38th (Irish) Brigade#Current formation

The 38th Brigade came into existence in 1914, as one of the brigades of 13th (Western) Division, one of the Kitchener's Army war-raised formations. It fought through the war as part of 13th Division.{{cite book |series=History of the Great War Based on Official Documents Compiled at the Request of the Government of India, under the Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence |title=The Campaign in Mesopotamia 1914–1918 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.210668 |volume=III |last=Moberly |first=Frederick James |year=1997 |orig-year=1925 |publisher=HMSO |location=London |edition=facs. repr. Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, Nashville TN |url-access=registration |via=Archive Foundation |isbn=1-901623-05-X|page=370}}

It was reformed on 13 January 1942 by the re-designation of the 210th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home), a Home Defence formation organised in October 1940. The 210th Brigade had been serving in the Dorset County Division. When that division was disbanded on 24 November 1941, 210 Brigade transferred to the 1st Infantry Division. By then, all of 210 Brigade's English home defence battalions had been posted away and were replaced by the 1st Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers, the 6th Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and the 2nd Battalion, London Irish Rifles. Of the three battalions, only the 1st Royal Irish Fusiliers had seen active service, fighting in the Battle of France where they were forced to retreat to Dunkirk and were subsequently evacuated to England.{{cite web|url=https://wartimeni.com/article/1st-battalion-royal-irish-fusiliers-dunkirk/#:~:text=On%2029th%20May%201940%2C%201st,joined%20the%20British%20Expeditionary%20Force.|title=1st Battalion Royal Irish Fusiliers and the fighting retreat to Dunkirk|publisher=Wartime NI|access-date=11 July 2020}}

File:The British Army in Sicily 1943 NA5399.jpgs and troops of the 6th Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, move up to Catenanuova, Sicily, August 1943.]]

In June 1942, the brigade was transferred from the 1st Infantry Division to the 6th Armoured Division and it landed in North Africa with the division on 22 November 1942, as part of the British First Army. In March 1943, it exchanged with the 1st Guards Brigade and joined the 78th Battleaxe Infantry Division and fought with distinction throughout the rest of the Tunisian Campaign. In late April, the 38th (Irish) Brigade played a lead role in the capture of the German defensive positions in the mountains north of Medjez-el-Bab and the campaign ended in mid-May, with almost 250,000 Axis soldiers surrendering. The brigade were the first marching troops to enter Tunis on 8 May 1943.{{cite web|url=https://www.royal-irish.com/events/inniskillings-and-faughs-beat-germans-tunisia|title=38 (Irish) Brigade beat off German attack, Tunisia|publisher=Royal Irish|access-date=11 July 2020}}

File:The British Army in Italy 1944 NA15654.jpgs of the 1st Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers pass a wrecked German Nebelwerfer rocket launcher near Ceprano, Italy, 28 May 1944.]]

After a short rest, the brigade again saw action in the Allied invasion of Sicily (in particular the capture of Centuripe), and in the Italian Campaign, spearheading the British Eighth Army's advance to the Volturno Line, and later at the Battle of Monte Cassino and at Lake Trasimene. Shortly afterwards, the brigade was sent to rest in Egypt. While there, the 6th Inniskillings was disbanded and the men transferred to the 2nd Battalion, another Regular Army unit, which had arrived from 13th Brigade of the 5th Division, and the surplus men were transferred to fill gaps in the other battalions of the brigade.Ford pp. 242-243

The rest was short-lived, however, and the brigade soon returned to Italy where it was involved in fighting north of Florence, followed later by Operation Grapeshot. During May 1945, it was (briefly) detached to both 46th Infantry and 6th Armoured Divisions and the brigade then was allotted occupation duties in Carinthia in southern Austria, before being formally disbanded in April 1947.[http://www.irishbrigade.co.uk/ The Irish Brigade]Joslen, p. 373.

The 38th Brigade was constituted as follows during the war:

• 1st Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers
• 2nd Battalion, London Irish Rifles
• 6th Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers (disbanded 5 August 1944)
• 2nd Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers (from 26 July 1944)

The following officers commanded the 38th Brigade during the war:

• Brigadier Morgan O'Donovan (12 January 1942 – 1 July 1942)
• Brigadier Nelson Russell (1 July 1942 – 20 February 1944)
• Brigadier Thomas (Pat) Scott (from 20 February 1944)

Formations that the brigade served under included:{{oob unit | id = 1460 | name = 38 (Irish) Infantry Brigade }}

• 1st Infantry Division 25 November 1941 – 7 June 1942
• 6th Armoured Division 9 June 1942 – 16 February 1943
• 'Y" Division 16 Feb 43 – 15 March 1943
• 78th Infantry Division 15 March 1943 – 28 March 1943
• 46th Infantry Division 29 March 1943 – 6 April 1943
• 78th Infantry Division 7 April 1943 – 10 May 1945
• 6th Armoured Division 10 May 1945 – 13 May 1945
• 46th Infantry Division 13 May 1945 – 18 May 1945
• 78th Infantry Division 18 May 1945 – 31 August 1945

38th (Irish) Brigade reformed on 1 August 2007, as part of a new combined divisional / brigade structure called HQ Northern Ireland and 38th (Irish) Brigade after the disbandment of HQ Northern Ireland and has its headquarters at Thiepval Barracks in Lisburn.[https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/cm060510/wmstext/60510m0032.htm Hansard, proceedings of the British Parliament]

The 38th Brigade subsequently came under command of the 2nd Division, the regional division for Scotland, the North of England and Northern Ireland, on 1 January 2009. it was now the regional brigade responsible for administering the Army within Northern Ireland. This was the culmination of a drawdown of military headquarters in Northern Ireland, which had seen the disbandment of 3rd Infantry Brigade, 8th Infantry Brigade, 39th Infantry Brigade and 107th (Ulster) Brigade.{{cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/cm060510/wmstext/60510m0032.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060623163025/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/cm060510/wmstext/60510m0032.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 June 2006|title=Northern Ireland (Future Garrison Structure)|date=10 May 2006|publisher=Hansard|access-date=19 September 2018}}

Today the Army Reserve soldiers from the brigade have served on operations supporting the Regular Army in the Balkans, on Operation Tosca in Cyprus, on Operation Herrick in Afghanistan and Operation Telic in Iraq. At home the brigade has the key role of providing the Civil Contingency Reaction Force for Northern Ireland. The Brigade Headquarters is also regionally aligned with the Republic of Ireland as part of defence engagement.{{cite web |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/878634/20190730-FOI08372_Li_Regionally_Aligned_Bdes_Response_Letter-ArmySec.pdf |title=Information regarding British Army brigades being regionally aligned |author= |date=2 August 2019 |website=assets.publishing.service.gov.uk |publisher=Ministry of Defence UK |access-date=9 April 2020 |quote=Responsible Organisation HQ 38th Infantry Brigade Region Republic of Ireland}}

Under the Army 2020 programme, 38th (Irish) Brigade moved from 2nd Division to 1st (United Kingdom) Division and was reorganised into an infantry brigade with three units: Royal Scots Borderers, 1st Battalion Royal Regiment of Scotland, 2nd Battalion The Rifles, and 7th Battalion, The Rifles all in the light infantry role.{{Cite web|last=Ministry|first=of Defence|date=July 2013|title=Transforming the British Army an Update|url=http://data.parliament.uk/DepositedPapers/Files/DEP2014-0042/20140110-PQ01968B-SOames-A2020-Update-Glossy-U.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325181706/http://data.parliament.uk/DepositedPapers/Files/DEP2014-0042/20140110-PQ01968B-SOames-A2020-Update-Glossy-U.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2014 |access-date=31 January 2021|website=Parliamentary Publishments}}

However, under the Army 2020 Refine, the brigade was completely reorganised. The following changes occurred: Royal Scots Borderers, 1st Battalion Royal Regiment of Scotland moved to the Specialised Infantry Group; 1st Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment joined from 7th Infantry Brigade as Light Mechanised Infantry; 7th Battalion, The Rifles joined 20th Armoured Infantry Brigade; and the 8th Battalion, The Rifles was formed and joined the brigade in 2018 as light infantry.{{Cite web|date=10 March 2017|title=Freedom of Information (Act) request regarding Army 2020 Refine|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/632554/2017-02130.pdf|access-date=17 December 2021|website=United Kingdom Parliamentary Publishings}}

Under the 2019 Field Army reorganisations, the brigade dropped its infantry commitments with the units moving to other commands: 2nd and 8th Battalions, The Rifles joining 51st Infantry Brigade, and 1st Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment re-joining 7th Infantry Brigade.{{cite news|author=|date=31 July 2019|title=Army restructures to confront evolving threats|work=Ministry of Defence|location=London|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/army-restructures-to-confront-evolving-threats|access-date=1 August 2019}}

• 38th (Irish) Brigade, at Thiepval Barracks, Lisburn{{Cite web|date=17 August 2020|title=Map/Maps showing the responsibilities of the British Army's Regional Commands across the United Kingdom|url=https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/672187/response/1617887/attach/3/20200813%20FOI08475%20Arbeely%20Response%20Letter%20ArmySec.pdf?cookie_passthrough=1|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819181645/https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/672187/response/1617887/attach/3/20200813%20FOI08475%20Arbeely%20Response%20Letter%20ArmySec.pdf?cookie_passthrough=1 |archive-date=19 August 2020 |access-date=17 August 2020|website=What do they know?}}
• Queen's University Officers' Training Corps (Army Reserve), at Tyrone House, Belfast{{Cite web|title=Queen's UOTC|url=https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/corps-regiments-and-units/university-officers-training-corps/queens-uotc/|access-date=2021-11-11|website=www.army.mod.uk}}
• Army Cadet Force
• 38th (Irish) Brigade Cadet Training Team, at Palace Barracks, Holywood{{Cite web|date=7 December 2021|title=Freedom of Information (Act) request regarding current Army Cadet Training Teams (CTTs)|url=https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/804576/response/1930395/attach/3/20211207%20FOI13531%20Zacchi%20Response%20Letter%20ArmyPolSec.pdf?cookie_passthrough=1|access-date=9 December 2021|website=What do they know?|publisher=Ministry of Defence}}
• 1st Northern Ireland Battalion, Army Cadet Force, in Belfast{{Cite web|title=1st Northern Ireland Battalion Army Cadets|url=https://armycadets.com/county/1st-northern-ireland-battalion-acf/|access-date=2021-04-29|website=Army Cadets UK}}
• 2nd Northern Ireland Battalion, Army Cadet Force, in Belfast{{Cite web|title=2nd (Northern Ireland) Battalion Army Cadets|url=https://armycadets.com/county/2nd-northern-ireland-battalion-acf/|access-date=2021-04-29|website=Army Cadets UK}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book | title =Battleaxe Division | first=Ken| last=Ford |year=2003|orig-year=1999| location=Stroud, UK |publisher=Sutton Publishing| isbn = 0-7509-3199-X| page=273 pages}}
• {{cite book | title =Clear The Way! History of the 38th (Irish) Brigade| first=Richard| last=Doherty |year=1994|orig-year=1993| location=Dublin, Ireland|publisher=Irish Academic Press| isbn = 0-7165-2542-9| page=336 pages}}
• {{cite book | title =All My Brothers| first=Edmund| last=O'Sullivan|year=2007|orig-year=2007| location=Slough, UK|publisher=Edmund O'Sullivan & Family| page=232 Contains an eyewitness account of serving in the 2nd Battalion of the London Irish Rifles from October 1939 March 1946 including O'Sullivan's involvement in Irish Brigade battles in Tunisia, Sicily and Italy, including at the Battle of Cassino in May 1944}}
• {{Joslen-OOB}}

• [https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/formations-divisions-brigades/regional-command/38-irish-brigade/ 38 (Irish) Brigade]
• [http://www.1914-1918.net The Long, Long Trail]
• [http://www.irishbrigade.co.uk/ Irish Brigade The Story of the 38th (Irish) Brigade during the Second World] A website containing information and eyewitness accounts. The site also has [https://web.archive.org/web/20131030053342/http://www.irishbrigade.co.uk/pages/eyewitness-accounts/irish-brigade-mar-1944---mar-1945-by-brigadier-tpd-scott.php], the story of the Irish Brigade written by TPD Scott, who commanded the brigade from February 1944 until the end of the war.

{{Current British brigades}}

{{British infantry brigades of the Second World War}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:38th Infantry Brigade}}

Category:Infantry brigades of the British Army

Category:Infantry brigades of the British Army in World War II

Category:Military units and formations established in 1942

Category:Military units and formations established in 2007

Category:British Army Regional Points of Command