802 Naval Air Squadron
{{Short description|Defunct flying squadron of the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 802 Naval Air Squadron
|image=
|caption=In a blue field, Issuant from water, in base barry wavy white and blue, an arm embowed gold, the hand grasping an arrow white, winged gold
|dates=3 April 1933–April 1940
21 November 1940–21 December 1941
1 February–15 November 1942
1 May 1945–30 March 1947
1 May 1947–10 December 1952
2 February 1953–22 November 1955
6 February 1956–10 April 1959
|country= {{UK}}
|allegiance=
|branch= {{navy|United Kingdom}}
|type= Single-seat fighter squadron
|role= Naval Air Defence/Attack
|size=
|command_structure= Fleet Air Arm
|garrison=
|garrison_label=
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=Prima Ferire
(Latin: "First to Strike")
|colors=
|colors_label=
|march=
|mascot=
|equipment=
|equipment_label=
|battles=
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=
|disbanded=
|flying_hours=
|website=
|commander1=
|commander1_label=
|commander2=
|commander2_label=
|commander3=
|commander3_label=
|commander4=
|commander4_label=
|notable_commanders=
|identification_symbol=
|identification_symbol_label=
|identification_symbol_2=
|identification_symbol_2_label=
|identification_symbol_3=
|identification_symbol_3_label=
|identification_symbol_4=
|identification_symbol_4_label=
|aircraft_attack=
|aircraft_fighter=Hawker Nimrod
Hawker Osprey
Gloster Sea Gladiator
Grumman Martlet
Hawker Sea Hurricane
Supermarine Seafire
Hawker Sea Fury
Hawker Sea Hawk
|aircraft_interceptor=
|aircraft_patrol=
|aircraft_recon=
|aircraft_trainer=
|aircraft_transport=
}}
802 Naval Air Squadron (802 NAS) was a Naval Air Squadron of the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm.{{cite web|url=http://www.fleetairarmarchive.net/squadrons/802.html|title=802 Squadron|publisher=Fleet Air Arm Archive|access-date=8 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924014025/http://www.fleetairarmarchive.net/squadrons/802.html|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=usurped}}
Early history
802 Squadron was formed on 3 April 1933 aboard {{HMS|Glorious}} by the merger of two independent Royal Air Force naval units, 408 (Fleet Fighter) Flight and 409 (Fleet Fighter) Flight. By 1939, 802 Squadron was operating from {{HMS|Grebe}} (Dekhelia) in EgyptSturtivant, p. 451 where, like all Fleet Air Arm units, it was taken over by the Admiralty on 24 May 1939.
=Aircraft=
- Nimrod I S1579 571
- Osprey I K2783
- Osprey III K3643 549
- Osprey III Seaplane K3644 590{{cite book |title=Flying Units of the RAF |last= Lake |first=Alan |year=1999 |publisher=Airlife Publishing Ltd |isbn=978-1-84037-086-7 |page=276 }}
Second World War
In April 1940 802 Squadron was serving aboard Glorious with twelve Gloster Sea Gladiators when the ship was recalled to participate in the defence of Norway. The squadron ceased to exist after Glorious was sunk by the German battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau on 8 June 1940 during the defence of Norway.{{cite book |title=Squadrons of the Fleet Air Arm |last= Sturtivant |first=Ray |author-link=Ray Sturtivant |year=1984 |publisher=Air Britain (Historians) Ltd |isbn=0-85130-120-7 |page=167 }}
Reformed from part of 804 Squadron on 21 November 1940 with Martlet Is, the squadron sub-flights embarked on {{HMS|Audacity|D10|6}} in July 1941, with B flight serving on {{HMS|Argus|I49|6}} in August. In the following month the whole squadron was involved in Gibraltar escort convoys from Audacity from which it shot down four Focke-Wulf Fw 200's. The squadron was lost on 21 December 1941 when Audacity was sunk by {{Ship|German submarine|U-751||2|up=yes}}.
The squadron was re-formed at Yeovilton in February 1942 with Hawker Sea Hurricane Ibs, before embarking on {{HMS|Avenger|D14|6}} for escorting Arctic Convoy PQ 18 in September during which time five enemy aircraft were shot down and 17 damaged, in conjunction with 883 Squadron. In September, the squadron embarked on Avenger and provided fighter cover on the Algerian invasion beaches. While returning to the UK Avenger was torpedoed and sunk by {{Ship|German submarine|U-155|1941|2}} on 15 November 1942.
The squadron lay dormant till May 1945 when reformed at Arbroath with 24 Supermarine Seafire L.IIIs. By VJ day, the squadron had spent a short period in {{HMS|Queen|D19|6}}, and had been anticipated to leave for the British Pacific Fleet with 9th Carrier Air Group.{{cite book |title=Spitfire: The History |last1= Morgan |first1=Eric B. |last2= Shacklady |first2=Edward |year=2000 |publisher=Key Books Ltd |location=Stamford |isbn=0-946219-48-6 }}
Post-war service
By the summer of 1947, 802 Squadron had switched to Seafire XVs operating from {{HMS|Vengeance|R71|6}}. During the Korean War 802 Squadron was assigned to {{HMS|Ocean|R68|6}}, and equipped with Hawker Sea Fury's. Squadron pilot Lieutenant "Hoagy" Carmichael was thought to have shot down a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 on 9 August 1952. Carmichael was recorded to have achieved this feat during a dogfight which started when a formation of four Sea Furys under his command were attacked by eight MiGs during a fighter bomber mission over Chinnampo.File 145, Sheet 2, World Aircraft Information Files It was later confirmed by squadron testimony and comparison against the squadron diary that the kill was achieved by Sub Leiutenant Brian 'Shmoo' Ellis, making the more junior 'Shmoo' one of only a handful of pilots of propeller planes to have shot down a jet.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tm24pawGO2w&ab_channel=AviatorsLounge
By the time of the Suez Crisis, 802 Squadron had transferred to {{HMS|Ark Royal|R09|6}}, and was equipped with Sea Hawk FB3s – one of these aircraft lost the front of a drop tank to ground fireFile 146, Sheet 1, World Aircraft Information Files while the squadron was embarked aboard {{HMS|Albion|R07|6}} in September 1956. 802 Squadron re-equipped with Sea Hawk FB5s before transferring to the Ark Royal in May 1957. Following a trip to the United States, which included cross-operations with {{USS|Saratoga|CV-60|6}}, 802 Squadron completed two tours in the Mediterranean, the second of these starting in September 1958 aboard {{HMS|Eagle|R05|6}}, and ending with the disbandment of 802 Squadron at RNAS Lossiemouth on 10 April 1959. Plans to reform 802 Squadron at Yeovilton in 1979 with five British Aerospace Sea Harriers failed to materialise.Sturtivant p. 169
References
=Citations=
{{Reflist}}