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Actinopus

{{Short description| Genus of spiders}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| taxon = Actinopus

| image = Actinopus_pusillus_-_Alexandre_S._Michelotto_-_8.jpg

| image_caption = Actinopus pusilus

| authority = Perty, 1833

| type_species = A. tarsalis

| type_species_authority = Perty, 1833

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = See text.

| synonyms =

  • Aussereria Holmberg, 1881
  • Closterochilus Ausserer, 1871
  • Pachyloscelis Lucas, 1834
  • Theragretes Ausserer, 1871

| synonyms_ref =

}}

Actinopus is a genus of mygalomorph spiders in the family Actinopodidae. It was first described by Josef Anton Maximilian Perty in 1833 from the type species Actinopus tarsalis found in Brazil. The name is derived from Greek actin- "ray, beam" and pous "foot". It is a senior synonym of Aussereria, Closterochilus, Pachyloscelis, and Theragretes.

The few reported bites from Brazil resulted in no symptoms, indicating that they can deliver dry bites or small amounts of venom. However, they should be treated with caution due to some reports of bites causing local pain and muscle contractions. These spiders also have a low venom yield; Actinopus crassipes for example has a mean venom yield of 0.09 mg.{{Cite book|last1=Bücherl|first1=Wolfgang|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_KzSBAAAQBAJ&q=trechona+venosa+pigeon&pg=PA266|title=Venomous Animals and Their Venoms: Venomous Invertebrates|last2=Buckley|first2=Eleanor E.|date=2013-09-24|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4832-6289-5|language=en}}

Species

{{as of|2025|03}}, the World Spider Catalog accepted 98 species:

Formerly included:

  • A. bonneti (Zapfe, 1961) (Transferred to Plesiolena)
  • A. gracilis (Hentz, 1842) (Transferred to Antrodiaetus)

References

{{reflist| refs=

{{cite journal| title=Gen. Actinopus Perty, 1833| website=World Spider Catalog| access-date=2025-04-02| publisher=Natural History Museum Bern| url=http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/1| doi=10.24436/2}}

{{cite book| author-last=Perty| author-first=M.| year=1833| contribution=Arachnides Brasilienses| editor1-last=de Spix| editor1-first=J. B.| editor2-last=Martius| editor2-first=F. P.| title=Delectus animalium articulatorum quae in itinere per Braziliam ann.| publisher=Monachii [München/Munich]| pages=191–209| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/135}}

{{cite book| author1-last=Mullen| author1-first=Gary R.| author2-last=Durden| author2-first=Lance A.| title=Medical and Veterinary Entomology| date=2009-04-22| publisher=Academic Press| isbn=978-0-08-091969-0| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T8CWvVGwKhoC&q=actinopus+bite+muscle+contractions&pg=PA403}}

{{cite web| author1-last=Lucas| author1-first=Sylvia M.| author2-last=Da Silva, Jr.| author2-first=P. I.| author3-last=Bertani| author3-first=R.| author4-last=Cardoso| author4-first=J. L. Costa| display-authors=etal| title=Mygalomorph Spider Bites: A Report on 91 Cases in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil| date=1994-05-04| accessdate=2021-11-14| url=https://ecoevo.com.br/publicacoes/pesquisadores/rogerio_bertani/1012%20Toxicon.pdf}}

{{cite journal| author-last1=Miglio| author-first1=Laura Tavares| last2=Lucas| first2=Sylvia M.| last3=Bonaldo| first3=Alexandre B.| title=On the identity of the type species of Actinopus tarsalis (Araneae: Actinopodidae)| journal=Zoologia (Curitiba Impresso)| year=2012| volume=29| issue=4| pages=375–379| doi=10.1590/S1984-46702012000400009| s2cid=85091548| url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262746588| doi-access=free}}

{{cite book| author-last=Simon| author-first=E.| year=1892| title=Histoire naturelle des araignées. Deuxième édition, tome premier| publisher=Roret, Paris| pages=1–256| doi=10.5962/bhl.title.51973| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/948}}

{{cite journal| author-last=Raven| author-first=R. J.| year=1985| journal=Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History| title=The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics| volume=182| pages=1–180| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/6134}}

{{cite journal| author-last=Pickard-Cambridge| author-first=F. O.| year=1896| journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London| title=On the Theraphosidae of the lower Amazons: being an account of the new genera and species of this group of spiders discovered during the expedition of the steamship "Faraday" up the river Amazons| volume=64| issue=3| pages=716–766| doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.1896.tb03076.x| hdl=2027/coo.31924018549828| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/1055}}

}}

Further reading

  • {{cite journal| author-last=Miglio| author-first=L. T.| author2-last=Pérez-Miles| author2-first=F.| author3-last=Bonaldo| author3-first=A. B.| year=2020| journal=Megataxa| title=Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Actinopus Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae)| volume=2| issue=1| pages=1–256| doi=10.11646/megataxa.2.1.1| s2cid=236828677| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/15486| doi-access=free| hdl=20.500.12008/31734| hdl-access=free}}
  • {{cite journal| author-last=Ríos-Tamayo| author-first=D.| year=2019| journal=Zootaxa| title=Four new species of Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) from Uruguay| volume=4624| issue=4| pages=523–538| doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.5| pmid=31716199| s2cid=198261874| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/14869| url-access=subscription}}
  • {{cite journal| author-last=Ríos-Tamayo| author-first=D.| author2-last=Goloboff| author2-first=P. A.| year=2018| journal=Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History| title=Taxonomic revision and morphology of the trapdoor spider genus Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) in Argentina| volume=419| pages=1–83| doi=10.1206/0003-0090-419.1.1| s2cid=89921597| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/14309| hdl=11336/86178| hdl-access=free}}
  • {{cite journal| author-last=Ríos-Tamayo| author-first=D.| year=2016| journal=Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales |series=Nueva Serie| title=A new species of Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) from Bolivia| volume=18| issue=2| pages=185–189| doi=10.22179/revmacn.18.444| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/13764| doi-access=free}}
  • {{cite journal| author-last=Ríos-Tamayo| author-first=D.| year=2014| journal=Acta Arachnologica| title=A new species of the genus Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) from Argentina| volume=63| issue=2| pages=73–77| doi=10.2476/asjaa.63.73| url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/reference/12841| doi-access=free| hdl=11336/12963| hdl-access=free}}

{{Taxonbar| from=Q100889}}

Category:Actinopodidae

Category:Actinopus

Category:Mygalomorphae genera

Category:Taxa named by Maximilian Perty

Category:Spiders of South America

Category:Spiders of Central America