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AMD Phenom

{{for multi|other uses of the term Phenom|Phenom (disambiguation)|the second series of processors|Phenom II}}

{{short description|Series of CPUs by AMD}}

{{Infobox CPU

| name = AMD Phenom

| image = AMD Phenom Logo.png

| caption =

| produced-start = November 19, 2007

| produced-end =

| slowest = 1.8

| fastest = 2.6

| hypertransport-slowest = 1.6 | hypertransport-slow-unit = GHz

| hypertransport-fastest = 2.0 | hypertransport-fast-unit = GHz

| soldby = AMD

| designfirm = AMD

| manuf1 = GlobalFoundries

| size-from = 65 nm

| size-to =

| arch = MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, x86-64, 3DNow!

| microarch = K10

| sock1 = AM2+

| numcores = 2 – 4

| predecessor = Athlon 64 X2

| successor = Phenom II

}}

Phenom ({{IPAc-en|f|ᵻ|ˈ|n|ɒ|m}}) is the 64-bit AMD desktop processor line based on the K10 microarchitecture,{{cite web | url=http://dailytech.com/AMD+to+Drop+Athlon+Moniker+on+the+High+End/article7136.htm | title=AMD to Drop "Athlon" Moniker on the High End | publisher=DailyTech | date=May 2, 2007 | access-date=2007-05-02 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506021757/http://www.dailytech.com/AMD+to+Drop+Athlon+Moniker+on+the+High+End/article7136.htm | archive-date=2007-05-06 | url-status=dead }} in what AMD calls family 10h (10 hex, i.e. 16 in normal decimal numbers) processors, sometimes incorrectly called "K10h". Triple-core versions (codenamed Toliman) belong to the Phenom 8000 series and quad cores (codenamed Agena) to the AMD Phenom X4 9000 series. The first processor in the family was released in 2007.

Background

AMD considers the quad core Phenoms to be the first "true" quad core design, as these processors are a monolithic multi-core design (all cores on the same silicon die), unlike Intel's Core 2 Quad series which are a multi-chip module (MCM) design. The processors are on the Socket AM2+ platform.{{cite web | url=http://dailytech.com/More+Details+on+AMD+Stars+Chipsets/article7147.htm | title=More Details on AMD "Stars" Chipsets | publisher=DailyTech | date=May 3, 2007 | access-date=2007-05-03 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513051221/http://www.dailytech.com/More+Details+on+AMD+Stars+Chipsets/article7147.htm | archive-date=2007-05-13 | url-status=dead }}

Before Phenom's original release a flaw was discovered in the translation lookaside buffer (TLB) that could cause a system lock-up in rare circumstances; Phenom processors up to and including stepping "B2" and "BA" are affected by this bug. BIOS and software workarounds disable the TLB, and typically incur a performance penalty of at least 10%.{{cite web | title=Phenom TLB patch benchmarked: A look at how AMD's BIOS workaround impacts Phenom performance | publisher=techreport.com | date=December 6, 2007 | url=http://techreport.com/articles.x/13741/4 | access-date=2008-02-16| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080308004809/http://www.techreport.com/articles.x/13741/4| archive-date= 8 March 2008 | url-status= live}} This penalty was not accounted for in pre-release previews of Phenom, hence the performance of early Phenoms delivered to customers may have been less than the preview benchmarks. "B3" stepping Phenom processors were released March 27, 2008 without the TLB bug and with "xx50" model numbers.{{cite web | title=High Performance AMD Phenom X4 Processors Lead the Charge to HD Desktop Gaming and Video | publisher=AMD | date=March 27, 2008 | url=https://www.amd.com/us-en/Corporate/VirtualPressRoom/0,,51_104_543_15434~124395,00.html}}

An AMD subsidiary released a patch for the Linux kernel,{{cite web | title=AMD Family 10h revision B2 Erratum 298 and L2 Eviction Bug Workaround | publisher=AMD | date=December 5, 2007 | url=http://www.x86-64.org/pipermail/discuss/2007-December/010260.html | access-date=2007-12-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103073041/http://www.x86-64.org/pipermail/discuss/2007-December/010260.html | archive-date=3 January 2008 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all }} to overcome this bug by software emulation of accessed- and dirty-bits. This method causes less performance loss than previous workarounds. The program was said in December 2007 to have received "minimal functional testing."{{cite news |author=Cyril Kowaliski |date=2007-12-05 |title=Linux kernel patch reveals TLB bug's workings |publisher=The Tech Report |url=http://techreport.com/discussions.x/13742 }}{{cite news |author=Scott Wasson |date=2007-12-06 |title=Phenom TLB patch benchmarked |publisher=The Tech Report |url=http://techreport.com/articles.x/13741 }}

AMD launched several models of the Phenom processor in 2007 and 2008 and an upgraded Phenom II in late 2008.{{cite web | url=http://www.dailytech.com/Final+AMD+Stars+Models+Unveiled+/article7157.htm | title=Final AMD "Stars" Models Unveiled | publisher=DailyTech | date=May 4, 2007 | access-date=2007-05-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070509002948/http://www.dailytech.com/Final+AMD+Stars+Models+Unveiled+/article7157.htm | archive-date=2007-05-09 | url-status=dead }}{{cite web |title=AMD Expands Upcoming Processor Branding |publisher=DailyTech |date=June 4, 2007 |url=http://www.dailytech.com/amd+expands+upcoming+processor+branding/article7537.htm |access-date=2007-08-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823205734/http://www.dailytech.com/AMD%2BExpands%2BUpcoming%2BProcessor%2BBranding/article7537.htm |archive-date=2007-08-23 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news | url=http://blog.wired.com/gadgets/2007/06/how_to_decipher.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606085324/http://blog.wired.com/gadgets/2007/06/how_to_decipher.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=June 6, 2007 | title=How to decipher AMD's new CPU naming code | publisher=Gadget Lab | date=2007-06-04 }}{{cite web|title=Model Number and Feature Comparisons AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core and AMD Athlon X2 Dual-Core Processors |year=2007 |url=https://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_9485_13041%5E13076,00.html |access-date=2007-08-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070821152439/http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0%2C%2C30_118_9485_13041%5E13076%2C00.html |archive-date=21 August 2007 |url-status=live }}

class="wikitable" align="center"

!colspan="4"|AMD Phenom-based processor family

rowspan="2"|AMD K10

!colspan="3"|Desktop

Quad-core

!Triple-core

!Dual-core

style="background:white"

|

|File:AMD Phenom X4.png

|File:AMD Phenom X3.png

|

style="background:white"

!Code-named

|Agena

|Toliman

|Kuma

style="background:white"

!Core

|65 nm

|65 nm

|65 nm

style="background:white"

!Date released

|Nov 2007

|Mar 2008

|Sep 2008

colspan="4"|List of AMD Phenom processors

Features

{{empty section|date=March 2023}}

Model naming methodology

The model numbers of the Phenom line of processors were changed from the PR system used in its predecessors, the AMD Athlon 64 processor family. The Phenom model numbering scheme, for-later released Athlon X2 processors, is a four-digit model number whose first digit is a family indicator.{{cite web|url=http://www.vr-zone.com/articles/AMD_Revised_Desktop_Model_Number_Structure/5330.html |title=AMD Revised Desktop Model Number Structure |publisher=VR-Zone |date=October 9, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011194645/http://www.vr-zone.com/articles/AMD_Revised_Desktop_Model_Number_Structure/5330.html |archive-date=2007-10-11 }} Energy Efficient products end with an “e” suffix (for example, "Phenom 9350e"). Some Sempron processors use the prefix LE (for example, "Sempron LE-1200")

class="wikitable" width="40%" align="center"

!colspan="5"|Series number[http://www.vr-zone.com/articles/AMD_Revised_Desktop_Model_Number_Structure/5330.html VR-Zone report] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011194645/http://www.vr-zone.com/articles/AMD_Revised_Desktop_Model_Number_Structure/5330.html |date=October 11, 2007 }}. Retrieved October 9, 2007.

Processor series

!Family Indicator

align="center"|Phenom X4 quad-core (Agena)

|align="center"|X4 9xxx

align="center"|Phenom X3 triple-core (Toliman)

|align="center"|X3 8xxx

align="center"|Athlon dual-core (Kuma)

|align="center"|X2 7xxx /6xxx

align="center"|Athlon single-core (Lima)

|align="center"|1

align="center"|Sempron single-core (Sparta)

|align="center"|1

Cores

=Phenom X4=

==''Agena'' (65 nm SOI)==

File:AMD Phenom Agena HD9750WCJ4BGH ZS-retouched - Stack-DSC07145-DSC07175 (22250990024).jpg

=Phenom X3=

==''Toliman'' (65 nm SOI)==

File:AMD Phenom X3 8650 "Toliman".jpg

  • Three AMD K10 cores chip harvested from Agena with one core disabled{{Cite web|url=https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/19Ms49ip5PBB7nYnf5urxsySvH-Sdy6liE2EBDaB8b54|title = List of Unlockable AMD CPUs}}
  • L1 cache: 64 KB data and 64 KB instruction cache per core
  • L2 cache: 512 KB per core, full-speed
  • L3 cache: 2 MB shared between all cores
  • Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-1066 MHz with unganging option
  • MMX, Extended 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, AMD64, Cool'n'Quiet, NX bit, AMD-V
  • Socket AM2+, HyperTransport with 1600 to 1800 MHz
  • Power consumption (TDP): 65 and 95 Watt
  • First release
  • March 27, 2008 (B2 Stepping)
  • April 23, 2008 (B3 Stepping)
  • Clock rate: 2100 to 2500 MHz
  • Models: Phenom X3 8250e to 8850

See also

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

{{Commons category|AMD Phenom}}

  • [https://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_15331,00.html AMD Phenom Processor Family]

{{AMD processors}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Phenom}}

Category:Computer-related introductions in 2007

Category:AMD x86 microprocessors