Aaron Avshalomov

{{Infobox person

| name = Aaron Avshalomov

| image = File:Aaron Avshalomov.jpg

| alt =

| caption =

| birth_name = Ааро́н Авшало́мов

| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1894|11|11}}

| birth_place = Nikolayevsk-on-Amur, Primorskaya Oblast, Russian Empire

| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1965|04|16|1894|11|11}}

| death_place = New York City, United States

| nationality =

| other_names =

| occupation = composer

| years_active =

| known_for = *Conducted the Shanghai Municipal Orchestra

Wrote the Opera Kuan Yin

| notable_works =

}}

Aaron Avshalomov ({{langx|ru|Ааро́н Авшало́мов}};{{cite web|url=http://www.lundstrem-jazz.ru/press/evr/007.jpg|title=Newspaper article on A. Avshalumov|access-date=2010-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716154037/http://www.lundstrem-jazz.ru/press/evr/007.jpg|archive-date=2011-07-16|url-status=dead}} 11 November 1894 – 16 April 1965) was a Russian-born Jewish composer. His work included several ballets, two operas, a violin concerto, four symphonies and a flute concerto.{{Cite web|title=Aaron Avshalomov/Jacob Avshalomov|url=https://www.newworldrecords.org/products/aaron-avshalomov-jacob-avshalomov|access-date=2021-04-06|website=newworld-records}}{{Cite web|title=archives.nypl.org -- Aaron Avshalomov scores|url=http://archives.nypl.org/mus/19972|access-date=2021-04-06|website=archives.nypl.org}}

Early life

Born into a Mountain Jewish family in Nikolayevsk-on-Amur, Russia, Avshalomov was sent for medical studies to Zürich.{{cite web|title=Aaron Avshalomov|date=January 1984 |url=http://composers.com/aaron-avshalomov|publisher=American Composers Alliance|accessdate=9 August 2011}} After the October Revolution in 1917, which made further studies in Europe impossible, his family sent him to the United States.

Career

Less than a year later, he chose to move to China, where he entered the world of Shanghai's academia and, together with other Jewish musicians, who had fled the Russian pogroms and revolution, trained a number of young Chinese musicians in classical music, who in turn became leading musicians in contemporary China.[https://books.google.com/books?id=7QEjPVyd9YMC&pg=PA156 Encyclopedia of Diasporas. Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World. Vol. I, Jewish Diaspora in China by Xu Xin, pp.155-158, Ember, Melvin; Ember, Carol R.; Skoggard, Ian (Eds.), Springer 2004] {{ISBN|0-306-48321-1}}{{Cite journal|last=Winzenburg|first=John|date=2012-01-01|title=Aaron Avshalomov and new Chinese music in Shanghai, 1931–1947|url=https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/hkbu_staff_publication/2326|journal=Twentieth-Century China|volume=37|issue=1|pages=50–72|doi=10.1179/194050611X13188386908332|s2cid=143867448 }} Between 1918 and 1947, he worked to create a synthesis of Chinese musical elements and Western techniques of orchestral composition.{{cite web|url=http://www.naxos.com/person/Aaron_Avshalomov/17644.htm|title=Aaron Avshalomov}} Among the first works of this type that he created was the opera Kuan Yin, which premiered in Peking in 1925.{{Cite web|title=Aaron Avshalomov|url=https://composers.com/composers/aaron-avshalomov|access-date=2021-04-06|website=American Composers Alliance|date=January 1984 |language=en}} In the spring of 1935, at the invitation of He Luting, he orchestrated the newly composed March of the Volunteers by Nie Er for the film Children of Troubled Times (1935), making him the first to orchestrate what would become the national anthem of the People's Republic of China.

Avshalomov made his main livelihood at bookstores and libraries. He was the head librarian of the Public Library, Shanghai Municipal Council for 15 years from 1928 until 1943 when the Municipal Council was dissolved. He conducted the Shanghai Municipal Orchestra from 1943 to 1946.{{Cite web|date=August 2016|title=Aaron Avshalomov scores|url=https://www.lib.umd.edu/binaries/content/assets/public/scpa/aaron-avshalomov-finding-aid.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=University of Maryland Libraries|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170811114431/https://lib.umd.edu/binaries/content/assets/public/scpa/aaron-avshalomov-finding-aid.pdf |archive-date = 2017-08-11 }}

In 1947, he moved to the United States, where he already had spent three years in the mid-1920s.

= Compositions =

Kuan Yin (opera named after Guanyin, the bodhisattva of compassion; premiered in Peking in 1925)
The Twilight Hour of Yan Kuei Fei (opera, 1933), presumably after the 1923 eponymous book by A. E. Grantham.
The Great Wall (opera, 1933–41), based on the legend of Lady Meng Jiang.
Piano Concerto in G on Chinese Themes and Rhythms (1935){{cite web|title=Playlist for 08/09/2011|url=http://www.king.org/pages/4399266.php?npDate=0628|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605112724/http://www.king.org/pages/4399266.php?npDate=0628|archivedate=June 5, 2011|publisher=Classical KING FM}}
Flute Concerto
Violin Concerto
Symphony No. 1
Symphony No. 2 (1949, commissioned by Serge Koussevitzky, premiered by the Cincinnati Sym, conducted by Thor Johnson)
Symphony No. 3 (1953, "To the Memory of Serge and Natalie Koussevitzky")
Dream of Wei Lin (1949)
Soul of the Ch'in
Hutongs of Peking
Four Biblical Tableaux (Queen Esther's Prayer, Rebecca by the Well, Ruth and Naomi, Processional)

Family

While living in San Francisco, he married a fellow Russian émigré in San Francisco. In 1919, his son, Jacob Avshalomov was born, who became a composer and conductor, too.{{Cite web|title=Composer of Note (and Notes)|url=http://www.reed.edu/reed_magazine/september2013/articles/features/avshalmov.html|access-date=2021-04-06|website=Reed Magazine}}