Abadan Refinery
{{Short description|Oil refinery in Abadan, Iran}}
{{Infobox oil refinery
| name = Abadan Refinery
| image = Abadan Catalitic facilities.jpg
| image alt =
| caption = Abadan Refinery, 1970
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| country = Iran
| province =
| city = Abadan
| operator =
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| founded = {{Start date|1912}}
| closure =
| capacity =
| capacity bbl/d = 429000
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The Abadan refinery ({{langx|fa|پالایشگاه آبادان}} Pālāyeshgāh-e Ābādān) is an oil refinery in Abadan, Iran near the coast of the Persian Gulf.
History
Built by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (later BP) on the basis of a lease obtained in 1909,{{cite encyclopedia |year=1929 |title=Abadan |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica |edition=14|volume=1|page=7 |language=en}} it was completed in 1912 as a pipeline terminus, and was one of the world's largest oil refineries. In 1927, oil exports from Abadan totalled nearly 4.5 million tons.
Its nationalisation in 1951 prompted the Abadan Crisis and ultimately the toppling of the democratically elected{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/iran00burk_0 |title=Iran |last=Kamin |first=Mohammadi |last2=Elliott |first2=Mark|date=2004-01-01|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=1740594258|oclc=56651387|url-access=registration}} prime minister Mossaddegh.{{cite web | title=Book review: All the Shah's Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror, by Stephen Kinzer|first=David S.|last= Robarge|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency| date=14 April 2007 | url=https://www.cia.gov/static/all-the-shahs-men.pdf| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613114131/https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol48no2/article10.html | archive-date=13 June 2007 | url-status=live}}
The refinery was largely destroyed in September 1980 by Iraq during the initial stages of the Iraqi invasion of Iran's Khuzestan province, triggering the Iran–Iraq War.{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}} It had a capacity of 635,000 b/d in 1980 and formed a refinery complex with important petrochemical plants. Its capacity started to bounce back after the war ended in 1988, and was listed in 2013 as {{convert|429000|oilbbl/d}} of crude oil.{{cite web | publisher=Abadan Oil Refining company |title=Home page| date=2013| url=http://www.abadan-ref.ir/en | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809094806/http://www.abadan-ref.ir/en | archive-date=9 August 2014 | url-status=dead}} {{Failed verification|date=August 2023}}
In December 2017, Sinopec signed a US$1 billion deal to expand the Abadan refinery.{{cite news|title=Sinopec Signs $1b Abadan Refinery Expansion Deal |url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/energy/78896/sinopec-signs-1b-abadan-refinery-expansion-deal |newspaper=Financial Tribune |date=29 December 2017|accessdate=7 January 2018}} Work on the second phase of the project was suspended in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.{{Cite news|title=Abadan Refinery upgrading project halted temporarily due to coronavirus|date=13 March 2020 |newspaper=Tehran Times |url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/446056/Abadan-Refinery-upgrading-project-halted-temporarily-due-to-coronavirus}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- J. W. Williamson, In a Persian Oil Field: A Study in Scientific and Industrial Development (E. Benn, 1927; 2nd edition 1930)
External links
{{commonscatinline}}
- {{Cite web |title=Oil for the Twentieth Century reels 1 & 2 (1951) |date=13 April 2014 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKdVwE2fSSE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/EKdVwE2fSSE |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|website=British Pathé YouTube Channel |publisher=British Pathé}}{{cbignore}}
- {{Cite web |title=Oil for the Twentieth Century reels 3 & 4 (1951) |date=13 April 2014 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bEJYVye4Hog |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/bEJYVye4Hog |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|website=British Pathé YouTube Channel |publisher=British Pathé}}{{cbignore}}
- {{Cite web |title=Oilmen Back From Abadan (1951) |date=13 April 2014 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5L3tBB18Ip8 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/5L3tBB18Ip8 |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|website=British Pathé YouTube Channel |publisher=British Pathé}}{{cbignore}}
- [http://www.photius.com/countries/iran/economy/iran_economy_refining_and_transpo~270.html Facts about the Iran refinery industry]
{{coord|30|20|45.57|N|48|16|29.3|E|region:IR|display=title}}
Category:Oil refineries in Iran
Category:1912 establishments in Iran
Category:Anglo-Persian Oil Company
Category:Buildings and structures in Khuzestan province
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