Abu Qash
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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Abu Qash
| translit_lang1 = Arabic
| translit_lang1_type = Arabic
| translit_lang1_info = ابو قش
| translit_lang1_type1 = Latin
| translit_lang1_info1 = Abu Qash (official)
Abu Qashsh (unofficial)
| type = Municipality type C
| image_skyline = AbuQashHaresha434.jpg
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = Palestine
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Abu Qash within Palestine
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|31|57|04|N|35|11|03|E|region:PS|display=inline,title}}
| grid_name = Palestine grid
| grid_position = 167/150
| subdivision_type = State
| subdivision_name = State of Palestine
| subdivision_type1 = Governorate
| subdivision_name1 = Ramallah and al-Bireh
| established_title = Founded
| established_date =
| government_footnotes =
| government_type = Municipality
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = dunam
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_total_dunam =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_min_m =
| elevation_max_m =
| population_footnotes = {{cite report |date=February 2018 |title=Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017 |url=https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Downloads/book2364-1.pdf |department=Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) |publisher=State of Palestine |pages=64–82 |access-date=2023-10-24}}
| population_total = 2,237
| population_as_of = 2017
| population_note =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| blank_name_sec1 = Name meaning
| blank_info_sec1 = the father of Kǔsh (a bucket)Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/221/mode/1up 221]
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
Abu Qash ({{langx|ar|ابو قش}}) is a Palestinian village located in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the northern West Bank, located north of Ramallah and south of the Birzeit University. According to the 2017 census conducted by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, it had a population of 2,237.
==Location==
Abu Qash is located {{convert|5.3|km|mi|sp=us}} north of Ramallah. It is bordered by Surda and Jifna to the east, Bir Zeit to the north, Al-Zaytouneh and Ramallah to the west, and by Ramallah and Surda to the south.[http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Abu%20Qash_vp_en.pdf Abu Qash Village profile], ARIJ, p. 5
History
Abu Qash was founded in the Ottoman period by settlers from Beitunia during the Qays–Yaman war.Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in Shomron studies. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 359
Earlier remains found at the site include two tombs dating to the Byzantine period,Finkelstein et al, 1997, p. 411 and sherds from both the Byzantine and Mamluk eras.
=Ottoman era=
Sherds from the early Ottoman era have also been found here. In 1838 it was noted by Edward Robinson as a Muslim village, Abu Kush, in Beni Harith district, north of Jerusalem.Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/124/mode/1up 124]
In 1863 Victor Guérin noted it as "A hamlet of about twenty houses, situated on a high hill, the slopes of which are partly covered with vines, olive trees and fig trees."Guérin, 1869, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr06gugoog#page/n47/mode/1up 34]
An Ottoman village list of about 1870 indicated that the village had 25 houses and a population of 78, though the population count included men, only. It was further noted that it was located just west of Surda.Socin, 1879, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde01deut#page/149/mode/1up 149] It was noted to be in the Beni Harit districtHartmann, 1883, p. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ#page/n934/mode/1up 126] also noted 25 houses
In 1882 the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Abu Kush as: "a very small hamlet, with a well on the north, on an ancient road, with a few olives near."Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/293/mode/1up 293]
In 1896 the population of Abu Kusch was estimated to be about 204 persons.Schick, 1896, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde19deut#page/n230/mode/1up 123] Note that Schick mistakenly writes that it was missed in the Socin list.
=British Mandate era=
In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, the population of Abu Qash was 171 Muslims,Barron, 1922, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramalllah, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n18/mode/1up 16] increasing in the 1931 census to 246 inhabitants, in 49 houses.Mills, 1932, p.[https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 47]
In the 1945 statistics Abu Qash had a population of 300 Muslims,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p26.jpg 26] and a total land area of 4,751 dunams.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Ramallah/Page-064.jpg 64]. 1,166 dunams were for plantations and irrigable land, 1,447 were for cereals,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Ramallah/Page-111.jpg 111] while 42 dunams were built-up areas.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Ramallah/Page-161.jpg 161]
=Jordanian era=
In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Abu Qosh came under Jordanian rule. It was annexed by Jordan in 1950.
In 1961, the population was 510.Government of Jordan, 1964, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensusPages/JordanCensus1961-p24.pdf 24]
=Post-1967=
Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Abu Qash has been under Israeli occupation.
After the 1995 Oslo II accords, 99.8% of Abu Qash land was classified as Area B land and the remaining 0.2% as Area C.[http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Abu%20Qash_vp_en.pdf Abu Qash Village profile], ARIJ, p. 17
References
{{reflist |25em}}
Bibliography
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite book | editor =Barron, J.B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922|url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 | publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}}
- {{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|author-link1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H.H.|author-link2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp02conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund|volume=2}}
- {{cite book|editor1=Finkelstein, I. | editor1-link= Israel Finkelstein|editor2=Lederman, Zvi|year=1997|title=Highlands of many cultures |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hA59tgAACAAJ |location=Tel Aviv|publisher= Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section| isbn = 965-440-007-3}}
- {{cite book | title = First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population | author = Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics | year = 1964|url=http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensus1961bits.pdf}}
- {{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945 |url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics|year=1945}}
- {{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|author-link=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr06gugoog|volume=1: Judee, pt. 3|year=1869|publisher= L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=fr}}
- {{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center|access-date=2015-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208215837/http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|archive-date=2018-12-08|url-status=dead}}
- {{cite journal | last = Hartmann | first =M.| author-link = Martin Hartmann | title = Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871) | journal = Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins | volume = 6 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ/page/n131 102]–149 | url =https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ | year = 1883}}
- {{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas |url=https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}}
- {{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund}}
- {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|author-link1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|author-link2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=Crocker & Brewster|volume=3}}
- {{cite journal | last = Schick | first =C.| author-link = Conrad Schick | title = Zur Einwohnerzahl des Bezirks Jerusalem | journal = Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins | volume = 19 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftdesde19deut/page/120 120]–127 | url =https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftdesde19deut | year = 1896}}
- {{cite journal | last = Socin | first =A.| author-link = Albert Socin | title = Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem | journal = Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins | volume = 2 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftdesde01deut/page/135 135]–163 | url = https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftdesde01deut | year = 1879}}
{{refend}}
External links
- [http://www.palestineremembered.com/GeoPoints/Abu_Qashsh_651/index.html Welcome To Abu Qashsh]
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8376 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.14.jpg Wikimedia commons]
- [http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/factsheet/Abu%20Qash%20_vp_eng.pdf Abu Qash Village (fact sheet)], Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem (ARIJ)
- [http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Abu%20Qash_vp_en.pdf Abu Qash Village profile], ARIJ
- [http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/images/english/Abu%20Qash_ap_en.jpg Abu Qash, aerial photo], ARIJ
- [http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/needsfordevelopment/Abu_Qash_vp_en.pdf Locality Development Priorities and Needs in Abu Qash Village], ARIJ
{{Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Villages in the West Bank