African pied wagtail

file:African Pied Wagtail, Motacilla aguimp in Kruger National Park (13850606964).jpg

A striking black and white wagtail with black upperparts contrasting with white underparts, it has a white supercilium and a white patch in the folded wing. Juvenile birds are greyer, while birds of the nominate subspecies show grey flanks. They are {{convert|20|cm|in|abbr=on}} long.{{cite book | last1 = Sinclair | first1 = Ian | last2 = Ryan | first2 = Peter | year = 2003 | title = Birds of Africa south of the Sahara | publisher = Struik | page = 364 | isbn = 978-1-8687-2857-2}}

The African pied wagtail is found in sub-Saharan Africa from the Eastern Cape north to extreme southern Egypt and from Guinea to western Eritrea and Somalia. It is a vagrant to Burkina Faso, Gambia, Mauritania, and the Western Cape.{{cite web | url = http://sabap2.adu.org.za/docs/sabap1/711.pdf | title = African Pied Wagtail Bontwikkie Motacilla agiump |access-date=22 October 2016 | publisher = Animal Demography Unit|work = The Atlas of Southern African Birds}}

The African pied wagtail inhabits subtropical or tropical, seasonally wet or flooded, lowland grassland, rivers, and sometimes freshwater marshes.{{cite web | url = https://www.beautyofbirds.com/africanpiedwagtails.html | title = African pied wagtail | access-date = 22 October 2016 | publisher = Beauty of Birds | archive-date = 22 October 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161022220914/https://www.beautyofbirds.com/africanpiedwagtails.html | url-status = dead }} In some areas, it is commensal with humans in towns and villages.

In Malawi, African pied wagtails start breeding before the rains and continue to breed into the rainy season; they breed during six months, peaking in March and October. Both the males and females participate in nest building, but only the females incubate, and both sexes feed the young. The mean clutch in Malawi was found to be 3.9 eggs.{{cite journal | last1 = Nhlane | first1 = M.E.D. | year = 1990 | title = Breeding biology of the African Pied Wagtail Motacilla aguimp in Blantyre, Malaŵi (abstract)| journal = Ostrich | volume = 61 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 1–4 | doi=10.1080/00306525.1990.9633929}}

The African pied wagtail is monogamous; the cup-shaped nest is lined with grass and feathers and is usually situated near water in a convenient tangle of sticks. In settlements, the nest may be located on buildings. The nests of the African pied wagtail are parasitised by the red-chested cuckoo Cuculus solitarius and the diderick cuckoo Chrysococcyx caprius.{{cite web | url = http://www.wilkinsonsworld.com/2010/10/10/bird-of-the-week-week-40-african-pied-wagtail/ | title = Bird of the week – Week 40 : African pied wagtail | date = 10 October 2010 | access-date = 22 October 2016 | publisher = Wordpress}} The chicks have been recorded as prey of Burchell's coucal Centropus burchellii.{{cite web |url=http://www.biodiversityexplorer.org/birds/motacillidae/motacilla_aguimp.htm

|title=Motacilla aguimp (African pied wagtail) |access-date=22 October 2016 |publisher=Iziko Museums of South Africa

|url-status=dead |archive-date=3 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003102317/http://www.biodiversityexplorer.org/birds/motacillidae/motacilla_aguimp.htm

}}

The African pied wagtail is mainly insectivorous, but also feeds on other invertebrates, grass seeds, tadpoles, small fish, and scraps of human food.

The scientific binomial for the African pied wagtail is Motacilla aguimp; Motacilla, the name of the genus containing all but the forest wagtail of Asia, is from the Latin for a "little mover", while the specific name aguimp is the native name of the species "Les Namaquois les appellent a-guimp, nom composé de deux syllabes précédées chacune d'un clappement de langue, et qui signifie coureur de grève" ("The Namaquois call them a-guimp, a name made up of two syllables each preceded by a click of the tongue, and which means shore runner").{{cite web | url = https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/23049915 | title = Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles 21: 266 | date = 1821 | access-date = 21 April 2024 | publisher = F. G. Levrault}}

Among the wagtails, the African pied wagtail is most similar in appearance to the recently discovered Mekong wagtail, and genetic evidence suggests that the two are each other's closest relatives and are each just as related to other black-and-white wagtails such as the white wagtail M. alba complex or the white-browed wagtail M. maderaspatensis.{{cite web | url = http://orientalbirdclub.org/mekong-wagtail/| title = Mekong Wagtail | access-date = 22 October 2016 | publisher = Oriental Bird Club}}

Two subspecies of the African pied wagtail are recognised:{{cite web | url = http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CE7D41A6447BCC86&sec=summary | title = African Pied Wagtail Motacilla aguimp Temminck, 1820 | access-date = 22 October 2016 | publisher = Denis Lepage}}

• M. a. aguimp – the Northern Cape and Free State provinces in western South Africa, and along the Gariep River from southernmost Lesotho to southernmost Namibia
• M. a. vidua – the remainder of its range

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• African pied wagtail - [http://sabap2.adu.org.za/docs/sabap1/711.pdf Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds].

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African pied wagtail

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Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot