Acioa edulis

{{Short description|Species of tree}}

{{Speciesbox

|image =

|status = LC

|status_system = IUCN3.1

|status_ref = {{cite iucn |last1=Fernandez |first1=E. |last2=León |first2=M.L.V. |last3=Verdi |first3=M. |last4=Martinelli |first4=G. |last5=Silva |first5=R. |year=2021 |title=Acioa edulis |volume=2021 |page=e.T189631298A189631302 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T189631298A189631302.pt |access-date=28 August 2024}}

|genus = Acioa

|species = edulis

|authority = Prance

|synonyms = *Couepia edulis (Prance) Prance

|synonyms_ref = {{cite web |title=Acioa edulis Prance |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A3187-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=28 August 2024}}

}}

Acioa edulis of the family Chrysobalanaceae. (The tree's Portuguese common name: Castanha-de-cutia; syn. Couepia edulis (Prance) Prance) is a fruit and timber tree, which is native of Amazon Rainforest vegetation in Brazil. The trees grow naturally only within a small area of Brazil. However, they proliferate widely within this area. The tree is around 25 meters (82 feet) tall, with entire leaves that are oval or round, measuring three or four inches (8 to 10 centimeters) in diameter, with a petiole up to one inch (2.5 centimeters) in length. Its fruits range from 8-9 centimeters (3 to 3.5 inches) in length and 4-5 centimeters (1.75 to 2 inches) in diameter.{{Cite journal|last=Spitzer|first=V.|last2=Marx|first2=F.|last3=Maia|first3=J. G. S.|last4=Pfeilsticker|first4=K.|date=March 1991|title=Identification of conjugated fatty acids in the seed oil of Acioa edulis (Prance) syn. Couepia edulis (Chrysobalanaceae)|journal=Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society|language=en|volume=68|issue=3|pages=183–189|doi=10.1007/bf02657766|issn=0003-021X}} and contain a single nut. Later these nuts float on the waters and have been collected for centuries as the source of a valuable oil, but their source was unknown until 1978 when botanical explorer Ghillean Prance discovered the species of tree which produces them.{{ cite book | last1= Prance | first1= Ghillean | last2= Lovejoy | first2= Thomas E. | date= 1985 | title= Key Environments - Amazonia | location= Oxford, England | publisher= Pergamon Press | pages= 128 & 130}}