501st Combat Support Group

{{Infobox military unit

|unit_name= 501st Combat Support Group

|image=62d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron North American F-86A-5-NA Sabre 49-1010.jpg

|image_size=300

|caption=62d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron F-86A Sabre at O'Hare IAP{{efn|Aircraft is North American F-86A-5-NA Sabre 49-1010, taken in 1951. This aircraft was transferred to the Air National Guard in January 1954 and was salvaged in May 1958. {{cite web |url= http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_serials/1949.html |last1=Baugher|first1=Joe |title=1949 USAF Serial Numbers|date=January 19, 2023|publisher=Joe Baugher|access-date=April 1, 2023}}}}

|dates= 1945–1948, 1953–1955, 1982–1991

|country={{USA}}

|branch={{air force|USA}}

|type=

|role=Base support

|size=

|command_structure=

|garrison=

|garrison_label=

|equipment=F-86 Sabre 1953–1955

|equipment_label=

|nickname=

|motto=

|colors=

|colors_label=

|march=

|mascot=

|battles=

|anniversaries=

|decorations=Air Force Outstanding Unit Award

|battle_honours=

|identification_symbol=165px

|identification_symbol_label=501st Combat Support Group Emblem{{efn|Approved September 1983. When assigned to the 501st Wing, the group uses the wing emblem with the group designation on the scroll. AF Instruction 84-105, Organizational Lineage, Honors and History, 27 April 2017, paragraph 3.3.3}}>{{cite web |url= https://catalog.archives.gov/id/6363067 |title=Approved insignia for: 501st Combat Support Group|date=12 September 1983|publisher=National Archives Catalog|access-date=April 8, 2023}}

}}

The 501st Combat Support Group is an inactive United States Air Force organization. It was last active as part of the 501st Tactical Missile Wing at RAF Greenham Common, England, where it provided support for the wing and tenant organizations as the host organization for Greenham Common rom 1982 to 1991.

The group was originally activated as the 501st Air Service Group, a support group, at the end of World War II and continued this mission with the American occupation forces in Germany through the beginning of the Berlin Airlift, when it was inactivated as United States Air Forces Europe implemented the wing base organization system. In 1982 the group was consolidated with the 501st Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron, a Second Air Force unit that provided base support at Great Bend Army Air Field, Kansas from 1943 to 1944.

The group was activated once again in 1953 as the 501st Air Defense Group, when Air Defense Command (ADC) established it as the headquarters for a dispersed fighter-interceptor squadron and the medical, aircraft maintenance, and administrative squadrons supporting it. It was replaced in 1955 when ADC transferred its mission, equipment, and personnel to the 56th Fighter Group in a project that replaced air defense groups commanding fighter squadrons with fighter groups with distinguished records during World War II.

History

=World War II and Occupation of Germany=

The earliest predecessor of the 501st Combat Support Group was the 501st Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron, which was organized in 1943 as the headquarters for Great Bend Army Air Field, Kansas, a World War II very heavy bombardment training base. Great Bend was one of the original bases where Boeing B-29 Superfortress units received their training{{cite web |url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/172/625.xml |title=Abstract, History Army Air Base Great Bend Kansas Sep 1942 – Jan 1944|publisher=Air Force History Index|access-date=20 September 2013}} before deploying to the China Burma India Theater. However, the Army Air Forces (AAF) found that standard military units, based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were proving themselves less well adapted to the training mission. Accordingly, a more functional system was adopted in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit.Craven & Cate. p. 7 This resulted in the 501st, along with other units at Great Bend, being disbanded and its personnel, equipment and functions transferred to the 243d AAF Base Unit (Operational Training Unit, Very Heavy).{{cite web |url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/172/631.xml |title=Abstract, Base History of Army Air Base Great Bend, KS Mar 1944|publisher=Air Force History Index|access-date=20 September 2013}}

The 501st Air Service Group was established toward the end of World War II to provide support for flying units in Germany and Austria from 1945 to 1948 as part of a reorganization of AAF support groups in which the AAF replaced service groups that included personnel from other branches of the Army and supported two combat groups with air service groups including only Air Corps units. It was designed to support a single combat group.Coleman, p. 208 Its 919th Air Engineering Squadron provided maintenance that was beyond the capability of the combat group, its 743rd Air Materiel Squadron handled all supply matters, and its Headquarters & Base Services Squadron provided other support. The group moved to Wiesbaden Air Base, Germany, where it replaced the 97th Airdrome Squadron as the primary support unit for the airfield.{{cite web |url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/102/826.xml |title=Abstract, History of 501 Air Service Group, Jan 1947|publisher=Air Force History Index|access-date=2 January 2012}} It briefly supported the Berlin Airlift before inactivation in 1948.{{cite web |url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/102/843.xml |title=Abstract, History of 501 Air Service Group, Jun 1948|publisher=Air Force History Index|access-date=2 January 2012}} It was replaced by elements of the 7150th AF Composite Wing in the Air Force wing base reorganization in 1948.{{cite web |url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/110/075.xml |title=Abstract, History of 7150 Composite Wing, Jul 1948|publisher=Air Force History Index|access-date=2 January 2012}} which was adopted to unify control at air basesGoss, p. 75 The group was disbanded later in 1948.Department of the Air Force Letter, 322 (AFOOR 887e), 8 October 1948, Subject: Disbandment of Certain Inactive Air Force Units

=Air Defense of the United States=

During the Cold War, the group was reconstituted, redesignated as the 501st Air Defense Group, and activated by Air Defense Command (ADC) at O'Hare International Airport on 16 February 1953Cornett & Johnson, p. 82 with responsibility for air defense in the Great Lakes area. It was assigned the 62d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which was already stationed at O'Hare, flying North American F-86 SabresCornett & Johnson, p.117 as its operational component.Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 239 The 62d had been assigned directly to the 4706th Defense Wing prior to the activation of the 501st Group. The group replaced the 83rd Air Base Squadron as USAF active duty host organization at O'Hare. It was assigned three squadrons to perform its support responsibilities.Cornett & Johnson, p. 146

The group added a second operational unit, the 42d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which was activated at O'Hare eight days after the group headquarters,Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p.195 and also Flew F-86s.Cornett & Johnson, p.115 In March 1953, the 62d Squadron converted to newer radar equipped and Mighty Mouse rocket armed North American F-86Ds. The group was inactivated and replaced by the 56th Fighter Group in 1955Maurer, Combat Units, p. 119{{cite web |url= https://www.dafhistory.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433237/56-operations-group-aetc/ |last1=Dollman|first1=TSG Davis|title=Factsheet 56 Operations Group (AETC)|date=27 July 2017|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency|access-date=18 August 2018}} as part of ADC's Project Arrow, which was designed to bring back on the active list the fighter units which had compiled memorable records in the two world wars.Buss, Sturm, Volan, & McMullen, p.6

=Ground Launched Cruise Missile Support=

In the early 1980s USAF began deploying Ground Launched Cruise Missiles in the European theater. The 501st Tactical Missile Wing was organized at RAF Greenham Common as the first USAF wing equipped with the BGM-109 Tomahawk missile.{{cite web |url= https://www.dafhistory.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433972/501-combat-support-wing-usafe/ |last1=Haulman|first1=Daniel L.|title=Factsheet 501 Combat Support Wing (USAFE)|date=14 June 2017|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency|access-date=18 August 2018}} The 501st group was redesignated the 501st Combat Support Group and activated as the headquarters for organizations supporting the wing and hosted all USAF organizations at Greenham Common. As the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty was implemented, the USAF withdrew its missiles from Europe and the wing and group were inactivated.

Lineage

501st Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron

Constituted as the 501st Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron

: Activated on 26 January 1943

: Disbanded on 1 April 1944Department of the Air Force DAF/MPM Ltr, 406q, 11 January 1982, Subject: Organization Actions Affecting Certain United States Air Forces in Europe Units

Reconstituted on 11 January 1982 and consolidated with the 501st Air Defense Group as the 501st Combat Support Group

501st Combat Support Group

Constituted as the 501st Air Service Group on 16 December 1944

: Activated on 1 June 1945

: Inactivated on 1 July 1948

: Disbanded on 8 October 1948

Reconstituted and redesignated 501st Air Defense Group on 21 January 1953

: Activated on 16 February 1953

: Inactivated on 18 August 1955

Redesignated 501st Combat Support Group on 11 January 1982 and consolidated with the 501st Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron

: Activated on 1 October 1982

: Inactivated on 31 May 1991

=Assignments=

Second Air Force, 26 January 1943 – 1 April 1944
Unknown (probably European Air Transport Service) 1 June 1945 – ca. June 1946
Headquarters Command, United States Air Forces Europe ca. June 1946 – 1 July 1948
4706th Defense Wing (later 4706th Air Defense Wing), 16 February 1953 – 18 August 1955
501st Tactical Missile Wing, 1 October 1982 – 31 May 1991

=Stations=

Great Bend Army Air Field, Kansas, 26 January 1943 – 1 April 1944
Bensheim, Germany, c. 1 June 1945
Tulln Air Base, Austria 25 August 1945{{cite web|url=http://home.earthlink.net/~tullnab/|last1=Edmonds|first1=Jack|title=Tulln Air Base|publisher=Earthlink.net|access-date=18 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530031949/http://home.earthlink.net/~tullnab/|archive-date=30 May 2012|url-status=dead}}
Wiesbaden Air Base, Germany 1 June 1946 – 1 July 1948{{cite web |url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/102/819.xml |title=Abstract, History of 501 Air Service Group, June 1946|publisher=Air Force History Index|access-date=18 June 2012}}
O'Hare International Airport, Illinois, 16 February 1953 – 18 August 1955
RAF Greenham Common, England, United Kingdom, 1 October 1982 – 31 May 1991

=Components=

Operational Squadrons

42d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 24 February 1953 – 18 August 1955
62d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 16 February 1953 – 18 August 1955{{cite web |url= https://www.dafhistory.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433226/62-fighter-squadron-aetc/ |last1=Robertson|first1=Patsy|title=Factsheet 62 Fighter Squadron (AETC)|date=22 May 2009|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency|access-date=21 November 2016}}

Support Squadrons

501st Air Base Squadron, 16 February 1953 – 18 August 1955
501st Civil Engineering Squadron, 1 October 1982 – 31 May 1991
501st Materiel Squadron, 16 February 1953 – 18 August 1955
501st Medical Squadron (later 501st USAF Infirmary),See {{cite web |url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/407/066.xml |title=Abstract, History of 501 Infirmary Jan–Jun 1955|publisher=Air Force History Index|access-date=18 June 2012}} 16 February 1953 – 18 August 1955

501st Missile Support Squadron, c. 1987 – 31 May 1991
501st Security Police Squadron, 1 October 1982 – c. 1 January 1983
743rd Air Materiel Squadron, 1 June 1945 – 1 July 1948
919th Air Engineering Squadron, 1 June 1945 – 1 July 1948

=Aircraft=

North American F-86A Sabre, 1953
North American F-86D Sabre, 1953–1955
North American F-86F Sabre, 1953–1955

=Awards and campaigns=

{{unit awards table

|award_image1=AF OUA

|award_name1=Air Force Outstanding Unit Award

|award_date1=1 July 1982 – 30 June 1984

|award_notes1=501st Combat Support Group{{cite web |url= https://access.afpc.af.mil/AwardsDMZ/SearchAwards.aspx/default.aspx |title=Air Force Recognition Programs|publisher=Air Force Personnel Center|access-date=23 February 2014}} (search)

|award_image2=AF OUA

|award_name2=Air Force Outstanding Unit Award

|award_date2=1 July 1987 – 31 May 1989

|award_notes2=501st Combat Support Group

|award_image3=AF OUA

|award_name3=Air Force Outstanding Unit Award

|award_date3=1 June 1989 – 31 May 1991

|award_notes3=501st Combat Support Group

}}

class="wikitable"

! Service Streamer

! Service

! Dates

! Notes

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American Theater of World War II

26 January 1943 – 1 April 1944

501st Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron

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World War II Army of Occupation

6 May 1945 – 1 July 1948

501st Air Service Group

References

=Notes=

; Explanatory nots

; Citations

=Bibliography=

Buss, Lydus H.(ed), Sturm, Thomas A., Volan, Denys, and McMullen, Richard F., History of Continental Air Defense Command and Air Defense Command July to December 1955, Directorate of Historical Services, Air Defense Command, Ent AFB, CO, (1956)
{{cite book|last=Coleman|first=John M|title=The Development of Tactical Services in the Army Air Forces|year=1950|publisher=Columbia University Press|location=New York, NY}}
{{cite book|last=Cornett|first=Lloyd H|author2=Johnson, Mildred W|title=A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization, 1946–1980|url=http://www.usafpatches.com/pubs/handbookofadcorg.pdf|year=1980|publisher=Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center|location=Peterson AFB, CO|access-date=20 November 2011|archive-date=13 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160213173347/http://www.usafpatches.com/pubs/handbookofadcorg.pdf|url-status=dead}}
{{cite book|last=Goss|first=William A.|editor=Craven, Wesley F. |editor2=Cate, James L. |url= https://media.defense.gov/2010/Nov/05/2001329890/-1/-1/0/AFD-101105-012.pdf|access-date=17 December 2016 |title=The Army Air Forces in World War II|volume=VI, Men & Planes|year=1955|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago, IL|oclc=704158| lccn=48003657|chapter=The Organization and its Responsibilities, Chapter 2 The AAF}}
{{cite book|editor=Maurer, Maurer|title=Air Force Combat Units of World War II|orig-year= 1961|url= http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/21/2001330256/-1/-1/0/AFD-100921-044.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161220180735/http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/21/2001330256/-1/-1/0/AFD-100921-044.pdf |url-status= dead |archive-date= 20 December 2016 |edition=reprint|year=1983|publisher=Office of Air Force History|location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-912799-02-1|lccn=61060979}}
{{cite book|editor=Maurer, Maurer|title=Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II|orig-year=1969|url= http://media.defense.gov/2010/Dec/02/2001329899/-1/-1/0/AFD-101202-002.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161220180455/http://media.defense.gov/2010/Dec/02/2001329899/-1/-1/0/AFD-101202-002.pdf|url-status= dead|archive-date= 20 December 2016|edition= reprint|year=1982|publisher=Office of Air Force History|location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-405-12194-6|oclc=72556|lccn=70605402}}