Abdallah of Morocco
{{Short description|Sultan of Morocco six times from 1729 to 1757}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Moulay Abdallah
| image = Mouley Abdallah.png
| caption = Frontispiece illustrating Sultan Moulay Abdallah from Thomas Pellow's slave narrative (1890)
| succession = Sultan of Morocco
| reign = 1729–1734
| predecessor = Abu'l Abbas Ahmad II
| successor = Ali
| birth_date = 1694
| birth_place = Meknes, Morocco
| death_date = 10 November 1757
| death_place = Dar Dbibegh, Morocco
| issue = Moulay Ahmed{{Cite book|last=trans. from Arabic by Eugène Fumet|first=Ahmed ben Khâled Ennâsiri|title=Kitâb Elistiqsâ li-Akhbâri doual Elmâgrib Elaqsâ [" Le livre de la recherche approfondie des événements des dynasties de l'extrême Magrib "], vol. IX : Chronique de la dynastie alaouie au Maroc|date=|publisher=Ernest Leroux|pages=265|language=fr}}
Sidi Mohammed III
| full name = Moulay Abdallah bin arbia bin Ismail as-Thamin
| house = Alaouite dynasty
| father = Ismail Ibn Sharif
| mother = Khanatha bint Bakkar
| date of burial =
| place of burial = Moulay Abdallah Mosque
Fes Jdid, Morocco
| signature =
| reign2 = 1736–1736, 1740–1741, 1741–1742, 1743–1747, 1748–1757
| predecessor2 = Abdalmalik
| successor2 = Sidi Mohammed III
}}
Moulay Abdallah (1694 – 10 November 1757) ({{langx|ar| مولاي عبدالله بن إسماعيل }}) was the Sultan of Morocco six times between 1729 and 1757. He ascended the throne in the years 1729–1734, 1736, 1740–1741, 1741–1742, 1743–1747 and 1748–1757.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b0uvAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT229|title=Queenship in the Mediterranean: Negotiating the Role of the Queen in the Medieval and Early Modern Eras|last=Woodacre|first=E.|date=2013-12-18|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781137362834|pages=229|language=en}} He was a son of Sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif.
Life
He was born in 1694 to Sultan Moulay Ismail and one of his wives Lalla Khanatha bint Bakkar. He ascended the throne numerous times, fighting his half-brothers. He was first proclaimed sultan after the death of his half-brother Sultan Moulay Ahmad on 5 March 1729.{{Cite book |last=trans. from Arabic by Eugène Fumet |first=Ahmed ben Khâled Ennâsiri |url=http://bnm.bnrm.ma:86/ClientBin/images/book704908/doc.pdf |title=Kitâb Elistiqsâ li-Akhbâri doual Elmâgrib Elaqsâ [" Le livre de la recherche approfondie des événements des dynasties de l'extrême Magrib "], vol. IX : Chronique de la dynastie alaouie au Maroc |date= |publisher=Ernest Leroux |pages=172–173 |language=fr |access-date=2022-10-02 |archive-date=2021-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004001249/http://bnm.bnrm.ma:86/ClientBin/images/book704908/doc.pdf |url-status=dead }} The Abids, the Udayas, all the caids gathered and agreed to proclaim him the new sultan of Morocco. They sent a troop of horsemen to fetch for him in Sijilmasa where he resided. At the same time, they wrote to the Ulemas of Fez inviting them to pledge the Bay'ah to Moulay Abdallah, which they agreed to.
Moulay Abdallah favorable of his proclamation traveled to Fez for his Bay'ah which was planned to take place at the Zawiya of Moulay Idris II in Fes el Bali. With his court and escort Moulay Abdallah made grand entrance from the Bab Ftouh gate, but a man of his escort Hamdoun Errousi - whom the Fassi recognized and were chasing after for killing one of theirs - slandered the entire population of Fez before him, and having heard that Moulay Abdallah immediately doubled back to Fes Jdid leaving everyone confused. His Bay'ah thus took place in Fes Jdid and was led by fiqh Abul'Ula Idris ben Elmehdi Elmechchat Elmouâfi.
Moulay Abdallah was first deposed in 1734 by the Abid Al-Bukhari who secretly were plotting his deposition and assassination.{{note|a}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bEzTK9T3zVEC&pg=PA377|title=vol. IX : Chronique de la dynastie alaouie au Maroc|last=Eugène Fumet|first=Ahmed ben Khâled Ennâsiri Esslâoui.|date=1906|publisher=Ernest Leroux|pages=188|language=fr}} Upon hearing of their plan he managed to save his life by taking flight South of his Meknes Royal Palace to reach safety in Oued Noun, the seat of his maternal family. He took refuge with his maternal uncles the M'gharfa and stayed there with his sons, Moulay Ahmed and the young Sidi Mohammed for more than three years until he was called again to seat the throne for the second time.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bEzTK9T3zVEC&pg=PA377|title=vol. IX : Chronique de la dynastie alaouie au Maroc, p.188|language=fr}}
Sultan Moulay Abdallah was proclaimed respectively 5 March 1729 (deposed 28 September 1734), 14 February/23 May 1736 (deposed again 8 August 1736), February 1740 (deposed again 13 June 1741), 24 November 1741 (deposed again 3 February 1742), May 1743 (deposed once more in 1747), and October 1748. He died on the throne on November 10, 1757 after nine years of uninterrupted reign at Dar Debibagh, a fortified palace he built in 1729.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bEzTK9T3zVEC&pg=PA377|title=Le Maroc dans la tourmente: 1902-1903|last=Aubin|first=Eugène|date=2004|publisher=Eddif|isbn=9789981896482|pages=377|language=fr}}
Moulay Abdallah married a lady of the Cheraga tribe{{Cite book |last=Descos |first=Léon Eugène Aubin Coullard |url=http://archive.org/details/lemarocdaujourdh00desc |title=Le Maroc d'aujourd'hui [par] Eugène Aubin |date=1904 |publisher=Paris A. Colin |others=Robarts - University of Toronto |pages=237}}{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.com.qa/books/edition/Les_sources_in%C3%A9dites_de_l_histoire_du_M/LUY_AQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=moulay+abdallah+cheraga&pg=PA464&printsec=frontcover |title=Les sources inédites de l'histoire du Maroc de 1530 à 1845: Sér. Dynastie Saadienne, 1530-1660. [pt. 1] France. 4 tomes. [pt. 2] Pays-Bas. 6 tomes. [pt. 3] Angleterre. 3 tomes. [pt. 4] Espagne. tomes. [pt. 5] Portugal. tomes. [pt. 6] Dépôts divers. tomes |date=1906 |publisher=E. Leroux |pages=464 |language=fr}} among their children was his successor Sidi Mohammed III. Unlike his father before him, Sultan Moulay Abdallah did not father plethora of sons, therefore it was the smoothest succession Morocco had known since Ahmad al-Mansur of the Sa'adi dynasty.
After his death, he was buried in the royal necropolis of the Moulay Abdallah Mosque which he had built in Fes el-Jdid.{{Cite book|last=Bressolette|first=Henri|title=A la découverte de Fès|publisher=L'Harmattan|year=2016|isbn=978-2343090221}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{s-start}}
{{succession box | before = Abu'l Abbas Ahmad II| title = Sultan of Morocco|years=1729–1757| after = Ali of Morocco|}}
{{succession box | before = Ali of Morocco| title = Sultan of Morocco|years=1736| after = Sidi Mohammed III|}}
{{s-end}}
{{Rulers of Morocco}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Abdallah of Morocco}}
Category:18th-century Arab people
Category:18th-century Moroccan people
Category:18th-century monarchs in Africa
Category:'Alawi dynasty monarchs