Abetxuko

File:Abetxuku auzoa.jpg

File:Vitoria - Abetxuko, parroquia de San Jose Obrero 1.jpg

Abetxuko was first mentioned in the {{ill|Reja de San Millán|es}} of 1025, where the name is spelled Avoggoco. In 1257 and 1331 it appeared as Abuchucu.{{cite book |last1=Salaberri Zaratiegi |first1=Patxi |title=Araba/Álava: Los nombres de nuestros pueblos |date=2015 |publisher=Euskaltzaindia |isbn=978-84-944512-0-1 |pages=49-50 |url=https://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/dok/iker_jagon_tegiak/80204.pdf |access-date=11 September 2023 |language=es}} It was from the seventeenth century that the modern form, Abechuco, started to be more widely used. At first the Basque name of the village was a simple adaptation to the Basque spelling, which is the one that became official. However, in 2001 the Royal Academy of the Basque Language proposed Abetxuku as its standard Basque name.{{cite web |last1=Estornés Zubizarreta |first1=Idoia |author-link1=Idoia Estornés Zubizarreta |last2=Garate Goñi |first2=Alberto |last3=Martínez de Madina Salazar |first3=Elena |title=Abetxuko - Toponimia |url=https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/es/abetxuko/ar-8270-120758/ |website=Auñamendi Encyclopedia |publisher=Eusko Ikaskuntza |access-date=10 September 2023 |language=es}}

Abetxuko became administratively linked to Vitoria-Gasteiz in the fourteenth century, when king Alfonso XI granted the city jurisdiction over it and another 41 hamlets in dispute between the city and the Brotherhood of Álava. The construction of the modern neighborhood started in 1957.{{cite news |last1=Armentia |first1=Iñaki |title=Así fue la inauguración de las primeras viviendas de Abetxuko en 1959 |url=https://cadenaser.com/emisora/2017/01/20/ser_vitoria/1484927237_782647.html |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=Cadena SER |date=23 January 2021 |language=es}} The first phase consisted of single-family buildings (some built by the owners themselves), while in the second apartment blocks were built.{{cite web |title=Abetxuko - Entidad local menor |url=https://www.vitoria-gasteiz.org/wb021/was/contenidoAction.do?idioma=en&uid=u_4e9996a6_163d3559d75__7f1a |website=Website of the Vitoria-Gasteiz City Council |access-date=10 September 2023 |language=es}} During its first decades of existence, the neighborhood suffered from a lack of services caused its location far from the city center and across the river.{{cite news |last1=García |first1=Alberto |title=Abetxuko: un barrio-pueblo en lucha constante para mejorar su calidad de vida |url=https://www.gasteizhoy.com/abetxuko-historia/ |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=GasteizHoy |date=30 August 2023 |language=es}} The city tram was extended to the outskirts of Abetxuko in 2009, and in 2012 two more stops were added within the neighborhood. Despite the increased integration of Abetxuko into the city, most socioeconomic indicators remain lower than in the rest of Vitoria-Gasteiz and its inhabitants retain a strong local identity.{{cite news |last1=López de Pariza |first1=Sara |title=Un barrio con sentimiento de pueblo |url=https://www.elcorreo.com/elecciones/forales-municipales-alava/barrio-sentimiento-pueblo-20230518002426-nt.html |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=El Correo |date=18 May 2023 |language=es}}

Abetxuko was a small rural hamlet up to the late 1950s. The new neighborhood was populated primarily by internal immigrants, primarily from Andalusia, Castile and León and Extremadura. The population in 1964 was more than 1800 and had risen over 6000 by the late 1970s. The number of young people in the neighborhood has been in decline since the 1990s,{{cite news |last1=Sancho |first1=Aitor |title=Abetxuko presenta su proyecto para renovar un barrio que envejece |url=https://www.gasteizhoy.com/reformas-calles-viviendas-abetxuko/ |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=GasteizHoy |date=28 September 2017 |language=es}} with the population of Abetxuko having one of the highest average ages of the city.{{cite news |last1=Aroca |first1=Jon |title=Abetxuko clama por su único banco |url=https://www.elcorreo.com/alava/araba/abetxuko-clama-unico-20210528141202-nt.html |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=El Correo |date=28 May 2021 |language=es}} The original village still exists as a much smaller settlement.{{cite news |last1=Gatón |first1=Natxo |title=¿Abetxuko es o no es Vitoria-Gasteiz? |url=https://www.gasteizhoy.com/abetxuko-es-o-no-es-vitoria-gasteiz/ |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=GasteizHoy |date=26 September 2021 |language=es}}

• The old parish church of San Miguel, built in the thirteenth century in the Romanesque style, with substantial additions from the sixteenth century (the lateral arched and vaulted chapels). It houses a sculpture of the crucified Christ which probably belonged to the Santa Catalina monastery in Badaia.{{cite web |last1=Estornés Zubizarreta |first1=Idoia |last2=Garate Goñi |first2=Alberto |last3=Martínez de Madina Salazar |first3=Elena |title=Abetxuko - Arte |url=https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/es/abetxuko/ar-8270-3996/#136012 |website=Auñamendi Encyclopedia |publisher=Eusko Ikaskuntza |access-date=6 September 2023 |language=es}}
• The parish church of San José Obrero is a modern temple, opened in 1961. It was designed by architect was Ignacio Lasquiber. The chapel has an eighteenth-century Marian image from {{ill|Orenin|es|Orenín}}, one of the settlements abandoned during the construction of the nearby Ullíbarri-Gamboa Reservoir.
• The old bridge over the Zadorra was built in the sixteenth century, although the current structure dates from the nineteenth. It became disused after the construction of a new bridge in 2006. It was renovated between 2015 and 2017.{{cite news |title=Así ha quedado el viejo puente de Abetxuko |url=https://www.gasteizhoy.com/puente-viejo-abetxuko/ |access-date=6 September 2023 |date=2 October 2017 |language=es}}

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