ATPase Domain 3B
{{Orphan|date=July 2020}}
{{too technical|date=May 2020}}
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| header2 = ATAD3B
| label3 = Alliases
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TOB3, AAA-TOB3, KIAA 1273
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NCBI: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/AAH02542 AAH02542.1]
| header5 = Gene Location (Human)
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ATPase Domain 3B (ATAD3B) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATAD3B gene. {{citation needed|date=June 2020}} ATAD3 is part of the AAA protein family. The function of ATAD3B is not yet well understood by the scientific community. In humans the gene is located at 1p36.33.
Function
File:Human embryonic stem cell colony phase.jpg
ATAD3B is associated with the mitochondria. The C terminus is anchored in the mitochondrial inter membrane space.{{Cite journal|last1=Merle|first1=Nicolas|last2=Féraud|first2=Olivier|last3=Gilquin|first3=Benoit|last4=Hubstenberger|first4=Arnaud|last5=Kieffer-Jacquinot|first5=Sylvie|last6=Assard|first6=Nicole|last7=Bennaceur-Griscelli|first7=Annelise|last8=Honnorat|first8=Jérôme|last9=Baudier|first9=Jacques|date=2012-07-01|title=ATAD3B is a human embryonic stem cell specific mitochondrial protein, re-expressed in cancer cells, that functions as dominant negative for the ubiquitous ATAD3A|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567724912000694|journal=Mitochondrion|language=en|volume=12|issue=4|pages=441–448|doi=10.1016/j.mito.2012.05.005|pmid=22664726|issn=1567-7249|url-access=subscription}}
The protein is linked with the pluripotency of stem cells. The ATAD3A gene is targeted by c-Myc which is one of four factors needed to create induced pluripotent stem (i-PS) cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEFs).{{Cite journal|last1=Takahashi|first1=Kazutoshi|last2=Yamanaka|first2=Shinya|date=2006-08-25|title=Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Embryonic and Adult Fibroblast Cultures by Defined Factors|journal=Cell|language=English|volume=126|issue=4|pages=663–676|doi=10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.024|issn=0092-8674|pmid=16904174|s2cid=1565219|doi-access=free|hdl=2433/159777|hdl-access=free}}
Its expression is linked to cell cycle function and tumor growth.{{Cite journal|last1=Hubstenberger|first1=Arnaud|last2=Labourdette|first2=Gérard|last3=Baudier|first3=Jacques|last4=Rousseau|first4=Denis|date=2008-09-10|title=ATAD 3A and ATAD 3B are distal 1p-located genes differentially expressed in human glioma cell lines and present in vitro anti-oncogenic and chemoresistant properties|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014482708002498|journal=Experimental Cell Research|language=en|volume=314|issue=15|pages=2870–2883|doi=10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.06.017|pmid=18639545|issn=0014-4827|url-access=subscription}} When ATAD3B was overexpressed, cell duplication took an extra three hours by spending a longer time in G1 phase. Abnormal expression levels of ATAD3B has been linked to chemoresistance. Overexpression of ATAD3B was the found to be the strongest factor in breast cancer survival rates.{{Cite journal|last1=Ovaska|first1=Kristian|last2=Matarese|first2=Filomena|last3=Grote|first3=Korbinian|last4=Charapitsa|first4=Iryna|last5=Cervera|first5=Alejandra|last6=Liu|first6=Chengyu|last7=Reid|first7=George|last8=Seifert|first8=Martin|last9=Stunnenberg|first9=Hendrik G.|last10=Hautaniemi|first10=Sampsa|date=2013-06-20|editor-last=Tucker-Kellogg|editor-first=Greg|title=Integrative Analysis of Deep Sequencing Data Identifies Estrogen Receptor Early Response Genes and Links ATAD3B to Poor Survival in Breast Cancer|journal=PLOS Computational Biology|language=en|volume=9|issue=6|pages=e1003100|doi=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003100|issn=1553-7358|pmc=3688481|pmid=23818839|bibcode=2013PLSCB...9E3100O |doi-access=free }}
Characteristics
A mutation in the stop codon means that ATAD3B has a 62 amino acid longer UTR.{{Cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Shuijie|last2=Rousseau|first2=Denis|date=2012|title=ATAD3, a vital membrane bound mitochondrial ATPase involved in tumor progression|journal=Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes|language=en|volume=44|issue=1|pages=189–197|doi=10.1007/s10863-012-9424-5|pmid=22318359|s2cid=11106754|issn=0145-479X}}