680s BC

• 689 BC—King Sennacherib of Assyria sacks Babylon.{{cite book|last1=Haubold|first1=Johannes|title=Greece and Mesopotamia: Dialogues in Literature|date=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781107010765|page=171|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=85sLLYY-owgC&pg=PA171|language=en}} (or 691 BC{{cite web |last1=Mark |first1=Joshua |title=The Mutual Destruction of Sennacherib & Babylon |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/article/745/the-mutual-destruction-of-sennacherib--babylon/ |website=World History Encyclopedia |access-date=August 7, 2023}})
• 688 BC—Traditional date for the founding of Gela in Sicily by colonists from Rhodes and Crete.E.J. Bickerman, Chronology of the Ancient World (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1968), p. 197
• 688 BC—Greece's games of the 23rd Olympiad are held at Olympia; boxing is added to the Olympic Games that are more and more intended as preparation for war. Icarius of Hyperesia wins the stadion race at the 23rd Olympic Games.Eusebius of Caesarea, Chronicle [http://www.attalus.org/translate/eusebius2.html].
• 687 BC—Gyges becomes king of Lydia.
• 687 BC—Hezekiah succeeded by Manasseh as king of Judah, either this year or next{{Cite journal |title=The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel |journal=Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1355182 |last=Albright |first=W. F. |issue=100 |pages=16–22 |doi=10.2307/1355182 |year=1945|jstor=1355182 |s2cid=163845613 |url-access=subscription }}The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). {{ISBN|978-0825438257}}, p. 217. or about a decade earlier.{{cite book |last1=Gershon Galil |title=The Chronology of the Kings of Israel and Judah |date=1996 |isbn=9789004106116 |page=104 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QkgEaWG0_j4C&q=726}}
• 685 BC—Traditional date of the foundation of Chalcedon by MegaraE.J. Bickerman, Chronology of the Ancient World (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1968), p. 197 or when it became a Greek colony.{{cite book|last1=Minns|first1=Ellis Hovell|title=Scythians and Greeks: A Survey of Ancient History and Archaeology on the North Coast of the Euxine from the Danube to the Caucasus|date=2011|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781108024877|page=439|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ijJ4o2iorhkC&pg=PA439|language=en}}
• 684 BC—Spring and Autumn period: Duke Zhuang, ruler of the Chinese state of Lu, defeats Duke Huan of Qi in the Battle of Changshao.
• 684 BC—Cleoptolemus of Laconia wins the stadion race at the 24th Olympic Games.
• 684 BC—Taharqa gives orders to build a temple to Amun-Re at Kawa{{cite book |last=Macadm |first=M.F. Laming |date=1955 |title=The Temples of Kawa II. History and Archaeology of the Site |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=61 }}
• 682 BC—Urtaki succeeds Shilnak-Inshushinak as the king of Elam.{{cite web|url=http://www.israel-a-history-of.com/ancient-assyrianbabylonianbiblicalcushiteegyptian-and-elamite-historical-confirmations.html|title=Ancient Assyrian,Babylonian,Biblical,Cushite,Egyptian and Elamite historical confirmations|publisher=}}
• 682 BC—Last year of the reign of Sennacherib, king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.{{citation needed|date=December 2016}}
• 682 BC—Ripunjaya, the last king of the Brihadratha dynasty, is assassinated by his minister Punika, who puts his son Pradyota on throne.
• 681 BC—King Sennacherib of Assyria is assassinated by one or two of his sons in the temple of the god Ninurta at Kalhu (Northern Mesopotamia) after a 24-year reign in which he defeated the Babylonians, made Nineveh (modern Iraq) a showplace, and diverted the waters of the Tigris River into a huge aqueduct to supply the city with irrigation.
• 681 BC—Sennacherib's second wife, Naqi'a (Zakitu), uses her wiles and influences to have the imperial council appoint her son Esarhaddon as her husband's successor in preference to the young man's two older brothers, who flee to Urartu (Armenia). Esarhaddon, unlike his father, is friendly toward Babylon and orders her reconstruction.
• 681 BC—Xi of Zhou becomes king of the Zhou Dynasty (China).
• 680 BC—Esarhaddon succeeds Sennacherib as king of Assyria.{{cite web|title=Esarhaddon - king of Assyria|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Esarhaddon|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=14 April 2018|language=en}}
• 680 BC—Greece's games of the 25th Olympiad is held at Olympia with the first equestrian event.{{cite web|title=Ancient Olympics|url=http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TC008aEN.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106040630/http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TC008aEN.html|archive-date=6 January 2017|access-date=2017-04-04|df=dmy-all}} "Four-horse chariot" A four-horse chariot race is run at the nearby hippodrome, slaves driving the chariots in a fierce competition that not infrequently ends in death. Thalpis of Laconia wins the stadion race at the 25th Olympic Games.
• 680 BC—A meteorite hits the Estonian island of Saaremaa, forming the Kaali crater (approximate date).

• 685 BC—Ashurbanipal, king of Assyria (d. c. 627 BC)
• 680 BC—Birth of Archilochus, Greek lyric poet (approximate date)

• 689 BC—Mushezib-Marduk, king of Babylon
• 687 BC—Hezekiah, king of Judah, either this year or next or about a decade earlier.
• 686 BC—Duke Xiang of Qi, ruler of the state of Qi
• 686 BC—Hezekiah, king of Judah, either this year or the previous{{Cite journal |title=The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel |journal=Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1355182 |last=Albright |first=W. F. |issue=100 |pages=16–22 |doi=10.2307/1355182 |year=1945|jstor=1355182 |s2cid=163845613 |url-access=subscription }}The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). {{ISBN|978-0825438257}}, p. 217. or about a decade earlier.{{cite book |last1=Gershon Galil |title=The Chronology of the Kings of Israel and Judah |date=1996 |isbn=9789004106116 |page=104 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QkgEaWG0_j4C&q=726}}
• 682 BC—Zhou zhuang wang, King of the Zhou dynasty of China.{{cite book|last1=Li|first1=Xiaobing|title=China at War: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia|date=2012|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781598844160|page=548|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R7qNuIJJsNEC&pg=PA548|language=en}}
• 681 BC—Sennacherib, king of Assyria

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