and remained stranded there until the Incheon Landings were conducted by X Corps. The group would follow IX Corps for the remainder of the Korean war.[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/ix-corps.htm GlobalSecurity.org: IX Corps], GlobalSecurity. Retrieved 26 August 2008.

After its withdrawal from Korea, the unit did not participate in any notable campaigns until its inactivation on 30 May 1972 at Fort Lewis. It was reactivated shortly after on 1 July 1973 as the 36th Engineer Group (Construction) at Fort Benning, Georgia. It would see no conflicts until the start of the Gulf War. In 1989, it participated in "Exercise Camino De La Paz," an unscheduled exercise conducted in the first half of 1989 on the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica.[https://www.history.army.mil/books/DAHSUM/1989/CH12.htm Department of the Army Historical Summary: FY 1989] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306031934/https://www.history.army.mil/books/DAHSUM/1989/CH12.htm |date=6 March 2016 }}, United States Army. Retrieved 10 April 2008.

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During the 1991 Gulf War, the 36th Engineer Group (Construction) fought in support of the 24th Infantry Division's rapid attack to the Euphrates. The unit also deployed in support of peace enforcement missions during Operation Continue Hope in Somalia and Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti. Most recently, the 36th Engineer Group (Construction) has twice deployed to Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, executing a wide variety of construction missions in support of combat operations, including the construction of enemy prisoner of war camps, theater convoy support centers, and soldier life support areas.[http://www.hood.army.mil/36thengbde/History.html 36th Engineer Brigade Homepage: History] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081227115933/http://www.hood.army.mil/36thengbde/History.html |date=27 December 2008 }}, 36th Engineer Brigade Staff. Retrieved 10 April 2008. Some of the soldiers from the unit were still in Iraq as late as October 2007.[http://www.kdhnews.com/news/story.aspx?id=20093 More than 150 Fort Cavazos soldiers return from Iraq] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216225314/http://www.kdhnews.com/news/story.aspx?id=20093 |date=16 February 2008 }}, Amanda Kim Stairrett, Killeen Daily Herald. Retrieved 10 April 2008

On 16 June 2006, the unit was reorganized and redesignated the 36th Engineer Brigade. and reassigned to Fort Cavazos, Texas as the United States Army's first modular engineer brigade headquarters. The brigade deployed to Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom in 2007, holding a ceremony at III Corps Headquarters, casing its unit colors in preparation for its deployment on 28 February 2007.[http://www.forthoodsentinel.com/articles/2008/04/10/community/welcome_home/welcome03.txt 36th Eng. Bde. deploys to Afghanistan]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Heather Graham, Fort Cavazos Sentinel. Retrieved 10 April 2008.[http://www4.army.mil/outreach/calendar/index.php?event_id=4879&r=1 February 2007&date=28 February 2007 US Army Community Relations Calendar]{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, United States Army. Retrieved 10 April 2008. The brigade supports operations conducted by the 82nd Airborne Division. It is part of Task Force Rugged, and among its duties are training Afghan citizens in skilled labor and other nationbuilding operations.[http://www.defenselink.mil/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=48687 Workshop Trains Afghans on Construction Skills], Capt. Ashley Dellavalle, Defenselink.mil news service. Retrieved 10 April 2008. Most of the brigade served in Afghanistan since February 2007, while other elements of the unit served in Iraq.[http://www.defenselink.mil/transcripts/transcript.aspx?transcriptid=4160 DoD News Briefing with Col. Stevens from Afghanistan], Col. Gary Kneck, Department of Defense Press Office. Retrieved 10 April 2008 While in Afghanistan, the brigade headquarters were stationed at Forward Operating Base Sharana. It also began to undertake missions against Improvised Explosive Devices, a problem which had originated in Iraq but since became more of a threat in Afghanistan.[http://www.hood.army.mil/36thengbde/images2/Newsletter1/Rugged%20Times%20Newsletter%20Qtr%204.pdf CTF Rugged Times: VOlume 1 Issue 4]{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, 1 April 2008. Retrieved 1 December 2008.{{Cite web |title=Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 36th Engineer Brigade - Lineage and Honors |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/eng/0036enbde.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620214611/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/eng/0036enbde.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 June 2008 |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=history.army.mil}}

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• [http://www.hood.army.mil/36thengbde/ Official 36th Engineer Brigade Homepage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070604065827/http://www.hood.army.mil/36thengbde/ |date=4 June 2007 }}
• [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/36eng-grp.htm 36th Engineers at Global Security]

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Category:Military units and formations established in 1933