Adriano Gozzini

He earned his degree in Physics in 1940 from the University of Pisa as a student of the Scuola Normale Superiore, under the mentorship of Luigi Puccianti. After the war, he became Puccianti's assistant at the Institute of Physics at the University of Pisa, marking the start of his academic career.{{Cite web |last=Rossi |first=Paolo |title=Perché una via pisana dedicata ad Adriano Gozzini |url=https://osiris.df.unipi.it/~rossi/M_gozzini.pdf |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241008210308/https://osiris.df.unipi.it/~rossi/M_gozzini.pdf |archive-date=2024-10-08}}

His research initially focused on experimental physics, where he established Pisa's first microwave spectroscopy laboratory.

Gozzini's work soon gained international recognition, drawing the attention of physicists such as Charles Hard Townes, Nicolaas Bloembergen, and especially Alfred Kastler from Paris. Kastler took particular interest in Gozzini's 1951 studies on the Faraday effect in paramagnetic substances within the microwave range, a phenomenon Kastler himself had predicted. Following this, Kastler encouraged Gozzini to investigate the transverse effect, known as the Cotton-Mouton effect, which Gozzini successfully observed some time later.

Further research by Gozzini explored the use of circularly polarized microwaves in electron paramagnetic resonance.{{Cite web |last=Rossi |first=Paolo |title=La Fisica pisana dopo la Seconda Guerra Mondiale (1947-1982) |url=https://osiris.df.unipi.it/~rossi/Fisica_Pisa_Dopoguerra.pdf |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241008210341/https://osiris.df.unipi.it/~rossi/Fisica_Pisa_Dopoguerra.pdf |archive-date=2024-10-08}}

Thanks to these studies, he was appointed Professor of Experimental Physics at the University of Pisa in 1959.

In 1970, he founded the Laboratory for the Study of the Physical Properties of Biomolecules and Cells within the university, later known as the Institute of Biophysics. The following year, in 1971, he established the Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics at the National Research Council (CNR) in Pisa, which evolved into the Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes.

In 1985, Gozzini joined the Scuola Normale Superiore as a Professor of Experimental Physics, where he founded the first Experimental Laboratory of Atomic Physics.

His experimental research, focused primarily on low-energy physics, atomic physics, molecular physics, and spectroscopy.{{Cite web |title=Topics in Radiofrequencies and Laser Spectroscopy |url=https://www.sif.it/libri/catalogo/gozzini |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.sif.it}} As an educator, he successfully built a school of experimental physics in Pisa.

He was candidate for the Nobel for two times in the 1963 and 1965.{{Cite web |last=Mehlin |first=Hans |date=2024-05-21 |title=Nomination%20Archive |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/archive/show_people.php?id=11016 |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}

• Gozzini received several honorary doctorates from the universities of Clermont-Ferrand, Lille, and the Sorbonne in Paris.{{Cite web |title=Perchè una via pisana dedicata ad Adriano Gozzini |url=https://www.lfns.it/STORIA/Scuola%202014/18%20febbraio/Giuliani/stato%20solido/M_gozzini.pdf |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=ifns.it}}{{Cite web |title=Perchè una via pisana dedicata ad Adriano Gozzini |url=https://www.sba.unipi.it/sites/default/files/persona_archivio/m_gozzini.pdf |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=sba.unipi.it}}
• In 1971 he was awarded the Feltrinelli Prize for Physics, Chemistry and Applications by the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei.{{Cite web |title=Premi Feltrinelli 1950-2011 {{!}} Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei |url=https://www.lincei.it/it/premi-feltrinelli-1950-2011 |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=www.lincei.it |language=it}}
• In 1981 he was awarded the Marian Smoluchowski Medal by the Polish Physical Society.{{Cite web |date= |title=Laureaci |url=https://www.ptf.net.pl/pl/programy/medal-i-nagrody/medal-mariana-smoluchowskiego/laureaci/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110131351/https://www.ptf.net.pl/pl/programy/medal-i-nagrody/medal-mariana-smoluchowskiego/laureaci/ |archive-date=2021-11-10 |access-date= }}
• In Pisa, a street in the Ospedaletto district is named after Adriano Gozzini.

• {{Cite web |title=Gozzini, Adriano |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/adriano-gozzini |website=treccani.it |publisher=Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana |language=it}}
• {{Cite web |title=Adriano Gozzini |url=https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=173801 |website=genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu |publisher=North Dakota State University |language=en}}

{{Portal|Biography|Physics|Italy

}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Italian physicists

Category:1917 births

Category:1994 deaths