Adolph John I, Count Palatine of Kleeburg
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Adolph John I
| title =
| image = File:Adolf Johan d.ä., 1629-1689 (David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl) - Nationalmuseum - 39785.jpg
| caption = Prince Adolph John, Count Palatine of Kleeburg
| succession = Count Palatine of Kleeburg
| reign = 1654–1689
| coronation =
| predecessor = Charles Gustavus
| regent =
| successor = Adolph John II
| birth_date = 11 October 1629
| birth_place = Stegeborg Castle, Sweden
| death_date = 14 October 1689
| death_place =
| spouse = Elizabeth Beatrice Brahe
Elsa Elizabeth Brahe
| issue = Catherine
Maria Elizabeth Louise
Adolph John
Gustavus Samuel Leopold, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
| issue-link =
| full name =
| house = House of Wittelsbach
| father = John Casimir, Count Palatine of Kleeburg
| mother = Catherine of Sweden
| religion =
| motto =
| date of burial =
| place of burial=
}}
Adolph John I ({{langx|de|Adolf Johann I.}}; {{langx|sv|Adolf Johan}}; 11 October 1629 – 14 October 1689) was Count Palatine of Kleeburg from 1654 until 1689 and was considered Prince of SwedenUlf Sundberg in Kungliga släktband, Historiska media, Lund, 2004, {{ISBN|91-85057-48-7}} p. 281 until 1660. He was the younger brother of King Charles X Gustav of Sweden.
Life
Adolph John was born in Stegeborg Castle, Sweden (now in Söderköping Municipality) in 1629 as the youngest son of John Casimir, Count Palatine of Kleeburg and Princess Catherine of Sweden. He was Duke of StegeborgPage on dukes at [http://www.tacitus.nu/svenskhistoria/statsman/hertigar.htm Tacitus.nu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170613000443/http://www.tacitus.nu/svenskhistoria/statsman/hertigar.htm |date=13 June 2017 }} after his elder brother Carl Gustav became the King of Sweden. At that time, he also obtained the County Palatine of Kleeburg.Michel Huberty, Alain Giraud, F. and B. Magdelaine. L'Allemagne Dynastique, Tome IV, Wittelsbach. (1985). {{ISBN|2-901138-04-7}} pp.83–84,108–109, 144–145
In early 1659, he was a part of the Swedish offensive into Ducal Prussia, which led to initial Swedish gains but were lost after an allied counteroffensive in March.{{Sfn|von Essen|2023|p=362–365}}
Marriage
Adolph John married Countess Elizabeth Beatrice Brahe (31 August 1629 – 7 September 1653) on 19 June 1649 and had the following son:
- Gustavus Adolph (9 March 1652 – 1 August 1652)
Adolph John married Countess Elsa Elizabeth Brahe (29 January 1632 – 24 February 1689), daughter of Count Nicholas Brahe af Wisingsborg in 1661. They had the following children:
- Catherine (10 December 1661 – 27 May 1720), married to count Kristofer Gyllenstierna, no issue;
- Maria Elizabeth Louise (16 April 1663 – 23 January 1748), married to count Christian Gottlob von Gersdorff auf Oppach, no issue;
- Charles John (15 September 1664 – 10 December 1664);
- John Casimir (4 September 1665 – 29 May 1666);
- Adolph John (21 August 1666 – 27 April 1701), never married;
- Gustavus Casimir (29 June 1667 – 21 August 1669);
- Christina Magdalena (4 April 1669 – 21 June 1670);
- Gustavus Samuel Leopold (12 April 1670 – 17 September 1731), no issue;
- unnamed infant (12 December 1671).
Although he was the father of 10 children, Adolph John I had no grandchildren at all. If he had had progeny, they would have had a strong claim upon the throne of Sweden after the line of his brother, Charles X Gustav of Sweden, ended with Ulrika Eleonora. Since he had no progeny, the throne was claimed by the heirs of his eldest sister Christina Magdalena of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken.
Ancestry
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
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| 1= 1. Adolph John I, Count Palatine of Kleeburg
| 2= 2. John Casimir, Count Palatine of Kleeburg
| 3= 3. Catherine of Sweden
| 4= 4. John I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://sok.riksarkivet.se/Sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=12105 |encyclopedia=Svenskt biografiskt lexikon |title=Johan Kasimir |volume=20 |year=1975 |page=204 |first=Åke |last=Kromnow |language=sv}}
| 5= 5. Magdalene of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
| 6= 6. Charles IX of Sweden{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://sok.riksarkivet.se/Sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=11393 |encyclopedia=Svenskt biografiskt lexikon |title=Katarina |volume=21 |year=1977 |page=1 |first=Åke |last=Kromnow |language=sv}}
| 7= 7. Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern
| 8= 8. Wolfgang, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken{{NDB|10|513|514|Johann I.|Press, Volker|122848381}}
| 9= 9. Anna of Hesse
|10= 10. William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg{{BLKO |wstitle=Habsburg, Maria (Herzogin zu Berg, Jülich und Cleve) |volume=7 |page=19}}
|11= 11. Maria of Austria
|12= 12. Gustav I of Sweden{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://sok.riksarkivet.se/Sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=12354 |encyclopedia=Svenskt biografiskt lexikon |title=Karl IX |volume=20 |year=1975 |page=630 |first=Sven Ulric |last=Palme |language=sv}}
|13= 13. Margaret Leijonhufvud
|14= 14. Louis VI, Elector Palatine{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://sok.riksarkivet.se/Sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=9105 |encyclopedia=Svenskt biografiskt lexikon |title=Maria |volume=25 |year=1987 |pages=150 |first=Lars-Olof |last=Skoglund |language=sv}}
|15= 15. Elisabeth of Hesse
}}
References
{{reflist}}
Works cited
- {{Cite book |last=von Essen |first=Michael Fredholm |title=The Danish Wars, 1657-1660 |publisher=Helion & Company |year=2023 |isbn=9781915113603 |series=Charles X's Wars |volume=3 |language=en}}
{{S-start}}
{{succession box | before=Charles Gustavus | title=Duke of Kleeburg | years=1654–1689 | after=Adolph John II }}
{{S-end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Adolph John 1, Count Palatine of Kleeburg}}
Category:People from Söderköping Municipality
Category:17th-century Swedish nobility
Category:Disinherited European royalty
Category:Counts Palatine of the Holy Roman Empire
Category:Marshals of the Realm
Category:People from the Swedish Empire
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