Adipicola pelagica
{{Short description|Species of bivalve}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Woodward 1856 pl 17 fig 6 Adipicola pelagica.png
| image_caption = Illustration from S.P. Woodward's book
| genus = Adipicola
| species = pelagica
| authority = (Forbes in Woodward, 1854){{cite WoRMS |author=WoRMS |year=2010 |title=Adipicola pelagica (Forbes in Woodward, 1854) |id=505925 |accessdate=3 February 2019}}
| synonyms = *Idas pelagica (Forbes in Woodward, 1854)
- Idas pelagicus (Forbes in Woodward, 1854)
- Modiola pelagica Woodward, 1854
- Modiolarca pelagica Forbes in Woodward, 1854
- Myrina dalmasi Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897
- Myrina denhami H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
}}
Adipicola pelagica is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mytilidae, the mussels. It is a deepwater species and is found attached to the bones and tissues of whales that have died and sunk to the seabed, and sometimes to fragments of decomposing carcases which have sloughed off and floated to the surface.
History
In 1854, a small bivalve mollusc was found attached to some whale blubber found floating off the coast of South Africa. The mollusc was passed to the British malacologist Samuel Pickworth Woodward, who determined that the mollusc was new to science, and formally described it, naming the new species Adipicola pelagica. In 1927, the mollusc was seen again, this time attached to some floating whale debris in the northern Atlantic Ocean, and in 1964, a number of individuals were dredged up in the South Atlantic attached to a whale skull from a depth of {{convert|439|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.{{cite book|author1=Smith, C.R. |author2=Baco, A.R. |name-list-style=amp |chapter=Ecology of whale falls at the deep-sea floor |editor1=Gibson, R.N. |editor2=Atkinson, R.J.A.| title=Oceanography and Marine Biology, An Annual Review |volume=41 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=64crGFXWn5gC&pg=PA312 |year=2003 |publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-203-18057-0 |page=312}}
Description
A common length for this elongated, brownish mussel is {{convert|15|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}.{{cite web |url=http://www.nmr-pics.nl/mytilidae/album/slides/Adipicola%20pelagica.html |title=Adipicola pelagica (Forbes in Woodward,1854) |publisher=Natural History Museum, Rotterdam |accessdate=3 February 2019}}
Distribution and habitat
All the sightings of this mussel have been from the Atlantic Ocean, and in 1987, the New Zealand malacologist Richard Dell concluded that the mussel's range probably extended from the Azores to South Africa. It lives on dead whale carcases on the sea bed at depths between {{convert|400|and|1800|m|ft|-2|abbr=on}}. Some of the mussels had been found attached to pieces of floating tissue that broke away from decomposing carcases and rose to the surface, and these may have drifted away from the species' normal distributional range. Another individual of A. pelagica, found near the Azores, was dredged from a depth of {{convert|2450|m|ft|-2|abbr=on}}.
References
{{Reflist}}
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Category:Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean