Address (programming language)
{{Distinguish |text= APL}}
The Address programming language ({{langx|uk|Адресна мова програмування}}, {{langx|ru|Адресный язык программирования}}) is one of the world's first high-level programming languages.{{cite web|url=http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/all/herald/2001-09/15.htm |title=In memory of K. Yushchenko |work=Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |date=2001 |language=uk |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224005643/http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/Portal/All/herald/2001-09/15.htm |archivedate=2008-12-24 }} It was created in 1955 by Kateryna Yushchenko.{{Cite news|url=https://www.rte.ie/eile/brainstorm/2018/0110/932241-the-women-who-led-the-way-in-computer-programming/|title=The women who led the way in computer programming|last1=Connolly|first1=Cornelia|date=2018-01-10|work=RTE.ie|access-date=2018-11-26|last2=Hall|first2=Tony|language=en|last3=Lenaghan|first3=Jim}} In particular, the Address programming language made possible indirect addressing and addresses of the highest rank{{snd}} analogous to pointers.{{Cite web|last=Videla|first=Alvaro|date=2018-12-08|title=Kateryna L. Yushchenko — Inventor of Pointers|url=https://medium.com/a-computer-of-ones-own/kateryna-l-yushchenko-inventor-of-pointers-6f2796fa1798|access-date=2021-05-29|website=Medium|language=en}}{{Cite web|title="Катерина Логвинівна Ющенко – винахідниця Pointers та авторка однієї з перших в світі мов програмування високого рівня"|url=https://www.nas.gov.ua/UA/Messages/Pages/View.aspx?MessageID=7487&fbclid=IwAR2c6UvVP4xX98IdSNJ01KARLZK6Bx5bZc8iJS8_O3q7f-GpKIrAdkIutz8|access-date=2021-05-29|website=www.nas.gov.ua|language=uk-UA}}
Unlike Fortran and ALGOL 60, APL (Address Programming Language) supported indirect addressing and addressing of higher ranks. Indirect addressing is a mechanism that appeared in other programming languages much later (1964{{snd}} in PL/1).{{cn|date=September 2024}}
The Address language was implemented on all the computers of the first and second generation produced in the Soviet Union. The Address language influenced the architecture of the Kyiv, M-20, Dnipro, Ural, Promin and Minsk computers. The Address programming language was used exclusively for the solution of economical problems, including aviation, space exploration, machine building, and military complex{{snd}} in particular, to calculate the trajectories of ballistic missiles in flight{{snd}} in the 1950–60s. Implementations of the Address programming language were used for nearly 20 years. A book about APL was published in Ukraine in 1963 and it was translated and published in France in 1974.{{cn|date=September 2024}}
The Address language affected not only the Soviet Union's and other socialist countries economical development, but information technology and programming worldwide.{{cn|date=September 2024}} APL's proposed and implemented ideas and tools can be found in many programming-related fields, such as abstract data types, object-oriented programming, functional programming, logical programming, databases and artificial intelligence.{{cn|date=September 2024}}
Books
- Glushkov V.M., & Yushchenko E.L., D 1966, The Kiev Computer; a Mathematical Description, USA, Ohio, Translation Division, Foreign Technology Div., Wright-Pattenon AFB, 234p., ASIN: B0007G3QGC.
- Gnedenko B.V., Koroliouk V. S. & Iouchtchenko E.L., D 1969, Eléments de programmation sur ordinateurs, Paris, Dunod, 362p., ASIN: B0014UQTU0, viewed 24 October 2021, URL: https://files.infoua.net/yushchenko/Elements-de-programmation-sur-ordinateurs_BGnedenko-VKoroliouk-EIouchtchenko_1969_France_OCR.pdf.
- Gnedenko B.V., Koroljuk V.S. & Justschenko E.L., D 1964, Elemente der Programmierung, DDR, Leipzig, Verlag: B. G. Teubner, 327 oldal.
- Gnedenko B.V., Korolyuk V.S. & Juscsenko E.L. D 1964, Bevezetѐs a progamozásba, – I, II. – Magyarország, Budapest, Uj technica.
- Вычислительная машина «Киев»: математическое описание / В. М. Глушков, Е. Л. Ющенко. — К. : Техн. лит., 1962. — 183 с.
- Кулинкович А.Е., Ющенко Е.Л., О базовом алгоритмическом языке. / Кулинкович А.Е., Ющенко Е.Л., в журн.: «Кибернетика», К. : No. 2, 1965. C.3–9, – URL: https://files.infoua.net/yushchenko/O-bazovom-algoritmicheskov-yazyke_AKulinkovich_EYushchenko_1965.pdf
- Ющенко Е. Л. Адресное программирование / Е. Л. Ющенко. — К. : Техн. лит., 1963. — 286 с. https://files.infoua.net/yushchenko/Adresnoe-programmirovanie_EYushchenko_1963.pdf
- Ющенко Е. Л. Программирующая программа с входным адресным языком для машины Урал −1 / Е. Л. Ющенко, Т. А. Гринченко. — К. : Наук. думка, 1964. — 107 с.
- Ющенко Е.Л., Адресный язык (Тема 5) // Кибернетика на транспорте: Заочный семинар. / Киевский дом Научно-технической пропаганды / – К. : – 1962. – 32 с., – URL: Kibernetika-na-transporte_Adresnyy-yazyk_KYushchenko_1962.pdf (infoua.net)
- Управляющая машина широкого назначения «Дніпро» и программирующая программа в ней / Е. Л. Ющенко, Б. Н. Малиновский, Г. А. Полищук, Э. К. Ядренко, А. И. Никитин. — К. : Наук. думка, 1964. — 280 с.