A. C. Benson

Benson was born on 24 April 1862 at Wellington College, Berkshire, as one of six children of Edward White Benson (1829–1896), the first headmaster of the college, who would later be Archbishop of Canterbury from 1883 to 1896. His mother, Mary Sidgwick Benson, was a sister of the philosopher Henry Sidgwick.

Benson's literary family included his brothers Edward Frederic Benson, best remembered for his Mapp and Lucia novels, and Robert Hugh Benson, a priest of the Church of England before converting to Roman Catholicism, who wrote many popular novels. Their sister Margaret Benson was an artist, author, and amateur Egyptologist.

Though exceptionally accomplished, the Benson family met tragic times: a son and daughter died young, while another daughter and Arthur himself suffered from a mental condition that may have been bipolar disorder{{Cite news |url=http://www.spectator.co.uk/2011/07/the-gay-lambeth-way/ |first=Jane |last=Ridley |title=The gay Lambeth way" (review of Rodney Bolt, As Good as God, as Clever as the Devil: The Impossible Life of Mary Benson) |work=The Spectator |date=9 July 2011}} or manic-depressive psychosis, seemingly inherited from their father. None of the children married.{{Cite web |url=https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/html/1807/4350/poet374.html |title=Selected Poetry of Arthur Christopher Benson, 1862–1925 |work=Representative Poetry Online |publisher=University of Toronto}}

Despite his illness, Arthur was to become a distinguished academic and a prolific author. From ages 10 to 21, he lived in cathedral closes, first at Lincoln where his father was Chancellor of Lincoln Cathedral, and then at Truro, where his father was the first Bishop of Truro. He retained a love of church music and ceremony.

In 1874, he won a scholarship to Eton from Temple Grove School, a preparatory school in East Sheen. In 1881, he went up to King's College, Cambridge, where he was a scholar (King's College had closed scholarships for which only Etonians were eligible) and achieved first-class honours in the Classical tripos in 1884.{{acad |id=BN881AC |name=Benson, Arthur Christopher}}

From 1885 to 1903, Benson taught at Eton, but he returned to Cambridge in 1904 as a Fellow of Magdalene College to lecture in English Literature. He became president of the college (the Master's deputy) in 1912, and he was Master of Magdalene (head of the college) from December 1915 until his death in 1925. From 1906, he was a governor of Gresham's School.The Times newspaper, 22 October 1906, p. 6, col. C.

File:Arthur Christopher Benson, Vanity Fair, 1903-06-04.jpg for Vanity Fair, 1903.]]

The modern development of Magdalene was shaped by Benson, as a generous benefactor with a marked impact on the appearance of the college grounds; he appears in at least 20 inscriptions around the college.{{Cite web |url=http://www.magd.cam.ac.uk/about/history/twentieth.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040301085336/http://www.magd.cam.ac.uk/about/history/twentieth.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 March 2004 |title=Twentieth Century |publisher=Magdalene College |access-date=14 September 2014}} In 1930, the new Benson Court was named after him.[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66655 The colleges and halls – Magdalene] – British History Online. Retrieved 30 March 2010.

Benson worked with Lord Esher in editing the correspondence of Queen Victoria, which appeared in 1907.{{Cite book |last1=Ward |first1=Yvonne M. |title=Censoring Queen Victoria: how two gentlemen edited a queen and created an icon |date=2014 |publisher=Oneworld |isbn=9781780743639}}{{Cite journal |title=Review of The Letters of Queen Victoria edited by A. C. Benson and Viscount Esher, 3 vols. |journal=The Athenaeum |issue=4174 |date=26 October 1907 |pages=509–510 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__I_PcOFSw8C&pg=PA509}} His poems and essay volumes, such as From a College Window and The Upton Letters (essays in the form of letters) were famous in his time; and he left one of the longest diaries ever written: some four million words.Extracts from the diaries are printed in Edwardian Excursions. From the Diaries of A. C. Benson, 1898–1904, ed. David Newsome, London: John Murray, 1981. His literary criticisms of Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Edward FitzGerald, Walter Pater and John Ruskin rank among his best work.

Benson wrote the lyrics of the Coronation Ode, set to music by Edward Elgar for the coronation of Edward VII and Alexandra in 1902. It has as its finale one of Britain's best-known patriotic songs, "Land of Hope and Glory".

Like his brothers Edward Frederic and Robert Hugh, Benson was noted as an author of ghost stories. The bulk of them, in two volumes, The Hill of Trouble and Other Stories (1903) and The Isles of Sunset (1904), were written for his pupils as moral allegories. After Arthur's death, Fred Benson found a collection of unpublished ghost stories and included two in a book, Basil Netherby (1927). The title story was renamed "House at Treheale" and the volume completed by a long piece, "The Uttermost Farthing",Mike Ashley, "The Essential Writers: Blood Brothers" (Profile of E. F., A. C. and R. H. Benson). Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone Magazine, pp. 63–70, May/June 1984. but the fate of the other stories is unknown.

Paul the Minstrel and Other Stories (1911, reprinted 1977) collects the contents of The Hill of Trouble and Other Stories and The Isles of Sunset.Jack Sullivan, ed., The Penguin Encyclopedia of Horror and the Supernatural. NY: Viking Penguin, 1986, p. 30. Nine of Arthur's ghost stories are included in David Stuart Davies (ed.), The Temple of Death: The Ghost Stories of A. C. & R. H. Benson (Wordsworth, 2007), together with seven by his brother R. H. Benson, while nine of Arthur's and ten of Robert's appear in Ghosts in the House (Ash-Tree, 1996) – the contents of the joint collections are similar but not identical.

In The Schoolmaster, Benson summarised his views on education after 18 years' experience at Eton. He criticised a trend he found prevalent in English public schools, to "make the boys good and to make them healthy" to the detriment of their intellectual development.{{Cite book |last=Benson |first=A.C. |orig-year=1902 |title=The Schoolmaster |date=2011 |publisher=Peridot Press |isbn=978-1-908095-30-5 |chapter=Chapter 6, Intellect |page=29}}

A Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, he founded the Benson Medal in 1916 "in respect of meritorious works in poetry, fiction, history and belles lettres".{{Cite web |url=http://www.rslit.org/content/benson |title=The Benson Medal |publisher=The Royal Society of Literature |access-date=11 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100405221013/http://www.rslit.org/content/benson |archive-date=5 April 2010}}

File:Magdalene College, Cambridge - geograph.org.uk - 5904365.jpg]]

A. C. Benson died of a cardiac arrest at Magdalene, and was buried at St Giles's Cemetery in Cambridge.{{Cite web |title=Arthur Christopher Benson Biography: His life and Works |url=https://victorian-era.org/victorian-authors/arthur-christopher-benson-biography.html |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Victorian Era}}

Horror critic R. S. Hadji included Benson's Basil Netherby on a list of "unjustly neglected" horror books.R. S. Hadji, "13 Neglected Masterpieces of the Macabre", Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone Magazine, July–August 1983 . TZ Publications, Inc., p. 62.

Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch included Benson's poem "The Phoenix" in the first and second editions of The Oxford Book of English Verse.

{{Quote box

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By feathers green, across Casbeen

:The pilgrims track the Phoenix flown,

By gems he strew'd in waste and wood,

:And jewell'd plumes at random thrown.

Till wandering far, by moon and star,

:They stand beside the fruitful pyre,

Where breaking bright with sanguine light

:The impulsive bird forgets his sire.

Those ashes shine like ruby wine,

:Like bag of Tyrian murex spilt,

The claw, the jowl of the flying fowl

:Are with the glorious anguish gilt.

So rare the light, so rich the sight,

:Those pilgrim men, on profit bent,

Drop hands and eyes and merchandise,

:And are with gazing most content.

{{Col-end}}

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• Men of Might: Studies of Great Characters, with H. F. W. Tatham, 1892{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xIswAQAAMAAJ |title=Men of Might: Studies of Great Characters |date= 1899 |publisher=Arnold }}
• Le Cahier Jaune: Poems, 1892{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/lecahierjaunepoe00bensrich |title=Le Cahier Jaune: Poems |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1892 |publisher=G. New |via=Internet Archive}}
• Poems, 1893
• Genealogy of the Family of Benson of Banger House and Northwoods, in the Parish of Ripon and Chapelry of Pateley Bridge, 1894{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/genealogyfamily00bensgoog |quote=Genealogy of the family of Benson |title=Genealogy of the Family of Benson of Banger House and Northwoods, in the Parish of Ripon and Chapelry of Pateley Bridge |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1894 |publisher=New |via=Internet Archive}}
• Lyrics, 1895{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/lyrics01bensgoog |title=Lyrics |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1895 |publisher=John Lane |via=Internet Archive}}
• Lord Vyet & Other Poems, 1898
• Ode in Memory of the Rt. Honble. William Ewart Gladstone, 1898{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wPI_AAAAYAAJ&q=%22Ode+in+Memory+of+the+Rt.+Honble.+William+Ewart+Gladstone+%22&pg=PP5 |title=Ode in Memory of the Rt. Honble. William Ewart Gladstone |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1898 |publisher=R. Ingalton Drake }}
• Thomas Gray, 1895{{Cite book |title=Thomas Gray |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1895 |publisher=Eton |hdl=2027/hvd.hwilqf}}
• Essays, 1896.{{Cite book |title=Essays |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1896 |publisher=New York |hdl=2027/hvd.32044086675808}}
• Fasti Etonenses: A Biographical History of Eton, 1899{{Cite journal |title=Review of Fasti Etonenses by A. C. Benson & A History of Eton College by Lionel Cust |journal=The Athenæum |date=6 January 1900 |issue=3767 |pages=8–9 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101077276531;view=1up;seq=18}}
• The Professor: and Other Poems, 1900{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/professorandoth00bensgoog |title=The Professor: And Other Poems |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1900 |publisher=John Lane |via=Internet Archive}}
• The Schoolmaster, 1902{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/schoolmastercomm00bensrich |title=The Schoolmaster: A Commentary Upon the Aims and Methods of an Assistant-master in a Public School |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1908 |publisher=Putnam |via=Internet Archive}}
• The Hill of Trouble and Other Stories, 1903{{Cite book |title=The Hill of Trouble and Other Stories |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1903 |publisher=London |hdl=2027/inu.39000002156706}}
• The Isles of Sunset, 1904{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/islesofsunset00bensuoft |title=The Isles of Sunset |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1905 |publisher=Ibister |via=Internet Archive}}
• (as editor) Ionica by William Cory, 3rd edition, 1905{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/ionicawithbiogra00coryuoft |title=Ionica with Biographical Introduction and Notes by Arthur C. Benson |first=William |last=Cory |date=1905 |publisher=G. Allen |via=Internet Archive}}
• Peace: and Other Poems, 1905{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/peaceandotherpo00bensgoog |title=Peace: And Other Poems |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1905 |publisher=J. Lane |via=Internet Archive}}
• The Upton Letters, 1905
• The Gate of Death: A Diary, 1906{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RMAOAAAAMAAJ&q=The+Gate+of+Death%3A+A+Diary |title=The Gate of Death: A Diary |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1906 |publisher=G. P. Putnam's sons }}
• From a College Window, 1906{{Cite web |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/w/captcha/question/ |title=Project Gutenberg}}
• Monnow: An Ode, 1906
• Rossetti, 1906{{Cite book |title=Rossetti |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |series=English men of letters |date=1906 |publisher=S. Chand & Co. |hdl=2027/njp.32101066385236}}
• Walter Pater, 1906{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/walterpater00bensuoft |quote=A. C. Benson Walter Pater |title=Walter Pater |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1906 |publisher=Macmillan |via=Internet Archive}}
• The Thread of Gold, 1907{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/threadgold00bensgoog |title=The Thread of Gold |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1907 |publisher=Murray |via=Internet Archive}}
• Memoirs of Arthur Hamilton, 1907
• The House of Quiet: An Autobiography, 1907{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/housequietanaut00bensgoog |quote=The House of Quiet: an Autobiography |title=The House of Quiet: An Autobiography |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1907 |publisher=E. P. Dutton |via=Internet Archive}}
• The Altar Fire, 1907
• The Letters of One, a Study in Limitations, 1907
• Beside Still Waters, 1908{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/besidestillwate03bensgoog |title=Beside Still Waters |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1908 |publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons |via=Internet Archive}}
• At Large, 1908
• Tennyson, 1908{{Cite book |title=Alfred Tennyson |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1907 |publisher=E. P. Dutton & Co. |location=New York |hdl=2027/uc1.b3742961}}
• Until the Evening, 1909{{Cite book |title=Until the Evening |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |publisher=Thomas Y. Crowell & Co. |location=New York |date=1909 |hdl=2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t7fq9th3h}}
• The Poems of A. C. Benson, 1909{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7_o-AAAAIAAJ |title=The Poems of A. C. Benson... |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1909 |publisher=J. Lane }}
• The Child of the Dawn, 1911{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/childdawn01bensgoog |title=The Child of the Dawn |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1912 |publisher=G. P. Putnam's Sons |via=Internet Archive}}
• Paul the Minstrel and Other Stories, 1911
• The Leaves of the Tree: Studies in Biography, 1911{{Cite book |title=The Leaves of the Tree; Studies in Biography |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |publisher=Smith, Elder & Co. |location=London |date=1911 |hdl=2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5k93398t}}
• Ruskin: A Study in Personality, 1911{{Cite book |title=Ruskin: A Study in Personality |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons |location=New York |date=1911 |hdl=2027/uiug.30112074811271}}{{cite journal|title=Review of Ruskin: A Study in Personality by Arthur Christopher Benson|journal=The London Quarterly Review|year=1911|volume=116|page=166|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=omwyAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA166}}
• The Letters of Queen Victoria, 1907{{Cite book |title=The Letters of Queen Victoria, a selection from Her Majesty's correspondence between the years 1837 and 1861, published by authority of His Majesty the king; Vol. I 1837–1843 |last=Victoria |date=1907 |publisher=John Murray |location=London |hdl=2027/umn.31951002171032u}}{{Cite book |title=The Letters of Queen Victoria, a selection from Her Majesty's correspondence between the years 1837 and 1861, published by authority of His Majesty the king; Vol. II 1844–1853 |last=Victoria |date=1907 |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co. |location=New York |hdl=2027/hvd.hx3v5u}}{{Cite book |title=The Letters of Queen Victoria, a selection from Her Majesty's correspondence between the years 1837 and 1861, published by authority of His Majesty the king; Vol. III 1854–1861 |last=Victoria |date=1907 |publisher=John Murray |location=London |hdl=2027/osu.32435028626158}}
• Thy Rod and Thy Staff, 1912{{Cite book |title=Thy Rod and Thy Staff |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1912 |publisher=Smith, Elder & Co. |location=London |hdl=2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t6154n414}}
• The Beauty of Life: Being Selections from the Writings of Arthur Christopher Benson, 1912{{Cite book |title=The Beauty of Life: being selections from the writings of Arthur Christopher Benson |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |publisher=Hodder & Stoughton |location=London, New York, Toronto |date=1912 |hdl=2027/inu.39000002953664}}
• Joyous Gard, 1913{{Cite book |title=Joyous Gard |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1913 |publisher=G.P. Putnam's |location=New York and London |hdl=2027/uc1.$b682860}}
• The Silent Isle, 1913{{Cite book |title=The Silent Isle |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1910 |publisher=Smith, Elder & Co. |location=London |hdl=2027/uc1.$b682863}}
• Along the Road, 1913{{Cite book |title=Along the Road |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1913 |publisher=James Nisbet & Co. |location=London |hdl=2027/pst.000006729585}}
• Where No Fear Was: A Book About Fear, 1914
• The Orchard Pavilion, 1914{{Cite book |title=The Orchard Pavilion |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1914 |publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons |location=New York and London |hdl=2027/inu.30000118996788}}
• Escape and Other Essays, 1916{{Cite book |title=Escape, and Other Essays |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1915 |publisher=The Century Co. |location=New York |hdl=2027/hvd.32044090316472}}
• Meanwhile; A Packet of War Letters, 1916{{Cite book |title=Meanwhile; A Packet of War Letters |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1916 |publisher=John Murray |location=London |hdl=2027/uc1.b4078800}}
• Father Payne, 1917{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/fatherpayne00bensgoog |quote=Father Payne |title=Father Payne |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1917 |publisher=Putnam |via=Internet Archive}}
• Life and Letters of Maggie Benson, 1920{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.49488 |quote=Life and Letters of Maggie Benson |title=Life and Letters of Maggie Benson |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1917 |publisher=J. Murray |via=Internet Archive}}
• Watersprings, 1920{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/watersprings00bensgoog|quote=Watersprings |title=Watersprings |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1913 |publisher=Smith, Elder |via=Internet Archive}}
• Hugh: Memoirs of a Brother, 1920{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/hughmemoirsabro01bensgoog |quote=Hugh: Memoirs of a Brother |title=Hugh: Memoirs of a Brother |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1915 |publisher=Longmans, Green |via=Internet Archive}}
• The Reed of Pan; English Renderings of Greek Epigrams and Lyrics, 1922{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/reedofpanenglish00bensuoft#page/n0/mode/2up |author=Benson, A. C. |title=The Reed of Pan; English renderings of Greek epigrams and lyrics |year=1922}}
• Magdalene College, Cambridge: A Little View of Its Buildings and History, 1923{{Cite book |title=Magdalene College, Cambridge; A little view of its buildings and history |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date= 1923 |publisher=Bowes & Bowes |location=Cambridge |hdl=2027/uc1.$b279316}}
• Selected Poems, 1924
• Chris Gascoyne; An Experiment in Solitude, from the Diaries of John Trevor, 1924
• Everybody's Book of the Queen's Dolls' House, 1924
• Memories and Friends, 1924
• Edward Fitzgerald, 1925{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.153156 |quote=Edward Fitzgerald |title=Edward Fitzgerald |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1905 |publisher=Macmillan |via=Internet Archive}}
• The House of Menerdue, 1925{{Cite book |title=The House of Menerdue |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |date=1925 |publisher=William Heinemann |location=London |hdl=2027/uc1.$b682947}}
• Rambles and Reflections, 1926{{Cite book |title=Rambles and Reflections |first=Arthur Christopher |last=Benson |year=1926 |publisher=John Murray |location=London |hdl=2027/uc1.$b682862}}
• Basil Netherby, 1926
• The Diary of Arthur Christopher Benson, 1926

• "The Poetry of Mr. A. C. Benson", Sewanee Review, Volume 14 (Sewanee: University of the South, 1906), 110–111, 405–421.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VKg5AAAAMAAJ&q=Benson |title=The Sewanee Review |date=1906 |publisher=University of the South }}
• "Poets All", The Speaker, Volume 15, 13 February 1897 (London), 196{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4AMoAAAAYAAJ |title=The Speaker |date=1897 }}
• "Mr. Benson's Poems", The Literary World, Volume 48, 3 November 1893 (London: James Clarke & Co.), 329{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-DgZAAAAYAAJ |title=The Literary World |date=1893 }}
• "Selected Poetry of Arthur Christopher Benson" (1862–1925)
• "A Literary Causerie" in The Speaker, Volume 15, 13 March 1897 (London), 299

{{Reflist}}

{{refbegin}}

• A. C. Benson; David Newsome ed. (1981), Edwardian Excursions: From the Diaries of A. C. Benson 1898-1904, London: John Murray
• David Newsome (1980), On the Edge of Paradise: A. C. Benson the Diarist, London: John Murray
• Edward Hewish Ryle (1925), Arthur Christopher Benson as Seen by Some Friends, London: G. Bell and Sons
• {{Cite book |last=Tuck |first=Donald H. |author-link=Donald H. Tuck |title=The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy |location=Chicago, IL |publisher=Advent |page=39 |year=1974 |isbn=0-911682-20-1}}
• Keith Wilson (1990), "A. C. Benson," Robert Beum, ed., Dictionary of Literary Biography: British Essayists, 1880–1960. Detroit: Gale, 192–204.

{{refend}}

{{wikiquote}}

{{Commons category}}

• {{wikisource author-inline}}
• {{gutenberg author|id=1486}}
• {{Internet Archive author |sname=Arthur Christopher Benson}}
• {{Librivox author |id=3131}}
• [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Search/Home?lookfor=%22Benson,%20Arthur%20Christopher,%201862-1925.%22&type=author&inst= Works by A.C. Benson], at Hathi Trust
• [http://essays.quotidiana.org/benson/ Essays by Arthur Benson] at [http://essays.quotidiana.org/ Quotidiana.org]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090515205832/http://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poet/374.html Representative Poetry Online]
• {{Find a Grave|5935485}}
• {{ISFDB name|name=A. C. Benson}}
• [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/printable/30712 Benson, Arthur Christopher (1862–1925)]
• {{LCAuth|n50008097|Arthur Christopher Benson|113|ue}}

{{s-start}}

{{s-aca}}

{{succession box

|title = Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge

|years = 1915–1925

|before = Stuart Alexander Donaldson

|after = Allen Beville Ramsay}}

{{s-end}}

{{Benson brothers}}

{{Masters of Magdalene College, Cambridge}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Benson, Arthur Christopher}}

Category:1862 births

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Category:19th-century English biographers

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