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Aeolic Greek#Thessalian

{{Short description|Set of Ancient Greek dialects}}

{{For|the architectural style|Aeolic order}}

{{cleanup lang|date=May 2019}}

{{Infobox language

| name = Aeolic Greek

| altname = Aeolian dialect
Lesbian dialect
Lesbic dialect

| nativename = Αἰολικός

| pronunciation =

| region = Aeolis, Boeotia, Lesbos, Thessaly

| era = {{Citation needed span|date=October 2023|{{circa|800}}–300 BC}}

| familycolor = Indo-European

| fam2 = Hellenic

| fam3 = Greek

| script = Greek alphabet (uncial and cursive forms)
Eastern Archaic Greek alphabet (up to 4th century BC)

| linglist = grc-aeo

| glotto = aeol1234

| glottorefname = Aeolic

| ancestor = Proto-Greek

| map = AncientGreekDialects_(Woodard)_en.svg

| mapcaption = {{Ancient Greek dialects/legend}}

| isoexception = dialect

| dia1 = Boeotian

| dia2 = Thessalian

| dia3 = Lesbian

}}

In linguistics, Aeolic Greek ({{IPAc-en|iː|ˈ|ɒ|l|ɪ|k}}), also known as Aeolian ({{IPAc-en|iː|ˈ|ɒ||l|i|ə|n}}), Lesbian or Lesbic dialect, is the set of dialects of Ancient Greek spoken mainly in Boeotia; in Thessaly; in the Aegean island of Lesbos; and in the Greek colonies of Aeolis in Anatolia and adjoining islands.

The Aeolic dialect shows many archaisms in comparison to the other Ancient Greek dialects (Arcadocypriot, Attic, Ionic, and Doric varieties), as well as many innovations.

Aeolic Greek is widely known as the language of Sappho and of Alcaeus of Mytilene. Aeolic poetry, which is exemplified in the works of Sappho, mostly uses four classical meters known as the Aeolics: Glyconic (the most basic form of Aeolic line), hendecasyllabic verse, Sapphic stanza, and Alcaic stanza (the latter two are respectively named for Sappho and Alcaeus).

Phonology

=Consonants=

==Labiovelars==

Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Greek labialisation changed to Aeolic p everywhere. By contrast, PIE *{{PIE|kʷ}} changed to Attic/Ionic, Arcadocypriot, and Doric t before e and i.

  • PIE *{{PIE|kʷetwores}} → Lesbian písures, Boeotian péttares ~ Attic téttares, Ionic tésseres, Doric tétores "four"

Similarly PIE/PGk *{{PIE|gʷ}} always became b and PIE *{{PIE|gʷʰ}} > PGk *{{PIE|kʰʷ}} always became ph (whereas in other dialects they became alternating b/d and ph/th before back/front vowels).

Labiovelars were treated the same way in the P-Celtic languages and the Sabellic languages.

==Sonorant clusters==

A Proto-Greek consonant cluster with h (from Indo-European {{PIE|*s}}) and a sonorant (r, l, n, m, w, y) changed to the double sonorant (rr, ll, nn, mm, ww, yy) in Lesbian and Thessalian (sub-dialects of Aeolic) by assimilation. In Attic/Ionic, Doric, and Boeotian Aeolic, the h assimilated to the vowel before the consonant cluster, causing the vowel to lengthen by compensatory lengthening.

: PIE VsR or VRs → Attic/Ionic-Doric-Boeotian VVR.

: PIE VsR or VRs → Lesbian-Thessalian VRR.V = vowel, R = sonorant, s is itself. VV = long vowel, RR = doubled or long sonorant.

  • PIE *{{PIE|h₁ésmi}} → Proto-Greek *ehmi → Lesbian-Thessalian emmi ~ Attic/Ionic ēmi (= {{lang|grc|εἰμί}}) "I am"

==Loss of h==

Lesbian Aeolic lost initial h- (psilosis "stripping") from Proto-Indo-European *s- or *y-. By contrast, Ionic sometimes retains it, and Attic always retains it.

  • PIE *{{PIE|sh₂wél(i)yos}} → Proto-Greek *hāwélios → Lesbian āélios, Ionic ēélios ~ Attic hēlios "sun"

==Retention of w==

In Thessalian and Boeotian (sub-dialects of Aeolic) and Doric, the Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Greek semi-vowel w (digamma) was retained at the beginning of a word.

  • PIE {{PIE|wekʷ-es-}} → Boeotian, Doric wépos ~ Attic-Ionic épos "word", "epic" (compare Latin vōx "voice")

=Vowels=

==Long a==

In Aeolic and Doric, Proto-Greek long ā remains. By contrast, in Attic, long ā changes to long ē in most cases; in Ionic, it changes everywhere.Smyth, Greek Grammar, [http://www.ccel.org/s/smyth/grammar/html/smyth_1b_uni.htm#30 par. 30] and [http://www.ccel.org/s/smyth/grammar/html/smyth_1b_notes.htm#30D note], 31: Attic long e, long a

  • PIE {{PIE|*meh₂ter-}} → Aeolic, Doric mātēr ~ Attic/Ionic mētēr "mother"

==Compensatory lengthening==

Compensatory lengthening of a, e, o in Lesbian gives ai, ei, oi (in Attic, it would be ā, ei, ou) for example in the accusative plural of a and o stem nouns, or in many 3 Pl verb conjugations.

==Boeotian==

In Boeotian, the vowel-system was, in many cases, changed in a way reminiscent of the modern Greek pronunciation.

  • Attic/Ionic {{lang|grc|αι}} {{IPA|/ai/}} ~ Boeotian {{lang|grc|η}} {{IPA|/eː/}} ~ Modern Greek {{lang|grc|αι}} {{IPA|/e/}}
  • Attic/Ionic {{lang|grc|ει}} {{IPA|/eː/}} ~ Boeotian {{lang|grc|ει}} {{IPA|/iː/}} ~ Modern Greek {{lang|grc|ει}} {{IPA|/i/}}
  • Attic/Ionic {{lang|grc|οι}} {{IPA|/oi/}} ~ Boeotian {{lang|grc|υ}} {{IPA|/yː/}} ~ Mediaeval Greek and Old Athenaean {{lang|grc|οι}} {{IPA|/y/}} ~ Modern Greek {{lang|grc|οι}} {{IPA|/i/}}

=Accent=

In Lesbian Aeolic, the accent of all words is recessive (barytonesis), as is typical only in the verbs of other dialects.Smyth, [http://www.ccel.org/s/smyth/grammar/html/smyth_1e_notes.htm#162D par. 162 note]: (Lesbian) Aeolic recessive accent

  • Attic/Ionic potamós ~ Lesbian pótamos "river"

Morphology

Contracted or vowel-stem verbs that are thematic in Attic/Ionic are often athematic (-mi) in Aeolic.Smyth, Greek Grammar, par. 656: contract verbs in Aeolic

  • Ionic philéō, Attic philô ~ Aeolic phílēmi "I love"

Aeolic athematic infinitive active ends in -men or (Lesbian) -menai. ~ Attic/Ionic has -enai.

  • Lesbian émmen, émmenai; Thessalian, Boeotian eîmen ~ Attic/Ionic eînai (spurious diphthong) "to be"

In the Lesbian dialect this ending also extends to the thematic conjugation, where Attic/Ionic has -ein. All three of these Aeolic endings occur in Homer.

Proto-Greek -ans and -ons → -ais and -ois (first- and second declension accusative plural) ~ Attic/Ionic -ās and -ōs (-ους).Smyth, par. 214 note 9: first declension in dialectsSmyth, par. 230 note: second declension in dialects

Dative plural -aisi and -oisi ~ Attic/Ionic -ais and -ois.

The participle has -ois and -ais for Attic -ōs (-ους), -ās.Smyth, par. 305 note

Glossary

{{confusing|glossary|date=November 2019}}

Below is a list of several words in the Aeolian dialect, written in the Greek alphabet, along with a transcription in the Latin alphabet. Each word is followed by its meaning and compared to similar words in other ancient Greek dialects. The "notes" section provides additional information, and if applicable, an etymology is given.

=Aeolian=

class="wikitable"

! Aeolian lemma !! Transcription !! Meaning !! Correspondence to other Greek dialects !! Notes

{{lang|grc|ἀέλιος}}{{LSJ|a)e/lios|āélios}}'sun'* Doric āélios
* Attic hēlios
* Cretan abelios
* Laconian bela
* Pamphylian babelios		Derives from PIE *seh₂u-el- 'sun'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=516}}
{{lang|grc|βᾶμα}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319842 bama]* Doric βᾶμα bama
* Attic βῆμα bema 'walking, step'		Per Beekes, both forms derive from root βῆ-, itself from PIE *gʷeh₂-. Corresponds to Avestan gā-man- 'step, pace'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=1289–1290}}
{{lang|grc|βελφιν}}
{{lang|grc|Βέλφοι}}		[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319793 belphin]
Belphoi		dolphin
Delphi		Attic delphisPer Beekes, βέλφινες occurs in Lesbian, while Βελφοί is Aeolic.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=313–314}}
{{lang|grc|βραδινός}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320766 bradinos]'slender, soft'Attic rhadinosAttested in Sapph. 90,104.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=1270}}
{{lang|grc|βράκος}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320814 brakos]'expensive garment'* Homeric [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2392134 ῥάκος] rhakos 'rag, shred, wrinkles, remnants'
* ϝράκος wrakos		Attested in Sapph. 70. Per Beekes, of uncertain etymology.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=1273}}
{{lang|grc|βρίζα}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2392407 briza]'root'Attic rhiza
{{lang|grc|βρόδον}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2321014 brodon]'rose'Attic ῥόδον rhodon 'rose'Possible Eastern borrowing (cf. Arm vard 'rose' < Old Iranian *u̯ṛda 'id').{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=1289–1290}} Also means vagina metaphorically in Erotic Glossary
{{lang|grc|δνόφος}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2327814 dnophos]'darkness'Also appears in Ionic; Attic {{lang|grc|ζόφος}} zophosPer Beekes, the word "recalls" zóphos, knéphas and pséphas.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=343–344}}
{{lang|grc|Ἐννησιάδες}}EnnesiadesLesbian Nymphs
{{lang|grc|ἐπιάλτης}}
ήπιάλης		[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2338868 epialtēs]
epialēs		'nightmare'Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2345762 ephialtēs]Epialtēs attested in Alcaeus. Cf. Ephialtes, one of the Aloadae.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=487}}
{{lang|grc|ἴρον}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2350094 iron]'holy'* Attic {{lang|grc|ἱερόν}} hierón
* Doric hiarón
* Ionic hirón		Derives from PIE *ish₁ro- 'holy'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=580}}
{{lang|grc|κλᾷδες}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2357655 klaides]* Doric klaides
* Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2357772 kleides] 'bars, bolts, keys'		Derives from PIE *kleh₂u- 'lock', although Beekes suggests the original meaning must have been 'nail, pin, hook', as in, instruments to lock a door.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=711–712}}
{{lang|grc|μέσσυϊ}}
{{lang|grc|μέσσος}}		messui
messos		* Attic ἐν μέσῳ 'in the middle'
* Cret./Boet. {{lang|grc|μέττος}}		Identical to Sanskrit mádhya-, Latin medius, Gothic midjis, all from PIE *médʰ-io- 'in the middle'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=935}}
{{lang|grc|πέμπε}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2380545 pempe]'five'* Attic {{lang|grc|πέντε}} pente
* Pamphylian {{lang|grc|πέ(ν)δε}} pede		From PIE *pénkʷe 'five'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=1172–1173}}{{harvnb|Scarborough|2023a|p=71}}
{{lang|grc|πέσδος}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2382690 pésdos]'pedestrian', 'infantry' (as a collective)Attic {{lang|grc|πεζός}} pezósPer Beekes, formally identical to Sanskrit pád-ya 'regarding the foot' < PIE *ped-i̯o-.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=1161}}
{{lang|grc|πέσσον}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2382703 pesson]'plain'* Attic {{lang|grc|πεδίον}} pedion 'surface, plain, field'
* Cypriot {{lang|grc|πεδίjα}} 'plain'.		From PIE *ped- 'foot'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=1160–1161}}
{{lang|grc|πέσσυρες}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23103249 pessyres]'four'* Lesbian {{lang|grc|πίσυρες}} pisyres
* Boeotian {{lang|grc|πέτταρες}} pettares
* Attic {{lang|grc|τέσσαρες}} tessares
* Doric tetores		Derives from PIE *kʷetuer- 'four'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=1471}}{{harvnb|Scarborough|2023a|p=70}}
{{lang|grc|ξέννος}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2371545 xennos]'foreigner, guest-friend, strange'Attic xenos; Ionic xeinosBeekes supposes it could be Pre-Greek.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=1034}}
{{lang|grc|στρότος}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2397151 strótos]'army, troop'Attic {{lang|grc|στρατός}} stratósPer Beekes, exact correspondence to Sanskrit str̩ta- 'thrown down', Avestan stərəta- 'spread out'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=1411–1412}}
{{lang|grc|ὔσδος}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2372144 usdos]'branch, twig, bough, offshoot'Attic ozos 'twig, branch'Derives from PIE *h₃esdo- > *Hosdo-.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=1050}}
{{lang|grc|φηρία}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23110650 phēria]'wild animal'Attic {{lang|grc|θηρία}} thēria 'beasts'Derives from PIE *ǵʰueh₁r-.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=547}}
{{lang|grc|Ψάπφω}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2393281 Psapphō]Attic {{lang|grc|Σαπφώ}} Sapphō

  • {{lang|grc|ἄγωνος}} ágōnos "struggle" (Attic {{LSJ|a)/gw{{=}}n|ἀγῶν}} agōn; Elean dat. pl. agōnois for agōsi)
  • {{lang|grc|ἀθρήματα}} {{LSJ|a)qrh/mata|athrḗmata}} gifts sent by kin to Lesbian brides (Sappho fr.) (compare Homeric [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2330693 hedna, eedna])
  • {{lang|grc|Αἰολίωνες}} Aiolíōnes "Aeolians" (Attic {{lang|grc|Αἰολεῖς}} Aioleîs) ({{LSJ|ai)oli/zw|aiolizō}} "speak Aeolic, compose in the Aeolian mode, trick out with false words" Sophocles Fr.912 ) ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%232585 aioleō] vary, adorn, diversify ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%232610 aiolos] quick-moving, glittering, shifty)
  • {{lang|grc|ἀκλάδες}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%233199 aklades] (unpruned vineyards) (Attic akladeutoi ampeloi)
  • {{lang|grc|ἀκόντιον}} akontion (part of troops) (Attic spear) (Macedonian rhachis, spine or backbone, anything ridged like the backbone)
  • {{lang|grc|ἀμένης}} -τος [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%235156 amenēs] -tos (Attic ὑμήν humēn) thin skin, membrane.
  • {{lang|grc|ἀμώνες}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057;query=entry%3D%236204;layout=;loc=a%29mwre%2Fa amōnes] (Attic ἀνεμώνες anemones
  • {{lang|grc|ἄορος}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2311153 aoros] (Attic ἄϋπνος aypnos, without sleep) Μηθυμναῖοι
  • {{lang|grc|ἄρπυς}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2315443 arpys] (Attic ἔρως Eros, Love) attested in Crinagoras, ἁρπάζειν harpazein to snatch. Homeric [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2315411 harpaleos] attractive, devouring
  • {{lang|grc|ἄσφε}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2316888 asphe] to them (Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0072%3Aentry%3D%234599 sphe], sphi)
  • {{lang|grc|βακχόα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319196 bakchoa] (Attic βόθρος bothros sacred dungeon, pit)
  • {{lang|grc|βάλλα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319266 balla] threshold (Attic {{lang|grc|βῆλος}} bēlos) (Doric balos)
  • {{lang|grc|βλῆρ}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320116 blēr] incitement (Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2323956 delear]) {{lang|grc|τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ καὶ αἶθμα. παρὰ Ἀλκαίῳ ἡ λέξις}}
  • {{lang|grc|βραδανίζω}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320765 bradanizō] brandish, shake off. (Cf.Elean bratana Common rhatane)
  • {{lang|grc|βρᾴδιον}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320767 braidion] (Attic ῥᾴδιον rhaidion easy)
  • {{lang|grc|βράκειν}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320809 brakein] to understand (dysbrakanon imprehensible)
  • {{lang|grc|βροδόπαχυς}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2321015 brodopachus] with pink, rosy forearms (Attic rhodopechys) ({{lang|grc|βροδόπαχυν}} brodopachun Sappho) and [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2321013 brododaktulos] with rosy fingers
  • {{lang|grc|βροχέως}} brocheos or βρουκέων broukeon (Attic βραχύ brachy short) (Sapph.fr. 2,7)
  • {{lang|grc|δράσειν}} drasein (Attic θύειν to sacrifice)
  • {{lang|grc|εἴδη}} eide (Attic ὕλη, forest) (εἴδη Ionian also)
  • {{lang|grc|ζάδηλον}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2346064 zadelon] with holes in it, open (Attic diadelon obvious) (Alcaeus 30 D 148P)
  • {{lang|grc|ἴμβηρις}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2350467 imbēris] eel (Attic {{lang|grc|ἔγχελυς}} enchelys) Μηθυμναῖοι
  • {{lang|grc|Ἰσσα}} Issa old name of Lesbos Island Cf. Antissa
  • {{lang|grc|ἴσσασθαι}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2351231 issasthai] (Attic {{lang|grc|κληροῦσθαι}} klerousthai to take sth by lot)
  • {{lang|grc|καγκύλη}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2351615 kankulē] (Attic {{lang|grc|κηκῖς}} kēkis wet, vapour, mordant dyeing)
  • {{lang|grc|κάμμαρψις}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2352988 kammarpsis] dry Measure (Attic {{lang|grc|ἡμιμέδιμνον}} hemimedimnon, one half of a medimnos)
  • {{lang|grc|καραβίδες}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2353252 karabides] (Attic {{lang|grc|γρᾶες}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2322811 graes]) Μηθυμναῖοι
  • {{lang|grc|καυαλέον}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2356195 kaualeon] Hsch (Attic {{lang|grc|αἶθος}} aithos fire, burning heat) (Cf.kaiō burn)
  • {{lang|grc|Mεσοστροφώνια}} Mesostrophonia Lesbian festival
  • {{lang|grc|μόλσος}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2368368 molsos] (Attic {{lang|grc|δημός}}, fat)
  • {{lang|grc|ξίμβρα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2371639 ximbra] (Attic ῥοιά rhoia pomegranate-tree) (Boeotian [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2393999 sida])
  • {{lang|grc|ὄθματα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2372159 othmata] (Attic ommata eyes)
  • {{lang|grc|ὄν}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057;query=entry%3D%236214;layout=;loc=a%29%2Fna1 ón] {{lang|grc|ὄνα}} óna (Attic {{lang|grc|ἀνά}} aná) upon, through, again (Arcadocypriot also)
  • {{lang|grc|πασσύριον}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2379955 passyrion] (Attic passydia 'totally, all together, with the whole army')
  • {{lang|grc|πεδαμείβω}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2380208 pedameivō] (Attic metameivo exchange) (πεδέχω pedecho μετέχω metecho), pedoikos metoikos [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2380200 peda] for meta
  • {{lang|grc|Πέῤῥαμος}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2382655 Perrhamos] Priamus (Alcaeus 74D, 111P (it means also king)
  • {{lang|grc|σάωμι}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23101971 saōmi] save (Attic {{lang|grc|σῴζω}} sōizō ) (Homeric {{lang|grc|σαόω}} saoō)
  • {{lang|grc|σίγλαι}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2393981 siglai] ear-rings (Attic enōtia, Laconian exōbadia)
  • {{lang|grc|σκίφος}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2371667 skiphos] Attic xiphos sword (skiptō, given as etym. of skiphos and xiphos, Sch.Il.1.220; cf. skipei: nussei, it pricks, pierces)
  • {{lang|grc|σπόλα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2396961 spóla](Attic {{lang|grc|στολή}} stolē) equipment, garment (spaleis, the sent one, for staleis)
  • {{lang|grc|σύρξ}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2393389 syrx] (Attic σάρξ flesh) (dative plural σύρκεσιν syrkesi Attic σαρξίν sarxin)
  • {{lang|grc|τενεκοῦντι}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23103073 tenekounti] (Attic enoikounti dative singular of {{lang|grc|ἐνοικῶν}} enoikōn inhabiting)
  • {{lang|grc|τράγαις}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23104452 tragais] you break, grow rough and hoarse and smell like a goat
  • {{lang|grc|τῦδε}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23105831 tude] tudai and [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23105834 tuide] here) (Ionic tēde)
  • {{lang|grc|φαυόφορος}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23110461 phauophoros] priestess (Attic {{lang|grc|ἱέρεια}} hiereia) (light-keeper) (Aeolic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23110470 phauō] for Homeric phaō shine) (Homeric phaos light, Attic phōs and phōtophoros)

==Boeotian==

class="wikitable"

! Boeotian lemma !! Transcription !! Meaning !! Correspondence to other Greek dialects !! Notes

{{lang|grc|ἄας}}
{{lang|grc|ἀεστητόν}}		[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320 aas]
aestēton		'tomorrow'Attic {{lang|grc|αὔριον}} aurioncf. Attic ēōs 'dawn'
{{lang|grc|βανά}}
{{lang|grc|βανῆκες}}		[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319305 bana]
banēkes		'woman'
'women' (pl.)		Attic gunē
Attic gunaikes		Derived from PIE *gʷḗn-h₂.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=291–292}}
{{lang|grc|Δεύς}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2324229 Deus]ZeusAlso attested in:
* Laconian Δεύς Deús
* Rhodian Δεύς Deús		Derived from PIE *Dyeus ('sky-god').{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=498}}
{{lang|grc|γάδου}}
{{lang|grc|ϝάδου}}		[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2346713 gadou]
wadou		'sweet, pleasant'* Attic {{lang|grc|ἡδύ}} hēdú 'sweet, tasteful, pleasant, pleasing'Attested in Corinna.17. Derived from PIE *sueh₂d-ú- 'sweet'.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|pp=509–510}}
{{lang|grc|κᾶρουξ}}karoux[http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=146713&bookid=13®ion=3&subregion=6 Boiotia — Orchomenos — early 1st century BC]* Attic κήρυξ kēryx 'herald, messenger'
* Doric {{lang|grc|κᾶρυξ}} káryx		Per Beekes, probably Pre-Greek.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=690}}

  • {{lang|grc|ἀμίλλακας}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%235276 amillakas] wine Theban (Attic oinos)
  • {{lang|grc|ἀνωδόρκας}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057;query=entry%3D%2310930;layout=;loc=a%29nwdi%2Fnw anōdorkas] a fish [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320968 {{lang|grc|βρίγκος}}] {{lang|grc|ὁ ἰχθῦς, ὑπὸ Θηβαίων}}
  • {{lang|grc|βαιδύμην}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319122 baidumēn] (Attic {{lang|grc|ἀροτριᾶν}} arotrian to plough)
  • {{lang|grc|βανά}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319305 bana] ({{lang|grc|βαλάρα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319247 balara]) woman (Attic gunē); {{lang|grc|βανῆκες}}, banēkes {{lang|grc|βάττικες}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319647 battikes] women ( Attic gunaikes )
  • {{lang|grc|βάστραξ}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319601 bastrax] or bastax (Attic τράχηλος trachēlos neck) pl. bastraches
  • {{lang|grc|βλεερεῖ}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320081 bleerei] (Attic οἰκτείρει he feels pity) Cf. eleairei
  • {{lang|grc|ἐμπυρία}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2334561 empyria] divination (Attic manteia) (Hsch. public oath, Koine ordeal by fire)
  • {{lang|grc|ζεκελτίδες}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2346140 zekeltides] gourdsAthenaeus Deipnosophists -[http://www.attalus.org/old/athenaeus9.html 9.369] Amerias zakeltides (Phrygian zelkia vegetables)
  • {{lang|grc|ἴδηφιν}} idephin sweet-voiced. Hsch.: {{lang|grc|ἴδηφιν ἴδαις· Βοιωτοί. [καὶ ὁ ἡδυλάλος διὰ τῆς διφθόγγου]}} (Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2346730 hēduphōnon]) ( Aeolic wad-, ad- )
  • {{lang|grc|ἰστάκη}} istake scythe (Attic {{lang|grc|δρέπανον}} drepanon)
  • {{lang|grc|ἰυγοδρομεῖν}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2351417 iugodromein] (Attic {{lang|grc|ἐκβοηθεῖν}}, ekboēthein, and boēdromein, run to help) ({{lang|grc|Ἰύγγυϊ Dionysus, ἰυγή voice, scream (Soph. Phil. 752)}})([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057;layout=;query=entry%3D%2351416;loc=i%29uggodrome%2Fw Iungios] Thessalian month)
  • {{lang|grc|ἰώ}} iō and [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057;query=entry%3D%2330658;layout=;loc=e%29gw%2Fguos hiōn] (Attic {{lang|grc|ἐγώ}} egō, I) (hiōnga iōga for egōge)
  • {{lang|grc|Καραιός}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2353262 Karaios] Boeotian epithet for Zeus meaning tall, head. Boeotian eponym Karaidas[http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=147697&bookid=13®ion=3&subregion=6 Boiotia —Anthedon]
  • {{lang|grc|κριδδέμεν}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2359942 kriddemen] (Attic {{lang|grc|γελᾶν}} gelan to laugh) (Strattis fr. 47) Cf. (Cf.Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2359944 krizō] creak, screech)
  • {{lang|grc|κόριλλα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2359114 korilla] little girl (Koine korasion from Attic korasis girl) (Aetolian korudion)
  • {{lang|grc|μηλάτας}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2367373 mēlatas] (Attic {{lang|grc|ποιμήν}} poimen shepherd) (homeric {{lang|grc|μῆλον}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2367423 mēlon] sheep) (Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2367424 mēlon] apple, Aeolic-Doric malon)
  • {{lang|grc|μνάριον}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2368160 mnarion] (Attic {{lang|grc|κάλλυντρον}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2352780 kallyntron] broom, brush)
  • {{lang|grc|ὀπισθοτίλα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2374502 opisthotila] (Attic {{lang|grc|σηπία}} sēpia cuttlefish) (Strattis. fr. 47,3) (squirts its liquor from behind)
  • {{lang|grc|ὀπίττομαι}} opittomai (homeric [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2374448 opizomai] I care, respect) (Laconian opiddomai)
  • {{lang|grc|ὀφρυγνᾷ}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2376173 ophrygnai] (Attic {{lang|grc|ὀφρυάζει}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2376170 ophryazei] he winks raising the eyebrow, is haughty)
  • {{lang|grc|σεῖα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2393543 seia] I persecuted (Attic {{lang|grc|ἐδίωξα}} edioxa) (Cf.Homeric [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2393543 seuō] move quickly, chase)
  • {{lang|grc|συοβοιωτοί}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23101197 syoboiōtoi] Hog-Boeotians (Cratinus.310)
  • {{lang|grc|τρίπεζα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23105122 tripeza] (Attic trapeza, table)(from [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23103476 tetrapeza] four-footed) (tripeza three-footed) (in Aeolic it would-be tripesda)
  • {{lang|grc|ψώσματα}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23116023 psōsmata] Boeotian word

==Thessalian==

class="wikitable"

! Thessalian lemma !! Transcription !! Meaning !! Correspondence to other Greek dialects !! Notes

{{lang|grc|Ἄπλουν}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2312220 Aploun]Apollo (Olympic deity; brother to Artemis)* Attic {{lang|grc|Ἀπόλλων}} Apollōn
* Doric/Pamphylian {{lang|grc|Ἀπέλο̄ν}} Apelon		{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=118}}
{{lang|grc|δάμοσσος}}dámossospublicAttic dēmósiosSee iddioûstikos below.
{{lang|grc|δέσποινα}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2324194 despoina]'woman'Feminine form of despotes. In Attic gunē, in Doric guna mean 'woman'. See also Despoina.
{{lang|grc|ἰδδιούστικος}}iddioûstikosprivativeAttic idiōtikósSelected Papers in Greek and Near Eastern History [https://books.google.com/books?id=V_w5AaqqiGAC&pg=PA67] by David Malcolm Lewis, Peter John RhodesSkotoussa — 197-185 BC [http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=297142&bookid=172®ion=3&subregion=9 SEG 43:311]
{{lang|grc|κίς}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23104052 kis]'who, anyone'* Attic tis
* Laconian tir
* Arcadocypriot sis		Derived from PIE *kʷi- (interrogative/relative pronoun).{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=1487}}
{{lang|grc|κῦῤῥος}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2361057 kyrrhos] or kyrros'sir, master'Attic kyrios
{{lang|grc|Μακετοὺν}}MaketounThessalia — Larisa — 220-210 BC - [http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=296320&bookid=172®ion=3&subregion=9 SEG 27:202]'Macedonian man'Attic {{lang|grc|Μακεδών}} Makedōn 'id'Thessalian suffix {{lang|grc
ουν}} '-oun' parallels Attic suffix {{lang|grc|ων}} ōn in both nominative and genitive of participles, pronouns and nouns.
{{lang|grc|ματτύη}}[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2365254 mattuē]a meat-dessert of Macedonian or Thessalian origin (in Athenaeus)[http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/Literature/Literature-idx?type=turn&entity=Literature.AthV3.p0247&isize=XL&pview=hide Deipnosophists 14.663-4 (pp.1059-1062)]Cf. Macedonian mattuēs 'a kind of bird'.
{{lang|grc|Πέτθαλος}}
{{lang|grc|Πεθθάλειος}}		[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2348552 Pétthalos]'Thessalian man'* Boeotian {{lang|grc|Φέτταλος}} Phéttalos
* Attic {{lang|grc|Θετταλός}} Thettalós
* Ionic/Koine {{lang|grc|Θεσσαλός}} Thessalós 'id'		{{harvnb|Scarborough|2023a|p=76}} Per Beekes, a Pre-Greek word derived from *Kʷettʸal-.{{harvnb|Beekes|2009|p=544}}

  • {{lang|grc|ἀβρεμής}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23160 abremēs] (Attic {{lang|grc|ἀβλεπής}} ablepēs {{lang|grc|ἀνάξιος του βλέπεσθαι}} unworthy seeing, despicable (Cypriotic also) (Hes. text {{lang|grc|ἀβλεπής Κύπριοι καὶ Θετταλοί}}
  • {{lang|grc|ἀγορά}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23762 agora] (Attic {{lang|grc|λιμήν}} limen port, harbour) (Hes. text {{lang|grc|Θετταλοὶ δὲ καὶ τὸν λιμένα ἀγορὰν καλοῦσιν Κρῆτες δὲ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν}}
  • {{lang|grc|ἀλφινία}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%234767 alphinia] white poplar (PIE *albho- 'white') (Attic leukē, PIE *leuk- 'bright, light') (Macedonian aliza)
  • {{lang|grc|ἀσπάλεια}} aspaleia safeness (Attic asphaleia)Krannon — c. 250 - 215 BC [http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=296187&bookid=172®ion=3&subregion=9 SEG 23:437], 7
  • {{lang|grc|ἀστραλός}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2316597 astralos] (Attic ψάρ -ος psar Starling)
  • {{lang|grc|βεβυκῶσθαι}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319747 bebukousthai] to be swollen (Homeric {{lang|grc|βυκτάων}} buktaon blowing)
  • {{lang|grc|βουσία}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320678 bousia] (Attic γογγυλίδι gongylidi turnip)
  • {{lang|grc|δάρατος}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2323463 daratos] Thessalian bread (Macedonian dramis) (Athamanian dramix) (PIE *der- 'cut, split')
  • {{lang|grc|ἔνορμος}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2335974 enormos] (agora, assembly, market and chōra) (Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2335969 enormeō] get in a harbour, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2375183 hormos] bay, anchorage
  • {{lang|grc|ἐρέας}} ereas children (Hsch.Attic {{lang|grc|τέκνα}} tekna) (Homeric [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2342641 ernos] young sprout, scion) (Neo-Phrygian eiroi children)
  • {{lang|grc|θεανῶσται}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2347964 theanoustai] (Attic {{lang|grc|ξυστῆρες}} xysters)
  • {{lang|grc|ἰθείη}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2350180 itheiē] (Attic {{lang|grc|ἁμαξιτός}} hamaxitos chariot-road) (Homeric {{lang|grc|ἰθεῖα ὀρθή}} Ψ 580) (Attic ithys, eytheia straight line)
  • {{lang|grc|ἴμψας}} impsas past participle of impto (Attic ζεύξας zeuxas zeugnymi join together) (Ἴμψιος Impsios Ποσειδῶν ὁ ζύγιος Poseidon Zygius on horses)
  • {{lang|grc|κάλαφος}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2352563 kalaphos] (Attic ἀσκάλαφος, Ascalaphus a bird (Magnesian)
  • {{lang|grc|καπάνη}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2353140 kapanē] chariot (Attic {{lang|grc|ἀπήνη}} apēnē) also, a helmet([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2353142 kapanikos] plenteous
  • {{lang|grc|καρπαία}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2353399 karpaia] Thessalo-Macedonian mimic military dance (see also Carpaea) Homeric [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2353400 karpalimos] swift (for foot) eager, ravenous.
  • {{lang|grc|νεαλεῖς}} nealeis new-comers, newly caught ones (Cf. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2369939 nealeis], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0058%3Aentry%3D%2321962 neēludes])
  • {{lang|grc|νεβεύω}}Magnesia — Demetrias — late 2nd century BC [http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/main?url=oi%3Fikey%3D297154%26bookid%3D172%26region%3D3%26subregion%3D9] nebeuō pray (Macedonian neuō) (Attic euchomai, neuō 'wink')
  • {{lang|grc|ὀνάλα}} onala, {{lang|grc|ὀνάλουμα}} onalouma (Attic [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%236953 analōma] expense cost) (on- in the place of Attic prefix ana-, ongrapsantas SEG 27:202
  • {{lang|grc|Πετθαλια}} Petthalia 'Thessalia'; Petthaloi 'Thessalians'; Koine thessalisti 'the Thessalian way'. Cf. Attic {{lang|grc|ἐντεθετταλίζομαι}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2335587 entethettalizomai] become a Thessalian, i.e. wear the large Thessalian cloak (Thettalika ptera feathers), Eupolis.201.)
  • {{lang|grc|ταγεύω}} [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23102153 tageuō] to be tagos archon in Thessaly {{lang|grc|ταγευόντουν τοῦμ Πετθαλοῦν}}

See also

Footnotes

{{Reflist}}

General references

  • {{cite book |last=Beekes |first=Robert S. P. |title=Etymological Dictionary of Greek |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |year=2009 |isbn=978-90-04-17418-4}}
  • {{cite book |last=Scarborough |first=Matthew |chapter=The Core Aeolic Isoglosses |title=The Aeolic Dialects of Ancient Greek |location=Leiden, The Netherlands |publisher=Brill |date=2023a |pages=60–129 |doi=10.1163/9789004543713_004 |isbn=978-90-04-54371-3}}

Further reading

{{Library resources box |by=no |onlinebooks=yes |author=yes |about=yes |label=Aeolic Greek

|viaf= |lccn= |lcheading= |wikititle= }}

{{refbegin}}

=General studies=

  • {{cite book |last=Adrados |first=Francisco Rodríguez |chapter=The Specific Literary Languages: Lesbian, Boeotian and Syracusan |title=A History of the Greek Language |location=Leiden, The Netherlands |publisher=Brill |date=2005 |pages=118–125 |doi=10.1163/9789047415596_009 |isbn=978-90-474-1559-6}}
  • Bakker, Egbert J., ed. 2010. A companion to the Ancient Greek language. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • {{cite book |last=Beek |first=Lucien van |chapter=Greek |title=The Indo-European Language Family |editor=Thomas Olander |pages=173–201 |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=2022 |doi=10.1017/9781108758666.011 |isbn=978-1-108-75866-6}}
  • Colvin, Stephen C. 2007. A historical Greek reader: Mycenaean to the koiné. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • {{cite book |last=Dosuna |first=J. Mendes |chapter=The Aeolic dialects |editor-last=Christidis |editor-first=Anastasios-Phoivos |date=2007 |title=A history of Ancient Greek: From the beginnings to Late Antiquity |location=Cambridge, UK |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=460–474 |isbn=9780521833073}}
  • {{cite book |last=Miller |first=D. Gary |chapter=4. Greece, Greek, and Its Dialects |title=Ancient Greek Dialects and Early Authors: Introduction to the Dialect Mixture in Homer, with Notes on Lyric and Herodotus |pages=25–33 |location=Berlin, Boston |publisher=De Gruyter |date=2014 |doi=10.1515/9781614512950.25 |isbn=978-1-61451-493-0}}
  • Horrocks, Geoffrey. 2010. Greek: A history of the language and its speakers. 2nd ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • {{cite book |last=Scarborough |first=Matthew |chapter=The Problem of Aeolic in Ancient Greek Dialectology |title=The Aeolic Dialects of Ancient Greek |location=Leiden, The Netherlands |publisher=Brill |date=2023 |pages=1–39 |doi=10.1163/9789004543713_002 |isbn=978-90-04-54371-3}}
  • {{cite book |last=Scarborough |first=Matthew |chapter=The Peripheral Aeolic Isoglosses |title=The Aeolic Dialects of Ancient Greek |location=Leiden, The Netherlands |publisher=Brill |date=2023b |pages=130–211 |doi=10.1163/9789004543713_005 |isbn=978-90-04-54371-3}}
  • Palmer, Leonard R. 1980. The Greek language. London: Faber & Faber.

=On the Boeotian dialect=

  • {{Cite journal |last=Buck |first=R. J. |date=1968 |title=The Aeolic Dialect in Boeotia |journal=Classical Philology |volume=63 |issue=4 |pages=268–280 |doi=10.1086/365411}}
  • {{cite book |last=Miller |first=D. Gary |chapter=19. Boeotian and Thessalian |title=Ancient Greek Dialects and Early Authors: Introduction to the Dialect Mixture in Homer, with Notes on Lyric and Herodotus |pages=219–233 |location=Berlin, Boston |publisher=De Gruyter |date=2014 |doi=10.1515/9781614512950.219 |isbn=978-1-61451-493-0}}
  • Pantelidis, Nikolaos. "Boeotian and its Neighbors: A Central Helladic Dialect Continuum?" In: Studies in Ancient Greek Dialects: From Central Greece to the Black Sea. Edited by Georgios Giannakis, Emilio Crespo and Panagiotis Filos. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2018. pp. 167–188. {{doi|10.1515/9783110532135-010}}
  • Page, Denis L. 1953. Corinna. London: Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies.
  • West, Martin L. 1990. "Dating Corinna." Classical Quarterly 40 (2): 553–57.

=On the Lesbian dialect=

  • Bowie, Angus M. 1981. The poetic dialect of Sappho and Alcaeus. New York: Arno.
  • Finkelberg, Margalit. "Lesbian and Mainland Greece". In: Studies in Ancient Greek Dialects: From Central Greece to the Black Sea. Edited by Georgios Giannakis, Emilio Crespo and Panagiotis Filos. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2018. pp. 447–456. {{doi|10.1515/9783110532135-023}}
  • {{cite book |first=René |last=Hodot |chapter=Lesbian, in Space, Time, and its Uses |title=Studies in Ancient Greek Dialects: From Central Greece to the Black Sea |editor1=Georgios Giannakis |editor2=Emilio Crespo |editor3=Panagiotis Filos |location=Berlin, Boston |publisher=De Gruyter |date=2018 |pages=457–470 |doi=10.1515/9783110532135-024}}
  • {{cite book |last=Miller |first=D. Gary |chapter=20. Lesbian |title=Ancient Greek Dialects and Early Authors: Introduction to the Dialect Mixture in Homer, with Notes on Lyric and Herodotus |pages=234–254 |location=Berlin, Boston |publisher=De Gruyter |date=2014 |doi=10.1515/9781614512950.234 |isbn=978-1-61451-493-0}}
  • {{Cite book |last=Tribulato |first=Olga |chapter=Sappho’s Dialect |title=The Cambridge Companion to Sappho |editor1=P. J. Finglass |editor2=Adrian Kelly |pages=135–46 |series=Cambridge Companions to Literature |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=2021 |doi=10.1017/9781316986974.011 |isbn=978-1-316-98697-4}}

=On the Thessalian dialect=

  • {{cite journal |last=Chadwick |first=John |title=The Thessalian Accent |journal=Glotta |volume=70 |issue=1/2 |date=1992 |pages=2–14 |jstor=40266905}} Accessed 23 Mar. 2024.
  • Helly, Bruno. "Some Materials for a Historical Grammar of the Thessalian Dialect". In: Studies in Ancient Greek Dialects: From Central Greece to the Black Sea. Edited by Georgios Giannakis, Emilio Crespo and Panagiotis Filos. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2018. pp. 351–374. {{doi|10.1515/9783110532135-018}}
  • {{cite book |last=Miller |first=D. Gary |chapter=19. Boeotian and Thessalian |title=Ancient Greek Dialects and Early Authors: Introduction to the Dialect Mixture in Homer, with Notes on Lyric and Herodotus |pages=219–233 |location=Berlin, Boston |publisher=De Gruyter |date=2014 |doi=10.1515/9781614512950.219 |isbn=978-1-61451-493-0}}

{{refend}}

{{Ancient Greece topics}}

{{Greek language}}

{{Greek language periods}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Varieties of Ancient Greek

Category:Languages of ancient Thessaly

Category:Culture of ancient Thessaly

Greek

Category:Languages attested from the 8th century BC

Category:Languages extinct in the 3rd century BC