4th G7 summit
{{Infobox summit
| summit_name = 4th G7 summit
| image = Palais Schaumburg.JPG
| caption = Schaumburg Palace in Bonn
| country = West Germany
| dates = 16–17 July 1978
| follows = 3rd G7 summit
| precedes = 5th G7 summit
|participants={{unbulleted list|
|Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (France)
|Helmut Schmidt (West Germany) (host)
|James Callaghan (United Kingdom)
|Roy Jenkins (European Commission)
|Helmut Schmidt (European Commission)
}}}}
The 4th G7 Summit was held at Bonn, West Germany between 16 and 17 July 1978. The venue for the summit meeting was at the former official residence of the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany in Bonn, the Palais Schaumburg.Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA): [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit Meetings in the Past.]
The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976),Saunders, Doug. [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080704.wG8-analysis05/BNStory/International/columnists "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders,"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011063004/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080704.wG8-analysis05/BNStory/International/columnists |date=2008-10-11 }} Globe and Mail (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the Group of Eight (G7) with the inclusion of Russia starting in 1997. and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981).Reuters: [https://web.archive.org/web/20081023185037/http://uk.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUKB26280520080703?sp=true "Factbox: The Group of Eight: what is it?"], July 3, 2008. The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany's chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six (G6) summit in 1975.Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt3AzOHtXwgC&dq=G7+summit&pg=PA205 Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations, p. 205.]
Leaders at the summit
File:G7 leaders 1978.jpg, Takeo Fukuda, Jimmy Carter, Helmut Schmidt, and Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]]
The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
The 4th G7 summit was the last summit for British Prime Minister James Callaghan and Japanese Prime Minister Takeo Fukuda.
=Participants=
These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:Rieffel, Lex. [http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV),"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx |date=June 3, 2010 }} Brookings. March 27, 2009; [http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site).] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ |date=June 3, 2010 }}MOFA: [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit (8)]; European Union: [http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php "EU and the G8"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070226165606/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php |date=February 26, 2007 }}
| class="wikitable" |
| colspan="4" style="text-align: center; background:Gainsboro" |Core G7 members Host state and leader are shown in bold text. |
| style="background:LightSteelBlue; text-align:center;"
! colspan=2 | Member ! Represented by ! Title |
| {{flagicon|CAN}}
| Canada |
|---|
| {{flagicon|FRA|1974}}
| France |
| {{flagicon|West Germany}} |
| {{flagicon|Italy}}
| Italy |
| {{flagicon|Japan|1947}}
| Japan |
| {{flagicon|UK}} |
| {{flagicon|US}} |
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|European Union}}
| rowspan="2" | European Community |
| Helmut Schmidt |
Issues
The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions. This was the first summit where rather than simply issuing joint statements, participants committed themselves to policy decisions.
Gallery of participating leaders
=Core G7 participants=
File:Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau 1975 (UPI press photo) (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|Canada}} Canada
Pierre Trudeau,
Prime Minister
File:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (1975).jpg|{{flagicon|France|1974}} France
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing,
President
File:Helmut Schmidt (13.07.1977).jpg|{{flagicon|Germany}} Germany
Helmut Schmidt,
Chancellor (Host)
File:Giulio Andreotti, ca 1979.jpg|{{flagicon|Italy}} Italy
Giulio Andreotti,
Prime Minister
File:Takeo Fukuda 19761224.jpg|{{flagicon|Japan|1947}} Japan
Takeo Fukuda,
Prime Minister
File:James Callaghan ppmsca.53218 (cropped).tif|{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} United Kingdom
James Callaghan,
Prime Minister
File:Carter cropped.jpg|{{flagicon|United States}} United States
Jimmy Carter,
President
File:Roy Jenkins 1977 (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|EU}} European Union
Roy Jenkins, Commission President
See also
Notes
{{reflist|2}}
References
- Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BqkEAQAAIAAJ&q=G7+summit Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal.] Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing. {{ISBN|978-0-7546-1185-1}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/43186692 OCLC 43186692]
- Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt3AzOHtXwgC Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations.] London: Routledge. {{ISBN|978-0-415-16486-3}}; {{ISBN|978-0-203-45085-7}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39013643 OCLC 39013643]
External links
- No official website is created for any G7 summit prior to 1995 -- see the 21st G7 summit.
- University of Toronto: G8 Research Group, [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca G8 Information Centre]
- [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/1978bonn/index.html G7 1978, delegations & documents]
{{G8 summits}}
{{Presidency of Jimmy Carter}}