AQA

{{short description|British examination board and registered charity}}

{{Infobox organisation

| name = AQA

| full_name = AQA Education

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| logo = AQA logo.svg

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| Assessment & Qualifications Alliance (1998–1998)

| Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (1998–2012)

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| formation = 7 November 1997 (alliance)
1 April 2000 (merger)

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| merger = NEAB and AEB/SEG

| type = Examination board

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| headquarters = Devas Street
Manchester
M15 6EX

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| leader_title = CEO

| leader_name = Colin Hughes

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AQA Education,{{Cite web |date=1998-09-30 |title=AQA EDUCATION overview – Find and update company information – GOV.UK |url=https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/03644723 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Companies House}} trading as AQA (formerly the Assessment and Qualifications Alliance), is an awarding body in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It compiles specifications and holds examinations in various subjects at GCSE, AS and A Level and offers vocational qualifications. AQA is a registered charity and independent of the government. However, its qualifications and exam syllabi are regulated by the Government of the United Kingdom, which is the regulator for the public examinations system in England and Wales.

AQA is one of five awarding bodies which are recognised by schools across the country. AQA is also recognised by the regulators of the public exams systems for England, Wales and Northern Ireland to offer GCSE, AS and A Levels in the United Kingdom. AQA also offers the AQA Baccalaureate, a qualification also intended for students in Year 12 and 13 and which includes the study of three A-Levels, an extended project and extra-curricular enrichment activities.{{cite web|url=http://www.aqa.org.uk/qual/bacc.php |title=AQA – Overview of the AQA Baccalaureate |publisher=Aqa.org.uk |access-date=2011-12-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607071940/http://www.aqa.org.uk/qual/bacc.php |archive-date=7 June 2009 }} AQA is the largest examination board for GCSEs and GCE A Levels in England.{{Cite web |url=https://www.talentqgroup.com/resource-library/assessing-candidates-on-future-potential/ |title=Assessing candidates on future potential {{!}} Resource library {{!}} Talent Q |access-date=13 November 2014 |archive-date=22 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141122065519/https://www.talentqgroup.com/resource-library/assessing-candidates-on-future-potential/ |url-status=live }}

File:AQA office, Guildford.jpg

The organisation has several regional offices, the largest being in Milton Keynes, Guildford and Manchester.{{Cite web |url=http://www.aqa.org.uk/help-and-contacts/contact-us/our-offices |title=AQA {{!}} Contact us {{!}} Contact us {{!}} Our offices |access-date=13 November 2014 |archive-date=10 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141110222636/http://www.aqa.org.uk/help-and-contacts/contact-us/our-offices |url-status=live }}

History

AQA was originally formed on 7 November 1997 as an alliance of NEAB and AEB/SEG exam boards and City & Guilds vocational awarding body.{{cite book |last1=Tattersall |first1=Kathleen |author-link1=Kathleen Tattersall |title=Setting the Standard: A Century of Public Examining by AQA and Its Parent Boards |date=2003 |publisher=AQA |location=Manchester |isbn=0954470508 |page=22 |chapter=Ringing the Changes: Educational and Assessment Policies, 1900 to the Present}}{{cite web |title=Assessment and Qualifications Alliance |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095429622 |website=Oxford Reference |publisher=OUP |access-date=4 May 2020|archive-date=17 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617201548/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095429622 |url-status=live }} NEAB and AEB/SEG formally merged on 1 April 2000.{{cite web |last1=AQA |title=Our Heritage |url=https://www.aqa.org.uk/about-us/who-we-are/our-heritage |website=AQA |access-date=4 May 2020 |archive-date=29 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929003553/https://www.aqa.org.uk/about-us/who-we-are/our-heritage |url-status=live }} City & Guilds chose to remain independent of the new organisation, but transferred its GNVQ provision to AQA.

AQA holds the candidate records and awards for the following historic exam boards:

Associated Examining Board (AEB)
Associated Lancashire Schools Examinations Board (ALSEB)
Joint Matriculation Board (JMB)
Northern Examining Association (NEA)
Northern Examinations and Assessment Board (NEAB)
North Regional Examinations Board (NREB)
North West Regional Examinations Board (NWREB)
North West Secondary Schools Examinations Board (NWSSEB)
Southern Examining Group (SEG)
South Eastern Regional Examinations (SEREB)
University of Bristol School Examinations Council (UBSEC)
South West Regional Examinations Board (SWREB)
Yorkshire and Humberside Regional Examinations Board (YHREB)
Yorkshire Regional Examinations Board (YREB)
The West Yorkshire and Lindsey Regional Examinations Board (TWYLREB)

Examination reform

The Conservative Party under Prime Minister David Cameron initiated reforms for A Levels to change from a modular structure to a linear one.[http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140430095946/http://www.education.gov.uk/nctl/examsadmin/news/archive/a00217355/alevels [ARCHIVED CONTENT] Changes to A levels – The Department for Education] British examination boards (Edexcel, AQA, OCR and WJEC) regulated and accredited by the Government of the United Kingdom responded to the government's reform announcements by modifying syllabi of several A Level subjects.{{Cite web |url=http://www.edexcel.com/quals/gce/gce15/Pages/default.aspx |title=Edexcel A levels {{!}} Pearson qualifications |access-date=8 November 2014 |archive-date=27 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027030956/http://www.edexcel.com/quals/gce/gce15/Pages/default.aspx |url-status=live }} However, the Labour Party and in particular the member of parliament Tristram Hunt announced that it would seek to halt and reverse the reforms and maintain the modular A-Level system.{{Cite web |url=http://www.teachingtimes.com/news/a-level-reforms.htm |title=Labour pledges to halt A-Level reforms |access-date=8 November 2014 |archive-date=28 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028142344/http://www.teachingtimes.com/news/a-level-reforms.htm |url-status=live }} Labour's policy, and the modular AS- and A-Level system, are supported and promoted by the University of Cambridge and by the University of Oxford.{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/education-29914310 |title=Cambridge urges schools to enter students for AS-levels – BBC News |access-date=21 June 2018 |archive-date=5 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005120338/https://www.bbc.com/news/education-29914310 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/education-24533511 |title=Oxford raises concerns over A-level exam reform – BBC News |access-date=21 June 2018 |archive-date=5 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005112242/https://www.bbc.com/news/education-24533511 |url-status=live }}

The organisation announced that it will begin offering courses for which all assessment is carried out through examinations at the end of the course. This is commonly referred to as a linear course. Beforehand, they offered modular courses in England with several exams.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11419483 |title=BBC News – AQA exam board to bring in exam-only GCSEs in England |publisher=BBC |date=2010-09-27 |access-date=2011-12-08 |archive-date=21 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121104653/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11419483 |url-status=live }}

Controversies

During the summer 2022 exam series, AQA came under heavy criticism after several of its exam papers contained topics not included in the subject specific 'advance information'. Following an announcement from the exams regulator Ofqual in December 2021, exam boards were required to produce advance information, covering the 'focus' of exams, to alleviate the disruption experienced by pupils during the COVID-19 pandemic.{{Cite web |title=Letter to schools: Advance information |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/letter-to-schools-on-advance-information-2022/letter-to-schools-advance-information |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=GOV.UK |archive-date=18 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618153032/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/letter-to-schools-on-advance-information-2022/letter-to-schools-advance-information |url-status=live }}

In June 2022, GCSE Physics Higher Paper One contained a question on energy transfers and circuits. Advance Information had listed "series and parallel circuits" as a topic "not assessed" in the paper. Following the error, AQA announced that full marks would be awarded for the offending question. In addition, AQA announced that it would be performing "extra checks on the advance information and question papers for future exams".{{cite web |last1=AQA |date=9 June 2022 |title=An update on GCSE Physics Higher Tier Paper 1 |url=https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/an-update-on-gcse-physics-higher-tier-paper-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610135215/https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/an-update-on-gcse-physics-higher-tier-paper-1 |archive-date=10 June 2022 |access-date=10 June 2022 |website=AQA}}

In relation to the June 2022 A Level Physics Paper Two, claims were made that advance information provided to pupils misleadingly stated that questions relating to Electric Fields and Capacitance would only be present synoptically and in low tariff questions; these topics made up the third question of the paper, worth 12 marks, and came up 8 times in the multiple choice section, in total these topics made up 23.5% of the 85 mark paper. The perceived error lead to significant backlash on social media.{{Cite web |date=June 2022 |title=AQA Twitter page, where the backlash is viewable |url=https://twitter.com/aqa |access-date=2022-06-14 |via=Twitter|archive-date=9 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220609160814/https://twitter.com/AQA |url-status=live }} AQA responded by defending the paper, stating that the two topics were separate and therefore "neither carried enough marks to be included in the advance information list".{{cite web |title=An update on A-level Physics Paper 2 |url=https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/an-update-on-a-level-physics-paper-2 |website=aqa.org.uk |publisher=AQA |access-date=17 June 2022 |date=16 June 2022 |archive-date=17 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617201542/https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/an-update-on-a-level-physics-paper-2 |url-status=live }}

On 17 June 2022, AQA apologised after A-level Law Paper Two contained a 30 mark question on Rylands v Fletcher and Private nuisance, accounting for 30% of the 100 mark paper, which had not been included in the advance information. In response, AQA stated that it would "look at how students performed" after the paper had been marked and that it would "take any action necessary to protect [pupils]."

On 17 June 2022, exams regulator Ofqual criticised AQA and other exam boards for the 'distress' which mistakes on the advance information had caused pupils.{{Cite news |date=2022-06-17 |title=GCSE and A-levels: Mistakes in AQA papers caused 'pupil distress', Ofqual says|publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/education-61844041 |access-date=2022-06-17 |archive-date=17 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617201542/https://www.bbc.com/news/education-61844041 |url-status=live }}

Shortly following the AQA A-Level Chemistry paper 2 (sat on the morning of 20 June 2022) photographs surfaced on social media, namely Twitter, showing the paper had been leaked potentially up to seven days before it took place. Throughout the day that followed, AQA were reluctant to comment on the matter. This revelation was met with frustration and disbelief from students, teachers, and parents.{{Cite news |date=2022-06-20 |title=AQA responds to claims A Level paper was leaked weeks before exam |work=ECHO |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/aqa-responds-claims-level-paper-24276538 |access-date=2022-06-20 |archive-date=20 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620201839/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/aqa-responds-claims-level-paper-24276538 |url-status=live }}

In 2024, it was reported that the AQA's Chinese-language GCSE textbook removed all references to the Taiwan under pressure from the Embassy of China, London.{{Cite news |last=Wood |first=Poppy |date=2024-08-31 |title=British GCSE textbooks remove Taiwan references after CCP complaints |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/08/31/british-gcse-textbooks-remove-taiwan-references-china/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |work=The Daily Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=1 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240901194949/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/08/31/british-gcse-textbooks-remove-taiwan-references-china/ |url-status=live }}

Chief executives

The Chief Executive of AQA runs the organisation on a day-to-day basis, while being accountable to the AQA Council. The role was known as the Director General from its introduction in April 1998 until July 2010.{{cite web |last1=AQA |title=Director General and Deputy Director General Change of Title |url=https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/director-general-and-deputy-director-general-change-of-title |website=AQA |access-date=4 May 2020 |date=16 July 2010 |archive-date=23 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023065608/https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/director-general-and-deputy-director-general-change-of-title |url-status=live }}

Kathleen Tattersall OBE, 1 April 1998 – 30 September 2003{{cite web |last1=AQA |title=Kathleen Tattersall |url=https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/kathleen-tattersall |website=AQA |access-date=4 May 2020 |date=28 January 2013 |archive-date=16 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816135206/https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/kathleen-tattersall |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last1=Tattersall |first1=Kathleen |title=A National Obsession |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2003/sep/30/schools.uk1 |access-date=4 May 2020 |work=The Guardian|location=London |date=30 September 2003 |archive-date=12 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912015751/http://www.theguardian.com/education/2003/sep/30/schools.uk1 |url-status=live }}
Mike Cresswell CBE, 1 October 2003 – 31 March 2010{{cite book |last1=Children, Schools and Families Committee |title=Testing and Assessment: Oral and Written Evidence v. 2: Third Report of Session 2007-08 |date=2008 |publisher=TSO |location=London |isbn=9780215515117 |page=109 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wSk_xy4_dEoC&pg=PA109 |access-date=4 May 2020}}{{cite news |last1=Garner |first1=Richard |title=Head of Curriculum Quango Quits with Warning |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/head-of-curriculum-quango-quits-with-warning-1916219.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100311013225/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/head-of-curriculum-quango-quits-with-warning-1916219.html |archive-date=2010-03-11 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |access-date=4 May 2020 |work=The Independent |date=4 March 2010}}
Andrew Hall, 4 June 2010 – 31 August 2017{{cite web |title=New Director General – Andrew Hall – Starts at AQA |url=https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/new-director-general-andrew-hall-starts-at-aqa |website=AQA |access-date=4 May 2020|date=4 June 2010 |archive-date=30 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030185232/https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/new-director-general-andrew-hall-starts-at-aqa |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |last1=Dickens |first1=John |title=Ormiston chief Toby Salt takes top role at exam board AQA |url=https://schoolsweek.co.uk/ormiston-chief-toby-salt-takes-top-role-at-exam-board-aqa/ |access-date=4 May 2020 |work=Schools Week |date=17 January 2017 |archive-date=9 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809055052/https://schoolsweek.co.uk/ormiston-chief-toby-salt-takes-top-role-at-exam-board-aqa/ |url-status=live }}
Toby Salt, 1 September 2017 – 8 September 2019{{cite news |last1=Whittaker |first1=Freddie |title=AQA chief executive Toby Salt steps down |url=https://schoolsweek.co.uk/aqa-chief-executive-toby-salt-steps-down/ |access-date=4 May 2020 |work=Schools Week |date=9 September 2019 |archive-date=18 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918072205/https://schoolsweek.co.uk/aqa-chief-executive-toby-salt-steps-down/ |url-status=live }}
Mark Bedlow, 9 September 2019 – 31 August 2020 (interim chief executive){{cite web |title=Colin Hughes to Become AQA's Chief Executive |url=https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/colin-hughes-to-become-aqas-chief-executive |website=AQA |access-date=4 May 2020 |date=19 February 2020 |archive-date=27 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727165029/https://www.aqa.org.uk/news/colin-hughes-to-become-aqas-chief-executive |url-status=live }}
Colin Hughes, 1 September 2020–

References

External links

{{Official website}}

Category:Examination boards in the United Kingdom

AQA