Agrobacterium radiobacter

{{Short description|Species of bacterium}}

{{italic title}}

{{Speciesbox

| genus = Agrobacterium

| species = radiobacter

| authority = (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Conn 1942 (Approved Lists 1980)

| type_strain =ATCC 19358{{cite journal |last1=Arahal |first1=David R. |last2=Bull |first2=Carolee T. |last3=Busse |first3=Hans-Jürgen |last4=Christensen |first4=Henrik |last5=Chuvochina |first5=Maria |last6=Dedysh |first6=Svetlana N. |last7=Fournier |first7=Pierre-Edouard |last8=Konstantinidis |first8=Konstantinos T. |last9=Parker |first9=Charles T. |last10=Rossello-Mora |first10=Ramon |last11=Ventosa |first11=Antonio |last12=Göker |first12=Markus |title=Judicial Opinions 123–127 |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |url=https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.005708 |date=27 April 2023 |volume=72 |issue=12 |doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.005708|pmid=36748499 |hdl=10261/295959 |hdl-access=free }}{{efn|also known as: CIP 104325; DSM 30147; HAMBI 1814; IAM 12048; ICMP 5785; IFO 13532; JCM 20371; LMG 140; NBRC 13532; NCCB 27005; NCIB 9042; NCIMB 9042; NCPPB 3001{{cite web |title=Species: Agrobacterium radiobacter |url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/agrobacterium-radiobacter |website=lpsn.dsmz.de |language=en}}}}

}}

Agrobacterium radiobacter is the type species of the genus Agrobacterium, a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that cause tumors in plants. It was incorrectly synonymized with Agrobacterium tumefaciens until 2022. This species is widely found in soil, in plant rhizospheres, and in human clinical specimens. Some members such as B6 harbor a tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid and cause crown gall disease in plants. The type strain ATCC 19358 does not carry such a plasmid and is nonpathogenic.{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Linshuang |last2=Li |first2=Xiangyang |last3=Zhang |first3=Feng |last4=Wang |first4=Gejiao |title=Genomic analysis of Agrobacterium radiobacter DSM 30147T and emended description of A. radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Conn 1942 (Aproved Lists 1980) emend. Sawada et al. 1993 |journal=Standards in Genomic Sciences |date=2 January 2014 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=574–584 |doi=10.4056/sigs.4688352|doi-access=free|pmid=25197445 |pmc=4149017 }}

The incorrect synonimization with A. tumefaciens was due to a strain B6 (ATCC 23308) being assigned as the type strain of A. tumefaciens in 1980, when B6 should be classified as A. radiobacter. One consequence is that this B6 strain is very well-studied in the lab.{{cite web |last1=Podstawka |first1=Adam |title=Agrobacterium radiobacter B 6, B6 {{!}} DSM 30205, ATCC 23308, CCM 1040, CIP B6, DSM 60574, ICPB TT 3, NBRC 102589, NCPPB 397, CCUG 725, CIP 67.1, LMG 187, IAM 13129, JCM 20845, CCEB 758, HAMBI 1811, ICMP 5856, ICPB TT3, LMG 28, NCPPB 2437, NCTC 13543 {{!}} BacDiveID:13584 |url=https://bacdive.dsmz.de/strain/13584 |website=bacdive.dsmz.de |language=en}} Another consequence is that research done on "A. tumefaciens" between 1980 and 2022 are possibly describing A. radiobacter instead. To determine the actual species, one should look up the 16S or genomic sequences of the strain used in the study.