Al-Falaq

This surah and the 114th (and last) surah in the Qur'an, an-Nās, are collectively referred to as al-Mu'awwidhatayn, "the Refuges", as both begin with "I seek refuge"; an-Nās tells to seek Allah for refuge from the evil from within, while al-Falaq tells to seek Allah for refuge from the evil from outside, so reading both of them would protect a person from his own mischief and the mischief of others.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which indicates a revelation in Mecca rather than in Medina. Early Muslims were persecuted in Mecca where Muhammed was not a leader, and not persecuted in Medina, where he was a protected leader.

The word "al-Falaq" in the first verse, a generic term referring to the process of 'splitting', has been restricted in most translations to one particular type of splitting, namely 'daybreak' or 'dawn'.{{cite book|editor-last=Leaman|editor-first=Oliver|title=The Qur'an : an encyclopedia|year=2008|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-32639-1|edition=Reprinted.|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/quranencyclopedi2006unse}}

Verse 4 refers to one of the soothsayer's techniques: partially tying a knot, uttering a curse, spitting into the knot and pulling it tight. In the pre-Islamic period, soothsayers claimed the power to cause various illnesses. According to soothsayers the knot had to be found and untied before the curse could be lifted. This practice is condemned in verse 4.{{cite book|last=Newby|first=Gordon D.|title=A concise encyclopedia of Islam|year=2002|publisher=Oneworld|isbn=1-85168-295-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope00newb}}

File:Chapter 113, Al-Falaq (Mujawwad) - Recitation of the Holy Qur'an.mp3]]

• Hafs from Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud

{{script/Arabic| بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ۝}}

{{lang|ar-Latn|Bismi l-lāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm(i)}}

{{Script/Arabic|قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ ٱلْفَلَقِ ۝١}}

¹ {{lang|ar-Latn|Qul ’a‘ūdhu birabbi l-falaq(i)}}

{{Script/Arabic|مِن شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ ۝٢}}

² {{lang|ar-Latn|Min sharri mā khalaq(a)}}

{{Script/Arabic|وَمِن شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَبَ ۝٣}}

³ {{lang|ar-Latn|Wamin sharri ghāsiqin ’idhā waqab(a)}}

{{Script/Arabic|وَمِن شَرِّ ٱلنَّفَّـٰـثَــٰتِ فِى ٱلْعُقَدِ ۝٤}}

⁴ {{lang|ar-Latn|Wamin sharrin n-naffāthāti fi l-‘uqad(i)}}

{{Script/Arabic|وَمِن شَرِّ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَدَ ۝٥}}

⁵ {{lang|ar-Latn|Wamin sharri ḥāsidin idhā ḥasad(a)}}

• Warsh from Nafi‘ al-Madani

{{script/Arabic|بِسۡمِ اِ۬للَّهِ اِ۬لرَّحۡمَـٰنِ اِ۬لرَّحِيمِ ۝}}

{{lang|ar-Latn|Bismi l-lāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm(i)}}

{{Script/Arabic|قُ{{color|magenta|لَ اَ}}عُوذُ بِرَبِّ اِ۬لۡفَلَقِ ۝١}}

¹ {{lang|ar-Latn|Qu{{color|magenta|la}} ‘ūdhu birabbi l-falaq(i)}}

{{Script/Arabic|مِن شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ ۝٢}}

² {{lang|ar-Latn|Min sharri mā khalaq(a)}}

{{Script/Arabic|وَمِن شَرِّ غَاسِ{{color|magenta|قٍ اِ}}ذَا وَقَبَ ۝٣}}

³ {{lang|ar-Latn|Wamin sharri ghāsi{{color|magenta|qin i}}dhā waqab(a)}}

{{Script/Arabic|وَمِن شَرِّ اِ۬لنَّفَّـٰـثَــٰتِ فِي اِ۬لۡعُقَدِ ۝٤}}

⁴ {{lang|ar-Latn|Wamin sharrin n-naffāthāti fi l-‘uqad(i)}}

{{Script/Arabic|وَمِن شَرِّ حَاسِ{{color|magenta|دٍ اِ}}ذَا حَسَدَ ۝٥}}

⁵ {{lang|ar-Latn|Wamin sharri ḥāsi{{color|magenta|din i}}dhā ḥasad(a)}}

{{Verse||1|tomato}}

Say: "I seek refuge with (Allah) the Lord of the daybreak,

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"From the evil of what He has created;

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"And from the evil of the darkening (night) as it comes with its darkness; (or the moon as it sets or goes away).

{{Verse||4|tomato}}

"And from the evil of the witchcrafts when they blow in the knots,

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"And from the evil of the envier when he envies."

{{right|Translation: Noble Quran, 1990}}

{{Verse||1|green}}

Say, "I seek refuge in the Lord of daybreak

{{Verse||2|green}}

From the evil of that which He created

{{Verse||3|green}}

And from the evil of darkness when it settles

{{Verse||4|green}}

And from the evil of the blowers in knots

{{Verse||5|green}}

And from the evil of an envier when he envies."

{{right|Translation: Saheeh International, 1997}}

{{Verse||1|blue}}

Say: I seek refuge with the Lord of the Dawn

{{Verse||2|blue}}

From the mischief of created things;

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From the mischief of Darkness as it overspreads;

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From the mischief of those who practise secret arts;

{{Verse||5|blue}}

And from the mischief of the envious one as he practises envy.

{{right|Translation: Yusuf Ali, 1934}}

{{Verse||1|magenta}}

Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the Daybreak

{{Verse||2|magenta}}

From the evil of that which He created;

{{Verse||3|magenta}}

From the evil of the darkness when it is intense,

{{Verse||4|magenta}}

And from the evil of malignant witchcraft,

{{Verse||5|magenta}}

And from the evil of the envier when he envieth.

{{right|Translation: Pickthall, 1930}}

The first and foremost exegesis/tafsir of the Qur'an is found in hadith of Muhammad.Şatibi, El-muvafakat Although scholars including ibn Taymiyyah claim that Muhammad has commented on the whole of the Qur'an, others including Ghazali cite the limited amount of narratives, thus indicating that he has commented only on a portion of the Qur'an.Muhsin Demirci, Tefsir Usulü, 120 Ḥadīth (حديث) is literally "speech" or "report", that is a recorded saying or tradition of Muhammad validated by isnad; with Sirah Rasul Allah these comprise the sunnah and reveal shariah. According to Aishah,Grade : Sahih (Al-Albani) صحيح (الألباني) حكم :

Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 1342

In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 93

English translation : Book 5, Hadith 1337Al-Adab Al-Mufrad » Dealings with people and good character - كتاب

English reference : Book 14, Hadith 308

Arabic reference : Book 1, Hadith 308 the life of Muhammad was practical implementation of Qur'an.Sahih Al- Jami' AI-Saghir, No.4811Sunan Ibn Majah 2333

In-book reference : Book 13, Hadith 26

English translation : Vol. 3, Book 13, Hadith 2333Grade : Sahih (Darussalam)

Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 1601

In-book reference : Book 20, Hadith 4

English translation : Vol. 2, Book 20, Hadith 1602 Therefore, higher count of hadith elevates the importance of the pertinent surah from a certain perspective. This surah was held in special esteem in hadith, which can be observed by these related narratives. According to hadith, Muhammad used to recite this surah before sleeping every night.

• Abu 'Abdullah narrated that Ibn 'Abis Al-Juhani told him that: The Messenger of God [SAW] said to him: "O Ibn 'Abis, shall I not tell you of the best thing with which those who seek refuge with Allah may do so?" He said: "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." He said: "Say: I seek refuge with (Allah) the Lord of the daybreak." (Al-Falaq), "Say: I seek refuge with (Allah) the Lord of mankind." (Al-Nas) - these two Surahs."Sunan an-Nasa'i 5432

In-book reference : Book 50, Hadith 5

English translation : Vol. 6, Book 50, Hadith 5434Sunan Abi Dawud 1462

In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 47

English translation : Book 8, Hadith 1457Sunan an-Nasa'i 5436

In-book reference : Book 50, Hadith 9

English translation : Vol. 6, Book 50, Hadith 5438

• Aishah reported: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went to bed, he would blow upon his hands recite Al-Mu'awwidhat; and pass his hands over his body (Al-Bukhari and Muslim).Riyad as-Salihin Book 16, Hadith 1461
• Aishah said : Every night when the prophet (May peace be upon him) went to his bed, he joined his hands and breathed into them, reciting into them: "say: he is Allah, One" (Al-Ikhlas) and say ; I seek refuge in the Lord of the dawn (Al-Falaq) and Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of men (Al-Nas). Then he would wipe as much of his body as he could with his hands, beginning with his head, his face and the front of his body, doing that three times.Sunan Abu Dawud 5056

In-book reference : Book 43, Hadith 284

English translation : Book 42, Hadith 5038

• Uqba ibn Amir reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Do you not know that last night certain Ayat were revealed the like of which there is no precedence. They are: 'Say: I seek refuge with (Allah) the Rubb of the daybreak' (Al-Falaq), and 'Say: I seek refuge with (Allah) the Rubb of mankind' (Surah 114)."Sahih Muslim Book 9, Hadith 1014Sunan an-Nasa'i 954

In-book reference : Book 11, Hadith 79

English translation : Vol. 2, Book 11, Hadith 955Jami` at-Tirmidhi English reference : Vol. 5, Book 44, Hadith 3367

Arabic reference : Book 47, Hadith 3693

• It is narrated from Muhammad that whoever recites this Surah in the month of Ramadhan in any of his prayers, it is as if he has fasted in Makkah and he will get the reward for performing Hajj and ‘Umra.
• Imam Muhammad al-Baqir said that in the prayer of Shafa’a (in Salaatul-layl) one should recite Surah al-Falaq in the first rak’aat and an-Naas in the second.

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• Four Quls

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• [https://quran.com/113 Quran 113] Clear Quran translation
• {{gutenberg author| id=7046| name=Abdullah Yusuf Ali}}
• [https://wikilivres.org/wiki/The_Holy_Qur%27an The Holy Qur'an], translated by [https://wikilivres.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Ali Abdullah Yusuf Ali]
• [https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/16955 Three translations at Project Gutenberg]
• {{gutenberg author| id=7047| name=Marmaduke Pickthall}}

{{Sura|113|al-Ikhlas|An-Nas}}

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Falaq

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