Acylurea
{{Short description|Class of chemical compounds formally derived from the acylation of urea}}
Acylureas (also called N-acylureas or ureides) are a class of chemical compounds formally derived from the acylation of urea.{{cite web | url = https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/chebiOntology.do?treeView=true&chebiId=CHEBI:74266 | title = N-acylurea | publisher = European Molecular Biology Laboratory}}
Uses
=Insecticides=
A subclass of acylureas known as benzoylureas are insecticides. They act as insect growth regulators by inhibiting the synthesis of chitin resulting in weakened cuticles and preventing molting.{{cite book | title = Encyclopedia of Insects | editor =Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Cardé | publisher = Academic Press | date = 2009 | page = 157| isbn =9780080920900 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jk0Hym1yF0cC&q=Acylurea}} Members of this class include diflubenzuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, and teflubenzuron.
=Anticonvulsants and sedatives=
The acylurea functional group is also found in some pharmaceutical drugs such as the anticonvulsants phenacemide, pheneturide, chlorphenacemide, and acetylpheneturide (which are phenylureides),{{cite book|author1=Hans-Hasso Frey|author2=D. Janz|title=Antiepileptic Drugs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KW7pCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA601|date=6 December 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-642-69518-6|pages=601–}} and the sedatives acecarbromal, bromisoval, and carbromal (which are bromoureides). Others include apronal (apronalide), capuride, and ectylurea. Barbiturates (a class of cyclic ureas) are structurally and mechanistically related to them.{{cite book|author1=David A. Williams|author2=William O. Foye|author3=Thomas L. Lemke|title=Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KGLF4ZudTyAC&pg=PA380|date=January 2002|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-0-683-30737-5|pages=380–}} The phenylureides are also closely related to the hydantoins, such as phenytoin, and may be considered ring-opened analogues of them.{{cite book|author=Dr. S. S. Kadam|title=PRINCIPLES OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY Vol. - II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7Pb3lJuRksC&pg=PA147|date=1 July 2007|publisher=Pragati Books Pvt. Ltd.|isbn=978-81-85790-03-9|pages=147–}}
Related
=Diureides=
=Hydantoins=
Hydantoin, or glycolylurea, can be considered the cyclic form of acylurea.