9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
{{Short description|Gelug Tibetan Buddhist leader (1933–2012)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|title = His Holiness the 9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (Bogd Khan)
| name = Jampal Namdröl Chökyi Gyaltsen
| image = Ninth Khalkha Jetsun Dhampa.jpg
| caption = The 9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
| image_size = 200px
| birth_date = 6 January 1933
| predecessor = Bogd Khan
| successor = 10th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
| death_date = {{death date and age|2012|3|1|1933|1|6|df=y}}
| death_place = Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| occupation = Spiritual head of Mongolia
| spouse =
}}
The 9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (January 6, 1933 – March 1, 2012) was the 9th reincarnation of the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the third highest lama in the Tibetan Buddhism hierarchy and the spiritual leader of the Gelug lineage among the Khalkha Mongols.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} Although recognized as the reincarnation of the Bogd Khan in 1936, his identity was kept a secret by the Dalai Lama until 1990, due to the persecution of the Buddhist religion by the Communist Mongolian People's Republic, and he did not reside in Mongolia until the final year of his life.
Biography
He was born as Jampal Namdol Chökyi Gyaltsen{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} on the tenth day of the eleventh month of Water Monkey year (6 January 1933) near the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa, Tibet. Six months after his birth, his parents separated and his mother left him in the care of his uncle who was a bodyguard of the thirteenth Dalai Lama. The thirteenth Dalai Lama died in December 1933, and Reting Rinpoche became Regent of Tibet until a new Dalai Lama was discovered and crowned. In 1936, because of the inability of the Mongolian lamas to proclaim the discovery of the ninth Khutughtu, Reting Rinpoche recognised Jampal Namdol Chökyi Gyaltsen, then aged four, as the reincarnation of the Jetsundamba Khutughtu, after the boy passed three sets of tests. Due to the complex political situation, his existence was kept a secret. At the age of seven, he entered the Drepung Monastery, but because his identity was kept secret, he could not enter the Khalkha Mitsen, but had to follow the life of a common monk. At age 25, he renounced his monastic vows and became a householder, took a wife and had two children. When the fourteenth Dalai Lama escaped from Tibet in 1959, Jampal Namdol did also, fearing that his identity would be revealed and he would be killed or used by the Communists for propaganda.Mongolyn IX Bogd Jevzundamba Khutagt Jambalnamdolchoijijantsan. Ulaanbaatar: Gandantegchenlingijn khiidijn "Bilgijn melmii" sonin, 2009.
File:Zespół klasztoru Gandan (26).jpg lineage among the Khalkha Mongols with photo of the 14th Dalai Lama. Gandantegchinlen Monastery, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia]]
In exile in India, he worked at various jobs, including in the Tibetan language section of All India Radio, and at Tibet House in New Delhi. His first wife died, and he remarried. In 1975, his family (now including seven children) moved to Karnataka. In 1984, Jampal Namdol visited Lhasa, and in 1990 the Dalai Lama issued a statement revealing the identity of the ninth Khutughtu. In 1991 the Dalai Lama performed an installation ceremony in Madhya Pradesh and in 1992 an enthronement ceremony in Dharmshala for the ninth Jebtsundamba Khutughtu. In July 1999, while visiting Mongolia on a tourist visa, Jampal Namdol took part in an enthronement ceremony at the Gandantegchinlen Khiid Monastery in Ulaanbaatar. He continued to live in exile in India.Central Asiatic Journal, XLV:2, 2001, "The Life and Lineage of the Ninth Khalkha Jetsun Dhampa Khutukhtu of Urga" by Fabian Sanders, pp. 293-303 Now he was considered the leader of Mongolian Buddhists. In 2010 he came to Mongolia at the invitation of the Gandantegchinlin monastery and received Mongolian citizenship, but returned to Dharamshala afterwards.[http://english.news.mn/content/28982.shtml Ninth Bogd receives Mongolian citizenship] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815174154/http://english.news.mn/content/28982.shtml |date=2011-08-15 }}. News.mn, 13 September 2010 Then he returned to Mongolia. In November 2011 he was enthroned as the head of Buddhists of Mongolia.Д. Гэрэлт. [http://orloo.mn/links.php?weblink=http://sonin.mn/2011/11/ix-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B4-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B-%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B3%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD-%D0%B1/ IX Богд Монголын бурхан шашины тэргүүн боллоо]{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Cite web |url=http://savetibet.ru/2011/11/04/bogdo-gegen.html |title=Богдо-гэгэн IX Джебцзундамба-хутухта провозглашен главой Центра буддистов Монголии |access-date=2011-11-19 |archive-date=2011-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111073153/http://savetibet.ru/2011/11/04/bogdo-gegen.html |url-status=live }}
The 14th Dalai Lama appointed the 9th Jebtsundamba to develop the Jonang tradition of Tibetan Buddhism.{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
Rinpoche died on March 1, 2012, in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, after a prolonged illness.{{Cite web |url=http://tibet.net/2012/03/01/obituary-his-eminence-the-ninth-khalkha-jetsun-dhampa/ |title=Obituary: His Eminence the Ninth Khalkha Jetsun Dhampa - Central Tibetan Administration |access-date=2012-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304095328/http://tibet.net/2012/03/01/obituary-his-eminence-the-ninth-khalkha-jetsun-dhampa/ |archive-date=2012-03-04 |url-status=dead }}
On November 23, 2016, during a visit to Mongolia, the Dalai Lama announced his belief that the 10th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu had been reborn in Mongolia and that a process for identifying him had begun. He was found and was anointed on 8 March 2023 by Dalai Lama in India.{{cite web | url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/dalai-lama-bowls-a-googly-at-china-appoints-mongolian-head-of-buddhism-101679885760747.html | title=Dalai Lama bowls a googly at China, appoints Mongolian head of Buddhism | work=Hindustan Times | date=27 March 2023 }}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Ninth-Jebtsundampa-Jampel-Namdrol-Chokyi-Gyeltsen/11437 Peer-reviewed biography of the Ninth Jebtsundampa Khutugtu Jampel Namdrol Chokyi Gyeltsen by Lhagvademchig Jadampa on The Treasury of Lives]
- [https://archive.today/20130122093841/http://emptyelephant.com/2012/04/23/aaaa-a/ The Prayer for the Swift Rebirth of the 9th Khalkha Jetsun Dampa Rinpoche, by HH the 14th Dalai Lama]
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Category:Jebtsundamba Khutuktus
Category:20th-century Tibetan people
Category:21st-century Tibetan people
Category:Buddhist monks from Tibet