Agop Batu Tulug Caves
{{Short description|Caves in Sabah, Malaysia}}
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{{Infobox cave
| name = Agop Batu Tulug Caves
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| photo = BatuPutih Sabah AgopBatuTulug-01.jpg
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| photo_caption = The limestone cliffs seen from outside which also the main gate to the caves.
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| discovery = 1984
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Agop Batu Tulug Caves is an archaeological site in the Malaysian state of Sabah and refers to a group of several caves in a steep limestone cliffs in the Kinabatangan district.
Etymology
The name combines words from three languages: agop in Sungai language means "cave", batu is the Malay word for "rock", while {{lang|ceb|tulug}} comes from the Cebuano language (carrying the same meaning as in the Sungai language) where it means "to go to sleep"{{cite encyclopedia|title=túlug|last=Wolff|first=John U.|encyclopedia=A Dictionary of Cebuano Visayan|year=1972|url=http://seapdatapapers.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=seap&cc=seap&idno=seap085b&node=seap085b%3A11&view=image&seq=522&size=200|page=1052|volume=2}} referring to the resting place of the dead.{{cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/node/50345|title=125 keranda purba dikaitkan dengan Orang Sungai|trans-title=125 ancient coffins are related to Orang Sungai|author=Poliana Ronnie Sidom|language=ms|publisher=Berita Harian|date=28 April 2015|access-date=22 October 2017}}
History
File:BatuPutih Sabah AgopBatuTulug-14.jpg
File:BatuPutih Sabah AgopBatuTulug-15.jpg
The caves were used 500 to 900 years ago as a burial place with about 125 carved wooden coffins inside.{{cite web|url=http://www.museum.sabah.gov.my/?q=content/museum-agop-batu-tulug-kinabatangan|title=Museum Agop Batu Tulug, Kinabatangan|publisher=Sabah Museum|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022133140/http://www.museum.sabah.gov.my/?q=content%2Fmuseum-agop-batu-tulug-kinabatangan|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}} It was divided into three main caves: Agop Sawat (upper cave), Agop Lintanga (middle cave) and Agop Suriba (lower cave). The caves at Agop Sawat and Lintanga contained more than 125 ancient log coffins. All coffins inside the caves were made from belian (Eusideroxylon zwageri) hardwood, and decorated with carvings of buffalo head, crocodile, house lizard and snake.{{cite web|url=http://www.heritage.gov.my/ms/konservasi/konservasi-tapak-warisan/pusat-kawalan-kusta-negara?id=117|title=Agop Batu Tulug, Kinabatangan, Sabah (900 Tahun)|trans-title=Agop Batu Tulug, Kinabatangan, Sabah (900 Years)|language=ms|publisher=Department of National Heritage, Malaysia|date=24 May 2016|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022133956/http://www.heritage.gov.my/ms/konservasi/konservasi-tapak-warisan/pusat-kawalan-kusta-negara?id=117|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=dead}}
The carvings reflect the myths and legends of the Kinabatangan people. For example, a crocodile is related to death and the power darkness, while the bugang bird, dog, rooster and deer were friends of their heroes. The coffins resemble different animals associated to the beliefs of the Orang Sungai but it has also been suggested that they are the coffins of the Chinese who once settled in the area, because Chinese artifacts were found among the remains.{{cite web|url=http://www.newsabahtimes.com.my/nstweb/fullstory/9939|title=Intriguing resting place|author=Rozella Mahjhrin|publisher=New Sabah Times|date=30 September 2016|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022140719/http://www.newsabahtimes.com.my/nstweb/fullstory/9939|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=dead}}
It is believed that this type of funeral culture was brought by traders from mainland China and Indochina to northern Borneo, since similar wooden coffins were also discovered in these countries. Researchers assumes that about 2,000 such wooden coffins are distributed in the Kinabatangan Valley. Other sites are located in Ulu Segama, Lahad Datu and Tawau.{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2007/04/10/coffins-dating-back-1000-years-are-found-in-the-kinabatangan-valley/|title=Coffins dating back 1,000 years are found in the Kinabatangan Valley|author=Haslin Gaffor|work=Bernama|publisher=The Star|date=10 April 2007|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022141115/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2007/04/10/coffins-dating-back-1000-years-are-found-in-the-kinabatangan-valley/|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=dead}}
The cave was discovered in 1984 through an expedition led by P Brietag, the manager of tobacco estate in Batu Putih of Kinabatangan together with researcher Barbara Harrisson of Sarawak State Museum, along with staff from the Sabah Museum. Since 6 July 1996, the caves have been part of the Sabah Museum, responsible for maintenance and upkeep of the ancillary facilities such as toilets, staircase buildings, office buildings and overnight cabins, not to include the scientific support of the caves.
References
External links
{{Commons category}}
- [http://www.etawau.com/Geography/Sabah/5_TawauDivision/LahadDatu/BatuTulug_Museum.htm Batu Tulug Museum] on etawau.com
{{Geography of Sabah}}
{{Malaysian historical architectures and sites}}
{{Museums of Malaysia}}
Category:Archaeological sites in Malaysia