AMY2A

{{Short description|Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens}}

{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

Pancreatic alpha-amylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY2A gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC, Arwert F, Mager WH, Planta RJ, Eriksson AW, Frants RR | title = Human pancreatic amylase is encoded by two different genes | journal = Nucleic Acids Res | volume = 16 | issue = 10 | pages = 4724 |date=Jul 1988 | pmid = 3260028 | pmc = 336663 | doi =10.1093/nar/16.10.4724 }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: AMY2A amylase, alpha 2A; pancreatic| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=279}}

Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the pancreas.

References

{{reflist}}

See also

Further reading

{{refbegin | 2}}

  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Kaczmarek MJ, Rosenmund H |title=The action of human pancreatic and salivary isoamylases on starch and glycogen |journal=Clin. Chim. Acta |volume=79 |issue= 1 |pages= 69–73 |year= 1977 |pmid= 890964 |doi=10.1016/0009-8981(77)90462-4 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Jacob M, Lainé J, LeBel D |title=Specific interactions of pancreatic amylase at acidic pH. Amylase and the major protein of the zymogen granule membrane (GP-2) bind to immobilized or polymerized amylase |journal=Biochem. Cell Biol. |volume=70 |issue= 10–11 |pages= 1105–14 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1284286 |doi=10.1139/o92-156 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Groot PC, Mager WH, Henriquez NV |title=Evolution of the human alpha-amylase multigene family through unequal, homologous, and inter- and intrachromosomal crossovers |journal=Genomics |volume=8 |issue= 1 |pages= 97–105 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2081604 |doi=10.1016/0888-7543(90)90230-R |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Nishide T, Nakamura Y, Emi M |title=Primary structure of human salivary alpha-amylase gene |journal=Gene |volume=41 |issue= 2–3 |pages= 299–304 |year= 1986 |pmid= 2423416 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(86)90110-1 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Horii A, Emi M, Tomita N |title=Primary structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary alpha-amylase gene |journal=Gene |volume=60 |issue= 1 |pages= 57–64 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2450054 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(87)90213-7 |hdl=11094/36665 |s2cid=85098215 |display-authors=etal|url=https://ir.library.osaka-u.ac.jp/repo/ouka/all/36665/08475_%E8%AB%96%E6%96%87.pdf |hdl-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Gumucio DL, Wiebauer K, Caldwell RM |title=Concerted evolution of human amylase genes |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=8 |issue= 3 |pages= 1197–205 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2452973 |doi= 10.1128/mcb.8.3.1197| pmc=363264 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Samuelson LC, Wiebauer K, Gumucio DL, Meisler MH |title=Expression of the human amylase genes: recent origin of a salivary amylase promoter from an actin pseudogene |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=16 |issue= 17 |pages= 8261–76 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2458567 |doi=10.1093/nar/16.17.8261 | pmc=338557 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC |title=The human alpha-amylase multigene family consists of haplotypes with variable numbers of genes |journal=Genomics |volume=5 |issue= 1 |pages= 29–42 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2788608 |doi=10.1016/0888-7543(89)90083-9 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Wise RJ, Karn RC, Larsen SH |title=A complementary DNA sequence that predicts a human pancreatic amylase primary structure consistent with the electrophoretic mobility of the common isozyme, Amy2 A |journal=Mol. Biol. Med. |volume=2 |issue= 5 |pages= 307–22 |year= 1986 |pmid= 6336237 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Tricoli JV, Shows TB |title=Regional assignment of human amylase (AMY) to p22----p21 of chromosome 1 |journal=Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. |volume=10 |issue= 2 |pages= 205–10 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6608795 |doi=10.1007/BF01534909 |s2cid=21230969 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Nishide T, Emi M, Nakamura Y, Matsubara K |title=Corrected sequences of cDNAs for human salivary and pancreatic alpha-amylases [corrected] |journal=Gene |volume=28 |issue= 2 |pages= 263–70 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6610603 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(84)90265-8 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Qian M, Haser R, Buisson G |title=The active center of a mammalian alpha-amylase. Structure of the complex of a pancreatic alpha-amylase with a carbohydrate inhibitor refined to 2.2-A resolution |journal=Biochemistry |volume=33 |issue= 20 |pages= 6284–94 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8193143 |doi=10.1021/bi00186a031 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Brayer GD, Luo Y, Withers SG |title=The structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase at 1.8 A resolution and comparisons with related enzymes |journal=Protein Sci. |volume=4 |issue= 9 |pages= 1730–42 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8528071 |doi=10.1002/pro.5560040908 | pmc=2143216 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 149–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Rydberg EH, Sidhu G, Vo HC |title=Cloning, mutagenesis, and structural analysis of human pancreatic alpha-amylase expressed in Pichia pastoris |journal=Protein Sci. |volume=8 |issue= 3 |pages= 635–43 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10091666 |doi=10.1110/ps.8.3.635 | pmc=2144294 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Brayer GD, Sidhu G, Maurus R |title=Subsite mapping of the human pancreatic alpha-amylase active site through structural, kinetic, and mutagenesis techniques |journal=Biochemistry |volume=39 |issue= 16 |pages= 4778–91 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10769135 |doi=10.1021/bi9921182 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | author=Aughsteen AA |title=A comparative immunohistochemical study on amylase localization in the rat and human exocrine pancreas |journal=Saudi Medical Journal |volume=22 |issue= 5 |pages= 410–5 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11376382 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Numao S, Maurus R, Sidhu G |title=Probing the role of the chloride ion in the mechanism of human pancreatic alpha-amylase |journal=Biochemistry |volume=41 |issue= 1 |pages= 215–25 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11772019 |doi=10.1021/bi0115636 |display-authors=etal}}

{{refend}}

{{PDB Gallery|geneid=279}}

{{enzyme-stub}}