Adolph Saphir

He was born in eastern Budapest (Pest) on 26 September 1831, the son of Israel Saphir, a Jewish merchantKovács, Ábrahám: The History of the Free Church of Scotland’s Mission to the Jews in Budapest and its impact on the Reformed Church of Hungary 1841-1914 Frankfurt am Main; New York; Berlin; Bern; Bruxelles; New York; Oxford; Wien: Peter Lang Verlag, 2006. and brother of the poet, Moritz Gottlieb Saphir. Adolph's mother was Henrietta Bondij.{{cite DNB |wstitle=Saphir, Adolph|last=Carlyle|first= Edward Irving|authorlink=E. I. Carlyle|volume=50}} As a child he was reportedly of a delicate constitution, and there were initially concern that he would not survive infancy.{{Cite book|last=Shield|first=G. W. C.|title=Jubilee of Belgrave Presbyterian Church, West Halkin Street, Belgrave Square.|publisher=G. W. C. Shield|year=1896|location=London|pages=59}}

In 1843, his family converted to Christianity through the Jewish mission of the Free Church of Scotland.{{cite book|last=Carlyle|first= Rev. Gavin|title="Mighty in the Scriptures." A Memoir of Adolph Saphir, D.D.|date=1893|publication-place=London| publisher=John F. Shaw|pages=17–18|oclc=681298716}}{{cite book |last=Keith|first=Alexander|author-link=Alexander Keith (minister) |title=The Sunday at home: a family magazine for Sabbath reading. |date=1867 |publisher=The Religious Tract Society |location=London|volume=14 |article=Origin of the Mission to the Jews at Pesth|pages=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015068377145&view=1up&seq=233&skin=2021 212]-216, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015068377145&view=1up&seq=252&skin=2021 232]-237, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015068377145&view=1up&seq=265&skin=2021 245]-248, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015068377145&view=1up&seq=283&skin=2021 261]-263 |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000642508}} In the autumn of 1843 his father sent him to train as a Christian minister for the Free Church of Scotland at New College, Edinburgh. This proved impractical due to his age and lack of English. He attended a Gymnasium in Berlin from 1844 to 1848 much improving his English. From 1848 he studied at Glasgow University graduating MA in 1854.

Saphir travelled to Edinburgh with Rabbi Duncan and Alfred Edersheim.{{cite book|last1=Larsen|first1=David L.|title=The Company of the Preachers: Volume 2|date=1998|publisher=Kregel Publications|page=570|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gwMTCUs62TQC&pg=PA570|access-date=25 October 2015|isbn=9780825494345}} He then studied at the Marischal College, Aberdeen. He took his theology course at New College, Edinburgh.{{Cite book|last=Shield|first=G. W. C.|title=Jubilee of Belgrave Presbyterian Church, West Halkin Street, Belgrave Square|publisher=G. W. C. Shield|year=1896|location=London|pages=65}} In 1854, Saphir was appointed a missionary to the Jews. He worked briefly in Hamburg before moving to England where he became a minister of the Presbyterian Church of England, and served at Laygate Church in South Shields, at St Mark's in Greenwich, and at Trinity Church South Street, Notting Hill. In 1880 he was forced to resign his pastorate at Notting Hill due to ill health. A measure of recovery followed, so that he was able preach for a while at St. John's Church, Kensington, and to supply the vacant pulpit of Belgrave Presbyterian Church, West Halkin Street, for six months. This was followed by a call to become Pastor there, and he was inducted to the ministry of Belgrave on 28 June 1882. As he was not quite able to undertake all of the duties of the pastorate, a generous donor provided money to pay an assistant minister. He resigned from Belgrave Church in May 1888.{{Cite book|last=Shield|first=G. W. C.|title=Jubilee of Belgrave Presbyterian Church, West Halkin Street, Belgrave Square.|publisher=G. W. C. Shield|year=1896|location=London|pages=55–73}} Saphir received an honorary Doctor of Divinity from the University of Glasgow in 1878.{{cite web|title=Adolph Aaron Saphir|url=http://www.universitystory.glasgow.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH24513&type=P&o=&start=180&max=20&l=|publisher=University of Glasgow|access-date=25 October 2015}}{{Dead link|date=September 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

Following his retirement, Dr. Saphir continued to preach as his health permitted. He spent the winter of 1890–91 at Bournemouth, where he supplied the pulpit of the Presbyterian Church. Dr. Saphir died of angina pectoris on 3 April 1891, just three days after the death of his wife on 31 March.{{Cite book|last=Shields|first=G. W. C.|title=Jubilee of Belgrave Presbyterian Church, West Halkin Street, Belgrave Square|publisher=G. W. C. Shields|year=1896|location=London|pages=74}}

• The Hidden Life
• [https://books.google.com/books?id=8V0XAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP5 The Divine Unity of Scripture]
• Jesus and the Sinner
• Christ and the Church
• The Jews as Custodians and Witnesses
• Christ and the Scriptures
• Christian Perfection: An Address
• Christ Crucified
• The Epistle to the Hebrews (1874)
• The Sinner and the Saviour
• The Lord's Prayer (1872)
• The Compassion of Jesus
• The Prophecies of Daniel and the Revelation (Edinburgh, 1874), being a translation of Karl August Auberlen (Der Prophet Daniel und die Offenbarung Johannis, (Basel, 1854)

Adolph Saphir's siblings were also involved in the Hebrew Christian movement and missionary activities: Philipp, whose letters and diaries Adolph edited, ran a mission school in Budapest;{{cite book|editor1-last=Saphir |editor1-first=Adolph |date= 1852|title= Letters and Diaries of Philipp Saphir|publication-place=Edinburgh | publisher=Johnstone and Hunter | oclc=867543229 }} Johanna taught at the school and later married Charles Andrew Schönberger, co-founder of the Hebrew Christian Testimony to Israel;{{cite magazine |author= |title=Hebrew Christian Testimony to Israel|department = Jewish Missionary News from All Lands and All Societies|magazine=The Jewish Era |publication-place= Chicago |date=1904-01-15|df=mdy | volume =13 |issue=1 | editor-last=Meyer |editor-first=Rev. Louis}} and Maria Dorothea married the noted Hebrew Christian preacher Carl Schwartz.{{cite web |url=https://maartenmaartenslezen.nl/2017/06/30/geboren-worden-in-amsterdam/ |title=geboren worden in Amsterdam |trans-title=born in Amsterdam|last= Licht|first=Agnes |date= 2017-06-30|df=mdy|website= Maarten Maartens Lezen|trans-website=Reading Maarten Maartens|access-date= 2020-05-05 |language=nl |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200505212048/https://maartenmaartenslezen.nl/2017/06/30/geboren-worden-in-amsterdam/|archive-date=2020-05-05}} This article contains considerable biographical detail about Maria Dorothea Saphir, the first wife of Maarten Maartens's father Carl Schwartz. In 1854 Adolph married Sarah Owen from Dublin. They had one daughter who died young; Sarah died four days before Adolph.

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Category:1831 births

Category:1891 deaths

Category:People from Pest, Hungary

Category:Converts to Calvinism from Judaism

Category:Alumni of the University of Aberdeen

Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh

Category:Protestant missionaries in England

Category:19th-century Presbyterian ministers

Category:Presbyterian missionaries in Europe

Category:Hungarian Presbyterian missionaries

Category:Hungarian Jews