3C 459
{{Short description|Radio galaxy in the constellation Pisces}}
{{Infobox galaxy|name=3C 459|epoch=J2000.0|constellation name=Pisces|ra={{RA|23|16|35.19}}|dec={{DEC|+04|05|18.29}}|z=0.220120|dist_ly=2.742 Gly (840.7 Mpc)|appmag_v=16.68|appmag_b=17.54|h_radial_v=65,990 km/s|type=Sy2, N galaxy;BLRG, LINER|size={{convert|8.73|kpc|ly|-2|abbr=off}}
(diameter; 0.5-1.2 keV Chandra)|notes=Radio galaxy|names=PGC 70899, IRAS 23140+0348, 4C +03.57, PKS 2314+03, NRAO 0709, TXS 2314+038|image=File:Image of 3C 459.jpg|caption=The radio galaxy 3C 459.}}
3C 459 known as IRAS 23140+0348, is a radio galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It is located 2.74 billion light years from Earth and is classified as a Seyfert 2 and LINER galaxy.{{Cite web |title=By Name NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database |url=http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/byname?objname=3C+459&hconst=67.8&omegam=0.308&omegav=0.692&wmap=4&corr_z=1 |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=ned.ipac.caltech.edu}}
Characteristics
3C 459 is categorized a Fanaroff-Riley class II radio galaxy.{{Cite journal |last1=Tadhunter |first1=C. |last2=Dickson |first2=R. |last3=Morganti |first3=R. |last4=Robinson |first4=T. G. |last5=Wills |first5=K. |last6=Villar-Martin |first6=M. |last7=Hughes |first7=M. |date=March 2002 |title=The origin of the UV excess in powerful radio galaxies: spectroscopy and polarimetry of a complete sample of intermediate-redshift radio galaxies |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=330 |issue=4 |pages=977–996 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05153.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0201391 |bibcode=2002MNRAS.330..977T |issn=0035-8711}}{{Cite journal |last1=J.E. Floyd |first1=David |last2=Axon |first2=David |last3=Baum |first3=Stefi |last4=Capetti |first4=Alessandro |last5=Chiaberge |first5=Marco |last6=Macchetto |first6=Duccio |date=July 2008 |title=Hubble Space Telescope Near-infrared Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts. II. An Atlas and Inventory of the Host Galaxies, Mergers, and Companions |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/587622/fulltext/ |access-date=2024-10-12 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |volume=177 |issue=1 |pages=148–173 |doi=10.1086/587622|arxiv=0712.0595 |bibcode=2008ApJS..177..148F }} Its luminosity at both radio and far infrared wavelengths is Lv(4.8 GHz) = 1026.4 W Hz−1 and vLv(60 μm) = 1012.2 Lʘ.{{Cite journal |last1=Drake |first1=Catherine L. |last2=McGregor |first2=Peter J. |last3=Dopita |first3=Michael A. |last4=van Breugel |first4=W. J. M. |date=November 2003 |title=Radio-ExcessIRASGalaxies: PMN/FSC Sample Selection |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/378714/fulltext/ |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=126 |issue=5 |pages=2237–2267 |doi=10.1086/378714 |arxiv=astro-ph/0306573 |bibcode=2003AJ....126.2237D |issn=0004-6256}} The host galaxy of 3C 459 is an elliptical galaxy with a disturbed outer morphology indicating a product of a galaxy merger. It also has a young stellar population.{{Cite journal |last1=Thomasson |first1=P. |last2=Saikia |first2=D. J. |last3=Muxlow |first3=T. W. B. |date=May 2003 |title=3C 459: a highly asymmetric radio galaxy with a starburst |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=341 |issue=1 |pages=91–99 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06393.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0305176 |bibcode=2003MNRAS.341...91T |issn=0035-8711}}{{Cite journal |last1=Morganti |first1=R. |last2=Oosterloo |first2=T. A. |last3=Tadhunter |first3=C. N. |last4=van Moorsel |first4=G. |last5=Killeen |first5=N. |last6=Wills |first6=K. A. |date=2001-05-11 |title=H I absorption in radio galaxies: effect of orientation or interstellar medium? |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=323 |issue=2 |pages=331–342 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04153.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0010636 |bibcode=2001MNRAS.323..331M |issn=0035-8711}}
3C 459 contains a triple radio structure, measuring a total extent of 29 kiloparsecs (kpc).{{Cite journal |last=Ulvestad |first=J. S. |date=1985-01-01 |title=The radio structure and host galaxy of 3C 459. |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985ApJ...288..514U/abstract |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=288 |pages=514–520 |doi=10.1086/162816 |bibcode=1985ApJ...288..514U |issn=0004-637X}} It consists of a radio core and two radio lobes separated by 40 kpc. The radio core in 3C 459 has a compact steep radio spectrum with east and west extensions.{{Cite journal |last1=Farrah |first1=D. |last2=Rowan-Robinson |first2=M. |last3=Oliver |first3=S. |last4=Serjeant |first4=S. |last5=Borne |first5=K. |last6=Lawrence |first6=A. |last7=Lucas |first7=R.A. |last8=Bushouse |first8=H. |last9=Colina |first9=L. |date=October 2001 |title=HST/WFPC2 imaging of the QDOT ultraluminous infrared galaxy sample |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=326 |issue=4 |pages=1333–1352 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2001.04721.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0106275 |bibcode=2001MNRAS.326.1333F |issn=0035-8711}} As for the lobes on the other hand, the western lobe is equally 5.5 times further from the nucleus, while the eastern lobe is compact and more closer.{{Cite journal |last1=Morganti |first1=R. |last2=Oosterloo |first2=T. |last3=Tadhunter |first3=C.N. |last4=Aiudi |first4=R. |last5=Jones |first5=P. |last6=Villar-Martin |first6=M. |date=December 1999 |title=The radio structures of southern 2-Jy radio sources: New ATCA and VLA radio images |url=https://aas.aanda.org/articles/aas/pdf/1999/21/ds1732.pdf |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series |volume=140 |issue=3 |pages=355–372|doi=10.1051/aas:1999427 |arxiv=astro-ph/9910150 |bibcode=1999A&AS..140..355M }} It is also indicated to be significantly depolarized by interstellar medium since only the western lobe shows strong polarization.
According to follow-up observation by Chandra X-ray Observatory in 2014, 3C 459 shows X-ray emission properties. Although most X-ray emission originates from the radio core, a significant amount of it is found at larger angular separations from the core, surrounding the galaxy's lobes and radio jets.{{Cite journal |last1=Maselli |first1=A. |last2=Kraft |first2=R. P. |last3=Massaro |first3=F. |last4=Hardcastle |first4=M. J. |date=2018-11-01 |title=Focusing on the extended X-ray emission in 3C 459 with a Chandra follow-up observation |url=https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2018/11/aa33332-18/aa33332-18.html |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |language=en |volume=619 |pages=A75 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201833332 |arxiv=1812.04015 |bibcode=2018A&A...619A..75M |issn=0004-6361}}
There is also detections of diffused nuclear emissions and a filamentary ionized gas structure in 3C 459 creating a single-sided triangular-shaped region with an outward expansion of up to ~ 80 kpc. In its central emission line region, it is dominated by two compact knots of similar flux. Both of them are found to have an offset of ~ 400 km s-1 from velocity point of view suggesting a dual active galactic nuclei (AGN) system in 3C 459.{{Cite journal |last1=Balmaverde |first1=B. |last2=Capetti |first2=A. |last3=Marconi |first3=A. |last4=Venturi |first4=G. |last5=Chiaberge |first5=M. |last6=Baldi |first6=R. D. |last7=Baum |first7=S. |last8=Gilli |first8=R. |last9=Grandi |first9=P. |last10=Meyer |first10=E. |last11=Miley |first11=G. |last12=O’Dea |first12=C. |last13=Sparks |first13=W. |last14=Torresi |first14=E. |last15=Tremblay |first15=G. |date=2018-11-01 |title=The MURALES survey - I. A dual AGN in the radio galaxy 3C 459? |url=https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2018/11/aa33515-18/aa33515-18.html |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |language=en |volume=619 |pages=A83 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201833515 |arxiv=1809.04083 |bibcode=2018A&A...619A..83B |issn=0004-6361}}
References
External links
{{wikiSky}}
- [https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=ICRF%20J231635.1%2B040518 3C 459 on SIMBAD]
{{Pisces (constellation)}}